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Acquired CMV
Miral D. Jhaveri, MD, MBA
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • CMV infection
          • Definitions

            • Acquired CNS infections: Meningitis, encephalitis, ventriculitis, retinitis, polyradiculopathy, myelitis
            • Primary CMV infection: Generally asymptomatic in healthy adults
            • Immunocompromised (AIDS, organ transplant) patients at risk → reactivation of previously silent infection

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Imaging Recommendations

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      • Microscopic Features

                        CLINICAL ISSUES

                        • Presentation

                          • Demographics

                            • Natural History & Prognosis

                              • Treatment

                                Selected References

                                1. Angstwurm K et al: [Infections of the central nervous system in immunodeficiency.] Internist (Berl). 60(7):690-700, 2019
                                2. Shih RY et al: Central nervous system lesions in immunocompromised patients. Radiol Clin North Am. 57(6):1217-31, 2019
                                3. Sonneville R et al: Central nervous system infections in immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Crit Care. 23(2):128-33, 2017
                                4. Bowen LN et al: HIV-associated opportunistic CNS infections: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 12(11):662-74, 2016
                                5. Renard T et al: Cytomegalovirus encephalitis: undescribed diffusion-weighted imaging characteristics. Original aspects of cases extracted from a retrospective study, and from literature review. J Neuroradiol. 43(6):371-7, 2016
                                6. Bilgrami M et al: Neurologic diseases in HIV-infected patients. Handb Clin Neurol. 121:1321-44, 2014
                                7. Silva CA et al: Neurologic cytomegalovirus complications in patients with AIDS: retrospective review of 13 cases and review of the literature. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 52(6):305-10, 2010
                                8. Pirskanen-Matell R et al: Impairment of short-term memory and Korsakoff syndrome are common in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus encephalitis. Eur J Neurol. 16(1):48-53, 2009
                                9. Rafailidis PI et al: Severe cytomegalovirus infection in apparently immunocompetent patients: a systematic review. Virol J. 5:47, 2008
                                10. Miller RF et al: Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with neuropathological findings in the diagnosis of HIV and CMV associated CNS disease in AIDS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 62(4):346-51, 1997
                                11. Holland NR et al: Cytomegalovirus encephalitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Neurology. 44(3 Pt 1):507-14, 1994
                                12. Balakrishnan J et al: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation of radiologic and pathologic findings in the brain. Radiographics. 10(2):201-15, 1990
                                Related Anatomy
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                                Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                References
                                Tables

                                Tables

                                KEY FACTS

                                • Terminology

                                  • Imaging

                                    • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                      • Clinical Issues

                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                        • Abbreviations

                                          • CMV infection
                                        • Definitions

                                          • Acquired CNS infections: Meningitis, encephalitis, ventriculitis, retinitis, polyradiculopathy, myelitis
                                          • Primary CMV infection: Generally asymptomatic in healthy adults
                                          • Immunocompromised (AIDS, organ transplant) patients at risk → reactivation of previously silent infection

                                        IMAGING

                                        • General Features

                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                            • CT Findings

                                              • MR Findings

                                                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                  PATHOLOGY

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                      • Presentation

                                                        • Demographics

                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                            • Treatment

                                                              Selected References

                                                              1. Angstwurm K et al: [Infections of the central nervous system in immunodeficiency.] Internist (Berl). 60(7):690-700, 2019
                                                              2. Shih RY et al: Central nervous system lesions in immunocompromised patients. Radiol Clin North Am. 57(6):1217-31, 2019
                                                              3. Sonneville R et al: Central nervous system infections in immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Crit Care. 23(2):128-33, 2017
                                                              4. Bowen LN et al: HIV-associated opportunistic CNS infections: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 12(11):662-74, 2016
                                                              5. Renard T et al: Cytomegalovirus encephalitis: undescribed diffusion-weighted imaging characteristics. Original aspects of cases extracted from a retrospective study, and from literature review. J Neuroradiol. 43(6):371-7, 2016
                                                              6. Bilgrami M et al: Neurologic diseases in HIV-infected patients. Handb Clin Neurol. 121:1321-44, 2014
                                                              7. Silva CA et al: Neurologic cytomegalovirus complications in patients with AIDS: retrospective review of 13 cases and review of the literature. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 52(6):305-10, 2010
                                                              8. Pirskanen-Matell R et al: Impairment of short-term memory and Korsakoff syndrome are common in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus encephalitis. Eur J Neurol. 16(1):48-53, 2009
                                                              9. Rafailidis PI et al: Severe cytomegalovirus infection in apparently immunocompetent patients: a systematic review. Virol J. 5:47, 2008
                                                              10. Miller RF et al: Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with neuropathological findings in the diagnosis of HIV and CMV associated CNS disease in AIDS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 62(4):346-51, 1997
                                                              11. Holland NR et al: Cytomegalovirus encephalitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Neurology. 44(3 Pt 1):507-14, 1994
                                                              12. Balakrishnan J et al: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: correlation of radiologic and pathologic findings in the brain. Radiographics. 10(2):201-15, 1990