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Gastrointestinal
Diagnosis
Peritoneum, Mesentery, and Abdominal Wall
Malignant Neoplasms
Abdominal Mesothelioma
Abdominal Mesothelioma
Siva P. Raman, MD; Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Synonyms

              • Malignant mesothelioma, peritoneal mesothelioma
              • "Benign cystic mesothelioma" has nothing in common with malignant mesothelioma and is more accurately referred to as "peritoneal inclusion cyst"

            • Definitions

              • Primary malignant neoplasm arising from peritoneum

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Radiographic Findings

                • Fluoroscopic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Ultrasonographic Findings

                        • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                          • Imaging Recommendations

                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                              PATHOLOGY

                              • General Features

                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                    • Microscopic Features

                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                      • Presentation

                                        • Demographics

                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                            • Treatment

                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                              • Consider

                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                  Selected References

                                                  1. Greenbaum A et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 9(Suppl 1):S120-32, 2020
                                                  2. Uhlenhopp DJ et al: An unpleasant surprise: abdominal presentation of malignant mesothelioma. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 8:2324709620950121, 2020
                                                  3. Xu T et al: A Case of localized malignant peritoneal mesothelioma evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 45(11):890-1, 2020
                                                  4. Diop AD et al: CT imaging of peritoneal carcinomatosis and its mimics. Diagn Interv Imaging. 95(9):861-72, 2014
                                                  5. Le BB et al: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with lower extremity metastasis: PET/CT imaging. Clin Nucl Med. 40(1):e68-70, 2014
                                                  6. Abikhzer G et al: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the staging of pediatric peritoneal mesothelioma. Clin Nucl Med. 38(8):e331-2, 2013
                                                  7. Baadh AS et al: Radiology-pathology conference: primary peritoneal mesothelioma. Clin Imaging. 37(6):1142-5, 2013
                                                  8. de Pangher Manzini V et al: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: a multicenter study on 81 cases. Ann Oncol. 21(2):348-53, 2009
                                                  9. Tanida S et al: Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Int J Clin Oncol. 14(3):266-9, 2009
                                                  10. Wong WL et al: Best cases from the AFIP: multicystic mesothelioma. Radiographics. 24(1): 247-50, 2004
                                                  11. Hanbidge AE et al: US of the peritoneum. Radiographics. 23(3):663-84; discussion 684-5, 2003
                                                  12. Sheth S et al: Mesenteric neoplasms: CT appearances of primary and secondary tumors and differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 23(2):457-73; quiz 535-6, 2003
                                                  13. Sugarbaker PH et al: A review of peritoneal mesothelioma at the Washington Cancer Institute. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 12(3):605-21, xi, 2003
                                                  14. Mohamed F et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 3(5):375-86, 2002
                                                  15. Puvaneswary M et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma: CT and MRI findings. Australas Radiol. 46(1): 91-6, 2002
                                                  16. DeVita V et al: Cancer: Principles and practice of Oncology. 6th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 1937-69, 2001
                                                  17. Gore R et al: Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 1980-92, 2000
                                                  18. Haliloglu M et al: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma in two pediatric patients: MR imaging findings. Pediatr Radiol. 30(4):251-5, 2000
                                                  19. Kim Y et al: Peritoneal lymphomatosis: CT findings. Abdom Imaging. 23(1):87-90, 1998
                                                  20. Ozgen A et al: Giant benign cystic peritoneal mesothelioma: US, CT, and MRI findings. Abdom Imaging. 23(5): 502-4, 1998
                                                  21. Jadvar H et al: Still the great mimicker: abdominal tuberculosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 168(6):1455-60, 1997
                                                  22. Smith TR: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: marked variability of CT findings. Abdom Imaging. 19(1):27-9, 1994
                                                  23. Stoupis C et al: Bubbles in the belly: imaging of cystic mesenteric or omental masses. Radiographics. 14(4):729-37, 1994
                                                  24. Akhan O et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma: sonographic findings in nine cases. Abdom Imaging. 18(3):280-2, 1993
                                                  25. Ros PR et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma. Radiologic appearances correlated with histology. Acta Radiol. 32(5):355-8, 1991
                                                  26. Cozzi G et al: Double contrast barium enema combined with non-invasive imaging in peritoneal mesothelioma. Acta Radiol. 30(1): 21-4, 1989
                                                  Related Anatomy
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                                                  Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                                  References
                                                  Tables

