link
Bookmarks
 (0)
Pediatrics
Diagnosis
Brain
Pathology-Based Diagnoses
Acquired Toxic/Metabolic/Degenerative Disorders
Acute Hypertensive Encephalopathy, PRES
Acute Hypertensive Encephalopathy, PRES
Luke L. Linscott, MD
To access 4,300 diagnoses written by the world's leading experts in radiology, please log in or subscribe.Subscribe
0
21
14
1

KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)

            • Synonyms

              • Hypertensive encephalopathy
              • Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS)

            • Definitions

              • Cerebrovascular autoregulatory disorder
                • Multiple etiologies
                • Most cases associated with acute hypertension (HTN)
                • Symptoms: Headache, visual disturbances, altered mental function, & seizures

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Ollivier M et al: Neuroimaging features in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A pictorial review. J Neurol Sci. 373:188-200, 2017
                                          2. Habetz K et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A comparative study of pediatric versus adult Patients. Pediatr Neurol. 65:45-51, 2016
                                          3. Dandoy CE et al: Clinical Utility of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after Stem Cell Transplantation in Children and Adolescents. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 21(11):2028-32, 2015
                                          4. Pereira PR et al: Clinical, imagiological and etiological spectrum of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 73(1):36-40, 2015
                                          5. Thompson RJ et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the emergency department: case series and literature review. West J Emerg Med. 16(1):5-10, 2015
                                          6. Yamamoto H et al: Clinical and neuroimaging findings in children with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 19(6):672-8, 2015
                                          7. Gao B et al: Central-variant posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: more than meets the eye. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(4):W454, 2014
                                          8. Lamy C et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Handb Clin Neurol. 121:1687-701, 2014
                                          9. Rykken JB et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 35(2):118-35, 2014
                                          10. Li R et al: Is hypertension predictive of clinical recurrence in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome? J Clin Neurosci. 20(2):248-52, 2013
                                          11. McKinney AM et al: Detection of microhemorrhage in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome using susceptibility-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 33(5):896-903, 2012
                                          12. Peter P et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and the pediatric population. J Pediatr Neurosci. 7(2):136-8, 2012
                                          13. McCoy B et al: Childhood posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 15(2):91-4, 2011
                                          14. Hefzy HM et al: Hemorrhage in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: imaging and clinical features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(7):1371-9, 2009
                                          15. Bartynski WS: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, part 2: controversies surrounding pathophysiology of vasogenic edema. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(6):1043-9, 2008
                                          16. Bartynski WS: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, part 1: fundamental imaging and clinical features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(6):1036-42, 2008
                                          17. Bartynski WS et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in infection, sepsis, and shock. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 27(10):2179-90, 2006
                                          18. Ishikura K et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children: its high prevalence and more extensive imaging findings. Am J Kidney Dis. 48(2):231-8, 2006
                                          19. Pande AR et al: Clinicoradiological factors influencing the reversibility of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a multicenter study. Radiat Med. 24(10):659-68, 2006
                                          Related Anatomy
                                          Loading...
                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
                                          Loading...
                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                • Pathology

                                                  • Clinical Issues

                                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                                    • Abbreviations

                                                      • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)

                                                    • Synonyms

                                                      • Hypertensive encephalopathy
                                                      • Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS)

                                                    • Definitions

                                                      • Cerebrovascular autoregulatory disorder
                                                        • Multiple etiologies
                                                        • Most cases associated with acute hypertension (HTN)
                                                        • Symptoms: Headache, visual disturbances, altered mental function, & seizures

                                                    IMAGING

                                                    • General Features

                                                      • CT Findings

                                                        • MR Findings

                                                          • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                            • Imaging Recommendations

                                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                                • General Features

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Ollivier M et al: Neuroimaging features in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A pictorial review. J Neurol Sci. 373:188-200, 2017
                                                                                  2. Habetz K et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: A comparative study of pediatric versus adult Patients. Pediatr Neurol. 65:45-51, 2016
                                                                                  3. Dandoy CE et al: Clinical Utility of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after Stem Cell Transplantation in Children and Adolescents. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 21(11):2028-32, 2015
                                                                                  4. Pereira PR et al: Clinical, imagiological and etiological spectrum of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 73(1):36-40, 2015
                                                                                  5. Thompson RJ et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the emergency department: case series and literature review. West J Emerg Med. 16(1):5-10, 2015
                                                                                  6. Yamamoto H et al: Clinical and neuroimaging findings in children with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 19(6):672-8, 2015
                                                                                  7. Gao B et al: Central-variant posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: more than meets the eye. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(4):W454, 2014
                                                                                  8. Lamy C et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Handb Clin Neurol. 121:1687-701, 2014
                                                                                  9. Rykken JB et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 35(2):118-35, 2014
                                                                                  10. Li R et al: Is hypertension predictive of clinical recurrence in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome? J Clin Neurosci. 20(2):248-52, 2013
                                                                                  11. McKinney AM et al: Detection of microhemorrhage in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome using susceptibility-weighted imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 33(5):896-903, 2012
                                                                                  12. Peter P et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and the pediatric population. J Pediatr Neurosci. 7(2):136-8, 2012
                                                                                  13. McCoy B et al: Childhood posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 15(2):91-4, 2011
                                                                                  14. Hefzy HM et al: Hemorrhage in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: imaging and clinical features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(7):1371-9, 2009
                                                                                  15. Bartynski WS: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, part 2: controversies surrounding pathophysiology of vasogenic edema. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(6):1043-9, 2008
                                                                                  16. Bartynski WS: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, part 1: fundamental imaging and clinical features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(6):1036-42, 2008
                                                                                  17. Bartynski WS et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in infection, sepsis, and shock. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 27(10):2179-90, 2006
                                                                                  18. Ishikura K et al: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children: its high prevalence and more extensive imaging findings. Am J Kidney Dis. 48(2):231-8, 2006
                                                                                  19. Pande AR et al: Clinicoradiological factors influencing the reversibility of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a multicenter study. Radiat Med. 24(10):659-68, 2006