Acute inflammation of gallbladder (GB) unrelated to gallstones
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Jones MW et al: Acalculous cholecystitis. StatPearls, 2021
Jones MW et al: Gallbladder imaging. StatPearls, 2021
Expert Panel on Gastrointestinal Imaging:. et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Right Upper Quadrant Pain. J Am Coll Radiol. 16(5S):S235-43, 2019
Shafiq M et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis in the setting of negative ultrasound and computed tomography scan of the abdomen. Cureus. 10(2):e2243, 2018
Atar E et al: Percutaneous cholecystostomy in critically ill patients with acute cholecystitis: complications and late outcome. Clin Radiol. 69(6):e247-52, 2014
Knab LM et al: Cholecystitis. Surg Clin North Am. 94(2):455-70, 2014
Seyal AR et al: Cross-sectional imaging of perforated gallbladder. Abdom Imaging. 39(4):853-74, 2014
Kaura SH et al: Comparison of CT and MRI findings in the differentiation of acute from chronic cholecystitis. Clin Imaging. 37(4):687-91, 2013
Patel NB et al: Multidetector CT of emergent biliary pathologic conditions. Radiographics. 33(7):1867-88, 2013
Soyer P et al: Acute cholecystitis: quantitative and qualitative evaluation with 64-section helical CT. Acta Radiol. 54(5):477-86, 2013
Crichlow L et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis after gastrointestinal surgery. Am Surg. 78(2):220-4, 2012
Tonolini M et al: Urgent MRI with MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) of acute cholecystitis and related complications: diagnostic role and spectrum of imaging findings. Emerg Radiol. 19(4):341-8, 2012
Tulchinsky M et al: Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in acute cholecystitis. Semin Nucl Med. 42(2):84-100, 2012
Barie PS et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 39(2):343-57, x, 2010
Huffman JL et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis: a review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8(1):15-22, 2010
Shakespear JS et al: CT findings of acute cholecystitis and its complications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(6):1523-9, 2010
Catalano OA et al: MR imaging of the gallbladder: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 28(1):135-55; quiz 324, 2008
Batey A et al: Acalculous cholecystitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5(3):e8, 2007
Ananian C et al: Scintigraphic gallbladder visualization with gangrenous acalculous cholecystitis. Clin Nucl Med. 31(11):701-3, 2006
Hanbidge AE et al: From the RSNA refresher courses: imaging evaluation for acute pain in the right upper quadrant. Radiographics. 24(4):1117-35, 2004
Menu Y et al: Non-traumatic abdominal emergencies: imaging and intervention in acute biliary conditions. Eur Radiol. 12(10):2397-406, 2002
Vogt DP: Gallbladder disease: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Cleve Clin J Med. 69(12):977-84, 2002
Boland GW et al: Prevalence and significance of gallbladder abnormalities seen on sonography in intensive care unit patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174(4):973-7, 2000
Parithivel VS et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis in young patients without predisposing factors. Am Surg. 65(4):366-8, 1999
Ott DJ: Acalculous gallbladder disease: a controversial entity and imaging dilemma revisited. Am J Gastroenterol. 93(7):1181-3, 1998
Acute inflammation of gallbladder (GB) unrelated to gallstones
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
Jones MW et al: Acalculous cholecystitis. StatPearls, 2021
Jones MW et al: Gallbladder imaging. StatPearls, 2021
Expert Panel on Gastrointestinal Imaging:. et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Right Upper Quadrant Pain. J Am Coll Radiol. 16(5S):S235-43, 2019
Shafiq M et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis in the setting of negative ultrasound and computed tomography scan of the abdomen. Cureus. 10(2):e2243, 2018
Atar E et al: Percutaneous cholecystostomy in critically ill patients with acute cholecystitis: complications and late outcome. Clin Radiol. 69(6):e247-52, 2014
Knab LM et al: Cholecystitis. Surg Clin North Am. 94(2):455-70, 2014
Seyal AR et al: Cross-sectional imaging of perforated gallbladder. Abdom Imaging. 39(4):853-74, 2014
Kaura SH et al: Comparison of CT and MRI findings in the differentiation of acute from chronic cholecystitis. Clin Imaging. 37(4):687-91, 2013
Patel NB et al: Multidetector CT of emergent biliary pathologic conditions. Radiographics. 33(7):1867-88, 2013
Soyer P et al: Acute cholecystitis: quantitative and qualitative evaluation with 64-section helical CT. Acta Radiol. 54(5):477-86, 2013
Crichlow L et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis after gastrointestinal surgery. Am Surg. 78(2):220-4, 2012
Tonolini M et al: Urgent MRI with MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) of acute cholecystitis and related complications: diagnostic role and spectrum of imaging findings. Emerg Radiol. 19(4):341-8, 2012
Tulchinsky M et al: Hepatobiliary scintigraphy in acute cholecystitis. Semin Nucl Med. 42(2):84-100, 2012
Barie PS et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 39(2):343-57, x, 2010
Huffman JL et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis: a review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8(1):15-22, 2010
Shakespear JS et al: CT findings of acute cholecystitis and its complications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(6):1523-9, 2010
Catalano OA et al: MR imaging of the gallbladder: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 28(1):135-55; quiz 324, 2008
Batey A et al: Acalculous cholecystitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 5(3):e8, 2007
Ananian C et al: Scintigraphic gallbladder visualization with gangrenous acalculous cholecystitis. Clin Nucl Med. 31(11):701-3, 2006
Hanbidge AE et al: From the RSNA refresher courses: imaging evaluation for acute pain in the right upper quadrant. Radiographics. 24(4):1117-35, 2004
Menu Y et al: Non-traumatic abdominal emergencies: imaging and intervention in acute biliary conditions. Eur Radiol. 12(10):2397-406, 2002
Vogt DP: Gallbladder disease: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Cleve Clin J Med. 69(12):977-84, 2002
Boland GW et al: Prevalence and significance of gallbladder abnormalities seen on sonography in intensive care unit patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 174(4):973-7, 2000
Parithivel VS et al: Acute acalculous cholecystitis in young patients without predisposing factors. Am Surg. 65(4):366-8, 1999
Ott DJ: Acalculous gallbladder disease: a controversial entity and imaging dilemma revisited. Am J Gastroenterol. 93(7):1181-3, 1998