Multiple alternate titles have been suggested in attempt to minimize accusatory labeling in clinical setting
May do more harm than good by causing confusion & hampering communication
Definitions
Traumatic injury inflicted on infants & children by adults
This discussion centers on head injury
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Narang SK et al: Abusive head trauma in infants and children. Pediatrics. 145(4), 2020
Wasicek PJ et al: Differences in facial fracture patterns in pediatric nonaccidental trauma. J Craniofac Surg. ePub, 2020
Kralik SF et al: Black bone MRI with 3D reconstruction for the detection of skull fractures in children with suspected abusive head trauma. Neuroradiology. 61(1):81-7, 2019
Mankad K et al: The neuroimaging mimics of abusive head trauma. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 23(1):19-30, 2019
Silverman LB et al: Cytotoxic edema in pediatric abusive head trauma: adopting a common nomenclature. J Neuroimaging. 29(2):272-3, 2019
Thamburaj K et al: Susceptibility-weighted imaging of retinal hemorrhages in abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 49(2):210-6, 2019
Wittschieber D et al: Understanding subdural collections in pediatric abusive head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 40(3):388-95, 2019
Choudhary AK et al: Consensus statement on abusive head trauma in infants and young children. Pediatr Radiol. 48(8):1048-65, 2018
Gencturk M et al: Various cranial and orbital imaging findings in pediatric abusive and non-abusive head trauma, and relation to outcomes. Clin Neuroradiol. ePub, 2018
Ronning MM et al: Parasagittal vertex clots on head CT in infants with subdural hemorrhage as a predictor for abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 48(13):1915-1923, 2018
Teixeira SR et al: Ocular and intracranial MR imaging findings in abusive head trauma. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 27(6):503-514, 2018
Kralik SF et al: Radiologic head CT interpretation errors in pediatric abusive and non-abusive head trauma patients. Pediatr Radiol. 47(8):942-951, 2017
Wong AM et al: Arterial spin-labeling perfusion imaging of children with subdural hemorrhage: perfusion abnormalities in abusive head trauma. J Neuroradiol. 44(4):281-7, 2017
Wright JN: CNS Injuries in abusive head trauma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 28:1-11, 2017
Cramer JA et al: Limitations of T2*-gradient recalled-echo and susceptibility-weighted imaging in characterizing chronic subdural hemorrhage in infant survivors of abusive head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 37(9):1752-6, 2016
Girard N et al: Neuroimaging differential diagnoses to abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 46(5):603-14, 2016
Palifka LA et al: Parenchymal brain laceration as a predictor of abusive head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 37(1):163-8, 2016
Choudhary AK et al: Venous injury in abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 45(12):1803-13, 2015
Cowley LE et al: Validation of a prediction tool for abusive head trauma. Pediatrics. 136(2):290-8, 2015
Hahnemann ML et al: Imaging of bridging vein thrombosis in infants with abusive head trauma: the "tadpole sign". Eur Radiol. 25(2):299-305, 2015
Rambaud C: Bridging veins and autopsy findings in abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 45(8):1126-31, 2015
Wittschieber D et al: Subdural hygromas in abusive head trauma: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and forensic implications. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 36(3):432-9, 2015
Adamsbaum C et al: Dating the abusive head trauma episode and perpetrator statements: key points for imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S578-88, 2014
Binenbaum G et al: The eye in child abuse: key points on retinal hemorrhages and abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S571-7, 2014
Case ME: Distinguishing accidental from inflicted head trauma at autopsy. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S632-40, 2014
Nadarasa J et al: Update on injury mechanisms in abusive head trauma--shaken baby syndrome. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S565-70, 2014
Roach JP et al: Head injury pattern in children can help differentiate accidental from non-accidental trauma. Pediatr Surg Int. 30(11):1103-6, 2014
Vázquez E et al: Imaging abusive head trauma: why use both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging? Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S589-603, 2014
Piteau SJ et al: Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 130(2):315-23, 2012
Barnes PD: Imaging of nonaccidental injury and the mimics: issues and controversies in the era of evidence-based medicine. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(1):205-29, 2011
Ashwal S et al: Advanced neuroimaging in children with nonaccidental trauma. Dev Neurosci. 32(5-6):343-60, 2010
Hedlund GL et al: Neuroimaging of abusive head trauma. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 5(4):280-90, 2009
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Nonaccidental trauma (NAT), abusive head trauma (AHT), shaken-baby syndrome (SBS)