                                                  Tables

                                                  KEY FACTS

                                                  • Terminology

                                                    • Imaging

                                                      • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                        • Pathology

                                                          • Clinical Issues

                                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                                            • Synonyms

                                                              • Malignant mesothelioma, peritoneal mesothelioma
                                                              • "Benign cystic mesothelioma" has nothing in common with malignant mesothelioma and is more accurately referred to as "peritoneal inclusion cyst"

                                                            • Definitions

                                                              • Primary malignant neoplasm arising from peritoneum

                                                            IMAGING

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • Radiographic Findings

                                                                • Fluoroscopic Findings

                                                                  • CT Findings

                                                                    • MR Findings

                                                                      • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                        • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                                              • General Features

                                                                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                                  1. Greenbaum A et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 9(Suppl 1):S120-32, 2020
                                                                                                  2. Uhlenhopp DJ et al: An unpleasant surprise: abdominal presentation of malignant mesothelioma. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 8:2324709620950121, 2020
                                                                                                  3. Xu T et al: A Case of localized malignant peritoneal mesothelioma evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 45(11):890-1, 2020
                                                                                                  4. Diop AD et al: CT imaging of peritoneal carcinomatosis and its mimics. Diagn Interv Imaging. 95(9):861-72, 2014
                                                                                                  5. Le BB et al: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with lower extremity metastasis: PET/CT imaging. Clin Nucl Med. 40(1):e68-70, 2014
                                                                                                  6. Abikhzer G et al: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the staging of pediatric peritoneal mesothelioma. Clin Nucl Med. 38(8):e331-2, 2013
                                                                                                  7. Baadh AS et al: Radiology-pathology conference: primary peritoneal mesothelioma. Clin Imaging. 37(6):1142-5, 2013
                                                                                                  8. de Pangher Manzini V et al: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: a multicenter study on 81 cases. Ann Oncol. 21(2):348-53, 2009
                                                                                                  9. Tanida S et al: Combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Int J Clin Oncol. 14(3):266-9, 2009
                                                                                                  10. Wong WL et al: Best cases from the AFIP: multicystic mesothelioma. Radiographics. 24(1): 247-50, 2004
                                                                                                  11. Hanbidge AE et al: US of the peritoneum. Radiographics. 23(3):663-84; discussion 684-5, 2003
                                                                                                  12. Sheth S et al: Mesenteric neoplasms: CT appearances of primary and secondary tumors and differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 23(2):457-73; quiz 535-6, 2003
                                                                                                  13. Sugarbaker PH et al: A review of peritoneal mesothelioma at the Washington Cancer Institute. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 12(3):605-21, xi, 2003
                                                                                                  14. Mohamed F et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 3(5):375-86, 2002
                                                                                                  15. Puvaneswary M et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma: CT and MRI findings. Australas Radiol. 46(1): 91-6, 2002
                                                                                                  16. DeVita V et al: Cancer: Principles and practice of Oncology. 6th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 1937-69, 2001
                                                                                                  17. Gore R et al: Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 1980-92, 2000
                                                                                                  18. Haliloglu M et al: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma in two pediatric patients: MR imaging findings. Pediatr Radiol. 30(4):251-5, 2000
                                                                                                  19. Kim Y et al: Peritoneal lymphomatosis: CT findings. Abdom Imaging. 23(1):87-90, 1998
                                                                                                  20. Ozgen A et al: Giant benign cystic peritoneal mesothelioma: US, CT, and MRI findings. Abdom Imaging. 23(5): 502-4, 1998
                                                                                                  21. Jadvar H et al: Still the great mimicker: abdominal tuberculosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 168(6):1455-60, 1997
                                                                                                  22. Smith TR: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: marked variability of CT findings. Abdom Imaging. 19(1):27-9, 1994
                                                                                                  23. Stoupis C et al: Bubbles in the belly: imaging of cystic mesenteric or omental masses. Radiographics. 14(4):729-37, 1994
                                                                                                  24. Akhan O et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma: sonographic findings in nine cases. Abdom Imaging. 18(3):280-2, 1993
                                                                                                  25. Ros PR et al: Peritoneal mesothelioma. Radiologic appearances correlated with histology. Acta Radiol. 32(5):355-8, 1991
                                                                                                  26. Cozzi G et al: Double contrast barium enema combined with non-invasive imaging in peritoneal mesothelioma. Acta Radiol. 30(1): 21-4, 1989