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Acute Lower Extremity Ischemia
George R. Oliveira, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Sudden decrease in tissue perfusion of lower extremity
              • Constitutes emergency as limb viability is threatened

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Angiographic Findings

              • MR Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • Ultrasonographic Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Malcolm PN et al: Prospective studies show that magnetic resonance angiography has high sensitivity and specificity for clinically relevant arterial steno-occlusions in adults with peripheral arterial disease symptoms. Evid Based Med. 16(3):90-1, 2011
                                          2. Elmahdy MF et al: Value of duplex scanning in differentiating embolic from thrombotic arterial occlusion in acute limb ischemia. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 11(4):223-6, 2010
                                          3. Huppertz A et al: Biphasic blood pool contrast agent-enhanced whole-body MR angiography for treatment planning in patients with significant arterial stenosis. Invest Radiol. 44(7):422-32, 2009
                                          4. O'Connell JB et al: Proper evaluation and management of acute embolic versus thrombotic limb ischemia. Semin Vasc Surg. 22(1):10-6, 2009
                                          5. Walker TG: Acute limb ischemia. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 12(2):117-29, 2009
                                          6. Heijenbrok-Kal MH et al: Lower extremity arterial disease: multidetector CT angiography meta-analysis. Radiology. 245(2):433-9, 2007
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Sudden decrease in tissue perfusion of lower extremity
                                                      • Constitutes emergency as limb viability is threatened

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • Angiographic Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • CT Findings

                                                          • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                            • Imaging Recommendations

                                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                                • General Features

                                                                  • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Malcolm PN et al: Prospective studies show that magnetic resonance angiography has high sensitivity and specificity for clinically relevant arterial steno-occlusions in adults with peripheral arterial disease symptoms. Evid Based Med. 16(3):90-1, 2011
                                                                                  2. Elmahdy MF et al: Value of duplex scanning in differentiating embolic from thrombotic arterial occlusion in acute limb ischemia. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 11(4):223-6, 2010
                                                                                  3. Huppertz A et al: Biphasic blood pool contrast agent-enhanced whole-body MR angiography for treatment planning in patients with significant arterial stenosis. Invest Radiol. 44(7):422-32, 2009
                                                                                  4. O'Connell JB et al: Proper evaluation and management of acute embolic versus thrombotic limb ischemia. Semin Vasc Surg. 22(1):10-6, 2009
                                                                                  5. Walker TG: Acute limb ischemia. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 12(2):117-29, 2009
                                                                                  6. Heijenbrok-Kal MH et al: Lower extremity arterial disease: multidetector CT angiography meta-analysis. Radiology. 245(2):433-9, 2007