Multiple alternate titles have been suggested in attempt to minimize accusatory labeling in clinical setting
May do more harm than good by causing confusion & hampering communication
Definitions
Traumatic injury inflicted on infants & children by adults
This discussion centers on head injury
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Narang SK et al: Abusive head trauma in infants and children. Pediatrics. 145(4), 2020
Wasicek PJ et al: Differences in facial fracture patterns in pediatric nonaccidental trauma. J Craniofac Surg. ePub, 2020
Kralik SF et al: Black bone MRI with 3D reconstruction for the detection of skull fractures in children with suspected abusive head trauma. Neuroradiology. 61(1):81-7, 2019
Mankad K et al: The neuroimaging mimics of abusive head trauma. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 23(1):19-30, 2019
Silverman LB et al: Cytotoxic edema in pediatric abusive head trauma: adopting a common nomenclature. J Neuroimaging. 29(2):272-3, 2019
Thamburaj K et al: Susceptibility-weighted imaging of retinal hemorrhages in abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 49(2):210-6, 2019
Wittschieber D et al: Understanding subdural collections in pediatric abusive head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 40(3):388-95, 2019
Choudhary AK et al: Consensus statement on abusive head trauma in infants and young children. Pediatr Radiol. 48(8):1048-65, 2018
Gencturk M et al: Various cranial and orbital imaging findings in pediatric abusive and non-abusive head trauma, and relation to outcomes. Clin Neuroradiol. ePub, 2018
Ronning MM et al: Parasagittal vertex clots on head CT in infants with subdural hemorrhage as a predictor for abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 48(13):1915-1923, 2018
Teixeira SR et al: Ocular and intracranial MR imaging findings in abusive head trauma. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 27(6):503-514, 2018
Kralik SF et al: Radiologic head CT interpretation errors in pediatric abusive and non-abusive head trauma patients. Pediatr Radiol. 47(8):942-951, 2017
Wong AM et al: Arterial spin-labeling perfusion imaging of children with subdural hemorrhage: perfusion abnormalities in abusive head trauma. J Neuroradiol. 44(4):281-7, 2017
Wright JN: CNS Injuries in abusive head trauma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 28:1-11, 2017
Cramer JA et al: Limitations of T2*-gradient recalled-echo and susceptibility-weighted imaging in characterizing chronic subdural hemorrhage in infant survivors of abusive head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 37(9):1752-6, 2016
Girard N et al: Neuroimaging differential diagnoses to abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 46(5):603-14, 2016
Palifka LA et al: Parenchymal brain laceration as a predictor of abusive head trauma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 37(1):163-8, 2016
Choudhary AK et al: Venous injury in abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 45(12):1803-13, 2015
Cowley LE et al: Validation of a prediction tool for abusive head trauma. Pediatrics. 136(2):290-8, 2015
Hahnemann ML et al: Imaging of bridging vein thrombosis in infants with abusive head trauma: the "tadpole sign". Eur Radiol. 25(2):299-305, 2015
Rambaud C: Bridging veins and autopsy findings in abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 45(8):1126-31, 2015
Wittschieber D et al: Subdural hygromas in abusive head trauma: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and forensic implications. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 36(3):432-9, 2015
Adamsbaum C et al: Dating the abusive head trauma episode and perpetrator statements: key points for imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S578-88, 2014
Binenbaum G et al: The eye in child abuse: key points on retinal hemorrhages and abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S571-7, 2014
Case ME: Distinguishing accidental from inflicted head trauma at autopsy. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S632-40, 2014
Nadarasa J et al: Update on injury mechanisms in abusive head trauma--shaken baby syndrome. Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S565-70, 2014
Roach JP et al: Head injury pattern in children can help differentiate accidental from non-accidental trauma. Pediatr Surg Int. 30(11):1103-6, 2014
Vázquez E et al: Imaging abusive head trauma: why use both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging? Pediatr Radiol. 44 Suppl 4:S589-603, 2014
Piteau SJ et al: Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 130(2):315-23, 2012
Barnes PD: Imaging of nonaccidental injury and the mimics: issues and controversies in the era of evidence-based medicine. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(1):205-29, 2011
Ashwal S et al: Advanced neuroimaging in children with nonaccidental trauma. Dev Neurosci. 32(5-6):343-60, 2010
Hedlund GL et al: Neuroimaging of abusive head trauma. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 5(4):280-90, 2009
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