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Acute Otomastoiditis With Abscess
Luke L. Linscott, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Synonyms

              • Coalescent (or confluent) otomastoiditis with abscess
            • Definitions

              • Acute mastoiditis (AM): Active infection in mastoid without destruction of mastoid septations or cortex
              • Acute otitis media (AOM): Acute middle ear-mastoid infection with progressive bony resorption & demineralization due to intramastoid empyema
              • Acute coalescent (or confluent) otomastoiditis (ACOM) + abscess: Coalescent mastoiditis with resultant intracranial or extracranial abscess

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                    • Consider

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Cassano P et al: Acute mastoiditis in children. Acta Biomed. 91(1-S):54-59, 2020
                                        2. Stern Shavit S et al: Surgical intervention for acute mastoiditis: 10 years experience in a tertiary children hospital. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 276(11):3051-6, 2019
                                        3. Marom T et al: Acute mastoiditis in children: necessity and timing of imaging. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 35(1):30-4, 2016
                                        4. Saat R et al: MR Imaging features of acute mastoiditis and their clinical relevance. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 36(2):361-7, 2015
                                        5. Chesney J et al: What is the best practice for acute mastoiditis in children? Laryngoscope. 124(5):1057-8, 2014
                                        6. Halgrimson WR et al: Incidence of acute mastoiditis in Colorado children in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 33(5):453-7, 2014
                                        7. Minks DP et al: Acute mastoiditis--the role of radiology. Clin Radiol. 68(4):397-405, 2013
                                        8. Chien JH et al: Mastoiditis diagnosed by clinical symptoms and imaging studies in children: disease spectrum and evolving diagnostic challenges. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 45(5):377-81, 2012
                                        9. Luntz M et al: Acute mastoiditis: the role of imaging for identifying intracranial complications. Laryngoscope. 122(12):2813-7, 2012
                                        10. Tamir S et al: Shifting trends: mastoiditis from a surgical to a medical disease. Am J Otolaryngol. 31(6):467-71, 2010
                                        11. Zevallos JP et al: Advanced pediatric mastoiditis with and without intracranial complications. Laryngoscope. 119(8):1610-5, 2009
                                        12. Park H et al: Surgical management of acute mastoiditis with epidural abscess. Acta Otolaryngol. 126(7):782-4, 2006
                                        13. Vazquez E et al: Imaging of complications of acute mastoiditis in children. Radiographics. 23(2):359-72, 2003
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Coalescent (or confluent) otomastoiditis with abscess
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Acute mastoiditis (AM): Active infection in mastoid without destruction of mastoid septations or cortex
                                                    • Acute otitis media (AOM): Acute middle ear-mastoid infection with progressive bony resorption & demineralization due to intramastoid empyema
                                                    • Acute coalescent (or confluent) otomastoiditis (ACOM) + abscess: Coalescent mastoiditis with resultant intracranial or extracranial abscess

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                            PATHOLOGY

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                • Microscopic Features

                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                          • Consider

                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Cassano P et al: Acute mastoiditis in children. Acta Biomed. 91(1-S):54-59, 2020
                                                                              2. Stern Shavit S et al: Surgical intervention for acute mastoiditis: 10 years experience in a tertiary children hospital. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 276(11):3051-6, 2019
                                                                              3. Marom T et al: Acute mastoiditis in children: necessity and timing of imaging. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 35(1):30-4, 2016
                                                                              4. Saat R et al: MR Imaging features of acute mastoiditis and their clinical relevance. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 36(2):361-7, 2015
                                                                              5. Chesney J et al: What is the best practice for acute mastoiditis in children? Laryngoscope. 124(5):1057-8, 2014
                                                                              6. Halgrimson WR et al: Incidence of acute mastoiditis in Colorado children in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 33(5):453-7, 2014
                                                                              7. Minks DP et al: Acute mastoiditis--the role of radiology. Clin Radiol. 68(4):397-405, 2013
                                                                              8. Chien JH et al: Mastoiditis diagnosed by clinical symptoms and imaging studies in children: disease spectrum and evolving diagnostic challenges. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 45(5):377-81, 2012
                                                                              9. Luntz M et al: Acute mastoiditis: the role of imaging for identifying intracranial complications. Laryngoscope. 122(12):2813-7, 2012
                                                                              10. Tamir S et al: Shifting trends: mastoiditis from a surgical to a medical disease. Am J Otolaryngol. 31(6):467-71, 2010
                                                                              11. Zevallos JP et al: Advanced pediatric mastoiditis with and without intracranial complications. Laryngoscope. 119(8):1610-5, 2009
                                                                              12. Park H et al: Surgical management of acute mastoiditis with epidural abscess. Acta Otolaryngol. 126(7):782-4, 2006
                                                                              13. Vazquez E et al: Imaging of complications of acute mastoiditis in children. Radiographics. 23(2):359-72, 2003