Lepidic: Neoplastic cell growth along alveolar walls
Term bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) no longer used
IMAGING
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
CT/Pathologic Correlation
CT/Prognostic Correlation
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
American College of Radiology: Lung CT screening reporting & data system (lung-RADS). Reviewed June 28, 2021. Accessed June 28, 2021. https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Reporting-and-Data-Systems/Lung-Rads
Mendoza DP et al: Clinicopathologic and longitudinal imaging features of lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(2):18-329, 2021
Halpenny D et al: Imaging of novel oncologic treatments in lung cancer part 1: systemic therapies. J Thorac Imaging. 35(1):26-36, 2020
Shao X et al: Role of PET/CT in management of early lung adenocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 214(2):437-45, 2020
Chen L et al: A radiologist's guide to the changing treatment paradigm of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the ASCO 2018 molecular testing guidelines and targeted therapies. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 213(5):1047-58, 2019
Kim SK et al: Lung adenocarcinoma: CT features associated with spread through air spaces. Radiology. 180431, 2018
MacMahon H et al: Guidelines for management of incidental pulmonary nodules detected on ct images: from the Fleischner Society 2017. Radiology. 161659, 2017
Cohen JG et al: Differentiating pre- and minimally invasive from invasive adenocarcinoma using CT-features in persistent pulmonary part-solid nodules in Caucasian patients. Eur J Radiol. 84(4):738-44, 2015
Kakinuma R et al: Solitary pure ground-glass nodules 5 mm or smaller: frequency of growth. Radiology. 141071, 2015
Lee SM et al: CT findings of minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) of the lung and comparison of solid portion measurement methods at CT in 52 patients. Eur Radiol. 25(8):2318-25, 2015
Mimae T et al: What are the radiologic findings predictive of indolent lung adenocarcinoma? Jpn J Clin Oncol. 45(4):367-72, 2015
Nakamura H et al: Close association of IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma subtypes with glucose-uptake in positron emission tomography. Lung Cancer. 87(1):28-33, 2015
Tailor TD et al: The pseudocavitation sign of lung adenocarcinoma: a distinguishing feature and imaging biomarker of lepidic growth. J Thorac Imaging. 30(5):308-13, 2015
Sawabata N et al: Clinical predictor of pre- or minimally invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma: possibility of sub-classification of clinical T1a. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 45(2):256-61, 2014
Weichert W et al: Early lung cancer with lepidic pattern: adenocarcinoma in situ, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 20(4):309-16, 2014
Austin JH et al: Radiologic implications of the 2011 classification of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Radiology. 266(1):62-71, 2013
Ikehara M et al: Comparison of thin-section CT and pathological findings in small solid-density type pulmonary adenocarcinoma: prognostic factors from CT findings. Eur J Radiol. 81(1):189-94, 2012
Tsutani Y et al: Prognostic significance of using solid versus whole tumor size on high-resolution computed tomography for predicting pathologic malignant grade of tumors in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 143(3):607-12, 2012
Travis WD et al: International association for the study of lung cancer/american thoracic society/european respiratory society international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 6(2):244-85, 2011
Onn A et al: Tumor cavitation in stage I non-small cell lung cancer: epidermal growth factor receptor expression and prediction of poor outcome. Radiology. 237(1):342-7, 2005
Rossi G et al: Primary mucinous (so-called colloid) carcinomas of the lung: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study with special reference to CDX-2 homeobox gene and MUC2 expression. Am J Surg Pathol. 28(4):442-52, 2004
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Most common subtype of lung cancer
Lepidic: Neoplastic cell growth along alveolar walls
Term bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) no longer used
IMAGING
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
CT/Pathologic Correlation
CT/Prognostic Correlation
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
Selected References
American College of Radiology: Lung CT screening reporting & data system (lung-RADS). Reviewed June 28, 2021. Accessed June 28, 2021. https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Reporting-and-Data-Systems/Lung-Rads
Mendoza DP et al: Clinicopathologic and longitudinal imaging features of lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 216(2):18-329, 2021
Halpenny D et al: Imaging of novel oncologic treatments in lung cancer part 1: systemic therapies. J Thorac Imaging. 35(1):26-36, 2020
Shao X et al: Role of PET/CT in management of early lung adenocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 214(2):437-45, 2020
Chen L et al: A radiologist's guide to the changing treatment paradigm of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the ASCO 2018 molecular testing guidelines and targeted therapies. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 213(5):1047-58, 2019
Kim SK et al: Lung adenocarcinoma: CT features associated with spread through air spaces. Radiology. 180431, 2018
MacMahon H et al: Guidelines for management of incidental pulmonary nodules detected on ct images: from the Fleischner Society 2017. Radiology. 161659, 2017
Cohen JG et al: Differentiating pre- and minimally invasive from invasive adenocarcinoma using CT-features in persistent pulmonary part-solid nodules in Caucasian patients. Eur J Radiol. 84(4):738-44, 2015
Kakinuma R et al: Solitary pure ground-glass nodules 5 mm or smaller: frequency of growth. Radiology. 141071, 2015
Lee SM et al: CT findings of minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) of the lung and comparison of solid portion measurement methods at CT in 52 patients. Eur Radiol. 25(8):2318-25, 2015
Mimae T et al: What are the radiologic findings predictive of indolent lung adenocarcinoma? Jpn J Clin Oncol. 45(4):367-72, 2015
Nakamura H et al: Close association of IASLC/ATS/ERS lung adenocarcinoma subtypes with glucose-uptake in positron emission tomography. Lung Cancer. 87(1):28-33, 2015
Tailor TD et al: The pseudocavitation sign of lung adenocarcinoma: a distinguishing feature and imaging biomarker of lepidic growth. J Thorac Imaging. 30(5):308-13, 2015
Sawabata N et al: Clinical predictor of pre- or minimally invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma: possibility of sub-classification of clinical T1a. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 45(2):256-61, 2014
Weichert W et al: Early lung cancer with lepidic pattern: adenocarcinoma in situ, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, and lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 20(4):309-16, 2014
Austin JH et al: Radiologic implications of the 2011 classification of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Radiology. 266(1):62-71, 2013
Ikehara M et al: Comparison of thin-section CT and pathological findings in small solid-density type pulmonary adenocarcinoma: prognostic factors from CT findings. Eur J Radiol. 81(1):189-94, 2012
Tsutani Y et al: Prognostic significance of using solid versus whole tumor size on high-resolution computed tomography for predicting pathologic malignant grade of tumors in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: a multicenter study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 143(3):607-12, 2012
Travis WD et al: International association for the study of lung cancer/american thoracic society/european respiratory society international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 6(2):244-85, 2011
Onn A et al: Tumor cavitation in stage I non-small cell lung cancer: epidermal growth factor receptor expression and prediction of poor outcome. Radiology. 237(1):342-7, 2005
Rossi G et al: Primary mucinous (so-called colloid) carcinomas of the lung: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study with special reference to CDX-2 homeobox gene and MUC2 expression. Am J Surg Pathol. 28(4):442-52, 2004
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