Acute inflammation of pancreas with variable involvement of other regional tissues or remote organs
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Dar G et al: CT severity indices derived from low monoenergetic images at dual-energy CT may improve prediction of outcome in acute pancreatitis. Eur Radiol. ePub, 2021
Hu X et al: The value of a dual-energy spectral CT quantitative analysis technique in acute pancreatitis. Clin Radiol. 76(7):551.e11-551.e15, 2021
Nepal P et al: Gas where it shouldn't be! imaging spectrum of emphysematous infections in the abdomen and pelvis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(3):812-23, 2021
Trout AT et al: Current state of imaging of pediatric pancreatitis: AJR expert panel narrative review. AJR Am J Roentgenol. ePub, 2021
Boxhoorn L et al: Acute pancreatitis. Lancet. 396(10252):726-34, 2020
Gupta P et al: Variability of contrast enhancement of pancreas on computed tomography in patients with acute pancreatitis and isolated extrapancreatic necrosis. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 83(4):593-7, 2020
Vacca G et al: Magnetic resonance severity index assessed by T1-weighted imaging for acute pancreatitis: correlation with clinical outcomes and grading of the revised Atlanta classification-a narrative review. Gland Surg. 9(6):2312-20, 2020
Porter KK et al: Acute pancreatitis: how can MR imaging help. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 26(3):439-50, 2018
Stigliano S et al: Early management of acute pancreatitis: a review of the best evidence. Dig Liver Dis. 49(6):585-94, 2017
Forsmark CE et al: Acute pancreatitis. N Engl J Med. 375(20):1972-81, 2016
Foster BR et al: Revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 36(3):675-87, 2016
Baker ME et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® acute pancreatitis. Ultrasound Q. 30(4):267-73, 2014
Bakker OJ et al: Treatment options for acute pancreatitis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 11(8):462-9, 2014
Murphy KP et al: Updated imaging nomenclature for acute pancreatitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(5):W464-9, 2014
Shinagare AB et al: Use of CT and MRI in emergency department patients with acute pancreatitis. Abdom Imaging.40(2):272-7, 2014
Shyu JY et al: Necrotizing pancreatitis: diagnosis, imaging, and intervention. Radiographics. 34(5):1218-39, 2014
Türkvatan A et al: Imaging of acute pancreatitis and its complications. Part 1: acute pancreatitis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(2):151-60, 2014
Türkvatan A et al: Imaging of acute pancreatitis and its complications. Part 2: complications of acute pancreatitis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(2):161-9, 2014
Verde F et al: Arterial pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis: literature review. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 39(1):7-12, 2014
Schepers NJ et al: Early management of acute pancreatitis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 27(5):727-43, 2013
Zaheer A et al: The revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: updates in imaging terminology and guidelines. Abdom Imaging. 38(1):125-36, 2013
Sheu Y et al: The revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: a CT imaging guide for radiologists. Emerg Radiol. 19(3):237-43, 2012
Thoeni RF: The revised atlanta classification of acute pancreatitis: its importance for the radiologist and its effect on treatment. Radiology. 262(3):751-64, 2012
Sigounas DE et al: New prognostic markers for outcome of acute pancreatitis: overview of reporting in 184 studies. Pancreas. 40(4):522-32, 2011
Kiriyama S et al: New diagnostic criteria of acute pancreatitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 17(1):24-36, 2010
Darge K et al: Pancreatitis and the role of US, MRCP and ERCP. Pediatr Radiol. 39 Suppl 2:S153-7, 2009
Shinya S et al: The efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging for the detection and evaluation of acute pancreatitis. Hepatogastroenterology. 56(94-95):1407-10, 2009
Tkacz JN et al: MR imaging in gastrointestinal emergencies. Radiographics. 29(6):1767-80, 2009
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Acute inflammation of pancreas with variable involvement of other regional tissues or remote organs
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Dar G et al: CT severity indices derived from low monoenergetic images at dual-energy CT may improve prediction of outcome in acute pancreatitis. Eur Radiol. ePub, 2021
Hu X et al: The value of a dual-energy spectral CT quantitative analysis technique in acute pancreatitis. Clin Radiol. 76(7):551.e11-551.e15, 2021
Nepal P et al: Gas where it shouldn't be! imaging spectrum of emphysematous infections in the abdomen and pelvis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(3):812-23, 2021
Trout AT et al: Current state of imaging of pediatric pancreatitis: AJR expert panel narrative review. AJR Am J Roentgenol. ePub, 2021
Boxhoorn L et al: Acute pancreatitis. Lancet. 396(10252):726-34, 2020
Gupta P et al: Variability of contrast enhancement of pancreas on computed tomography in patients with acute pancreatitis and isolated extrapancreatic necrosis. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 83(4):593-7, 2020
Vacca G et al: Magnetic resonance severity index assessed by T1-weighted imaging for acute pancreatitis: correlation with clinical outcomes and grading of the revised Atlanta classification-a narrative review. Gland Surg. 9(6):2312-20, 2020
Porter KK et al: Acute pancreatitis: how can MR imaging help. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 26(3):439-50, 2018
Stigliano S et al: Early management of acute pancreatitis: a review of the best evidence. Dig Liver Dis. 49(6):585-94, 2017
Forsmark CE et al: Acute pancreatitis. N Engl J Med. 375(20):1972-81, 2016
Foster BR et al: Revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 36(3):675-87, 2016
Baker ME et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® acute pancreatitis. Ultrasound Q. 30(4):267-73, 2014
Bakker OJ et al: Treatment options for acute pancreatitis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 11(8):462-9, 2014
Murphy KP et al: Updated imaging nomenclature for acute pancreatitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(5):W464-9, 2014
Shinagare AB et al: Use of CT and MRI in emergency department patients with acute pancreatitis. Abdom Imaging.40(2):272-7, 2014
Shyu JY et al: Necrotizing pancreatitis: diagnosis, imaging, and intervention. Radiographics. 34(5):1218-39, 2014
Türkvatan A et al: Imaging of acute pancreatitis and its complications. Part 1: acute pancreatitis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(2):151-60, 2014
Türkvatan A et al: Imaging of acute pancreatitis and its complications. Part 2: complications of acute pancreatitis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 96(2):161-9, 2014
Verde F et al: Arterial pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis: literature review. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 39(1):7-12, 2014
Schepers NJ et al: Early management of acute pancreatitis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 27(5):727-43, 2013
Zaheer A et al: The revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: updates in imaging terminology and guidelines. Abdom Imaging. 38(1):125-36, 2013
Sheu Y et al: The revised Atlanta classification for acute pancreatitis: a CT imaging guide for radiologists. Emerg Radiol. 19(3):237-43, 2012
Thoeni RF: The revised atlanta classification of acute pancreatitis: its importance for the radiologist and its effect on treatment. Radiology. 262(3):751-64, 2012
Sigounas DE et al: New prognostic markers for outcome of acute pancreatitis: overview of reporting in 184 studies. Pancreas. 40(4):522-32, 2011
Kiriyama S et al: New diagnostic criteria of acute pancreatitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 17(1):24-36, 2010
Darge K et al: Pancreatitis and the role of US, MRCP and ERCP. Pediatr Radiol. 39 Suppl 2:S153-7, 2009
Shinya S et al: The efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging for the detection and evaluation of acute pancreatitis. Hepatogastroenterology. 56(94-95):1407-10, 2009
Tkacz JN et al: MR imaging in gastrointestinal emergencies. Radiographics. 29(6):1767-80, 2009
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