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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Nodular adenosis = tumoral adenosis
Definitions
- Adenosis: Benign proliferation of lobular glandular elements with increased number of acini/ductules relative to surrounding tissue
- Nodular subtypes form solid masses (nodular adenosis, adenosis tumor)
- Part of spectrum of fibrocystic change, together with fibrosis and cysts
- Sclerosing adenosis (SA): Adenosis + intervening stromal fibrosis compressing and distorting acini
- Microglandular adenosis (MGA): Extremely rare variant of adenosis
- Proliferation of ductules with single epithelial cell layer infiltrative pattern
- Only benign epithelial lesion that lacks myoepithelial cell layer but retains basement membrane
- May represent nonobligate precursor to triple-negative breast cancer
- Adenosis: Benign proliferation of lobular glandular elements with increased number of acini/ductules relative to surrounding tissue
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Image-Guided Biopsy
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Bahl M et al: Pathologic outcomes of architectural distortion on digital 2D versus tomosynthesis mammography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(5):1162-1167, 2017
- Hicks and Lester: Diagnostic Pathology: Breast 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. 126-133, 2016
- Visscher DW et al: Sclerosing adenosis and risk of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 144(1):205-12, 2014
- Eusebi V et al. Tumours of the nipple. In: Lakhani SR et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast. 4th Edition Lyon, France: IARC; 2012
- Wen YH et al: Microglandular adenosis: a non-obligate precursor of triple-negative breast cancer? Histol Histopathol. Epub ahead of print, 2013
- Shin SJ et al: Molecular evidence for progression of microglandular adenosis (MGA) to invasive carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 33(4):496-504, 2009
- Khalifeh IM et al: Clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features of microglandular adenosis and transition into in situ and invasive carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 32(4):544-52, 2008
- Salarieh A et al: Breast carcinoma arising in microglandular adenosis: a review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 131(9):1397-9, 2007
- Bassett LW et al: Diagnosis of Diseases of the Breast. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. 439-42, 2005
- Guinebretière JM et al: Normal and pathological breast, the histological basis. Eur J Radiol. 54(1):6-14, 2005
- Markopoulos C et al: Adenosis tumor of the breast. Breast J. 9(3):255-6, 2003
- Gill HK et al: When is a diagnosis of sclerosing adenosis acceptable at core biopsy? Radiology. 228(1):50-7, 2003
- Resetkova E et al: Ten-year follow-up of mammary carcinoma arising in microglandular adenosis treated with breast conservation. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 127(1):77-80, 2003
- Günhan-Bilgen I et al: Sclerosing adenosis: mammographic and ultrasonographic findings with clinical and histopathological correlation. Eur J Radiol. 44(3):232-8, 2002
- Sabaté JM et al: Microglandular adenosis of the breast in a BRCA1 mutation carrier: radiological features. Eur Radiol. 12(6):1479-82, 2002
- Rosen PP: Rosen's Breast Pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 139-51, 2001
- DiPiro PJ et al: Mammographic and sonographic appearances of nodular adenosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 175(1):31-4, 2000
- Cyrlak D et al: Breast imaging case of the day. Florid sclerosing adenosis. Radiographics. 19(1):245-7, 1999
- Jensen RA et al: Invasive breast cancer risk in women with sclerosing adenosis. Cancer. 64(10):1977-83, 1989
- Rosen PP: Microglandular adenosis. A benign lesion simulating invasive mammary carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 7(2):137-44, 1983
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References
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Nodular adenosis = tumoral adenosis
Definitions
- Adenosis: Benign proliferation of lobular glandular elements with increased number of acini/ductules relative to surrounding tissue
- Nodular subtypes form solid masses (nodular adenosis, adenosis tumor)
- Part of spectrum of fibrocystic change, together with fibrosis and cysts
- Sclerosing adenosis (SA): Adenosis + intervening stromal fibrosis compressing and distorting acini
- Microglandular adenosis (MGA): Extremely rare variant of adenosis
- Proliferation of ductules with single epithelial cell layer infiltrative pattern
- Only benign epithelial lesion that lacks myoepithelial cell layer but retains basement membrane
- May represent nonobligate precursor to triple-negative breast cancer
- Adenosis: Benign proliferation of lobular glandular elements with increased number of acini/ductules relative to surrounding tissue
IMAGING
General Features
Mammographic Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
MR Findings
Image-Guided Biopsy
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Bahl M et al: Pathologic outcomes of architectural distortion on digital 2D versus tomosynthesis mammography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(5):1162-1167, 2017
- Hicks and Lester: Diagnostic Pathology: Breast 2nd Edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. 126-133, 2016
- Visscher DW et al: Sclerosing adenosis and risk of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 144(1):205-12, 2014
- Eusebi V et al. Tumours of the nipple. In: Lakhani SR et al. WHO Classification of Tumours of the Breast. 4th Edition Lyon, France: IARC; 2012
- Wen YH et al: Microglandular adenosis: a non-obligate precursor of triple-negative breast cancer? Histol Histopathol. Epub ahead of print, 2013
- Shin SJ et al: Molecular evidence for progression of microglandular adenosis (MGA) to invasive carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 33(4):496-504, 2009
- Khalifeh IM et al: Clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features of microglandular adenosis and transition into in situ and invasive carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 32(4):544-52, 2008
- Salarieh A et al: Breast carcinoma arising in microglandular adenosis: a review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 131(9):1397-9, 2007
- Bassett LW et al: Diagnosis of Diseases of the Breast. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. 439-42, 2005
- Guinebretière JM et al: Normal and pathological breast, the histological basis. Eur J Radiol. 54(1):6-14, 2005
- Markopoulos C et al: Adenosis tumor of the breast. Breast J. 9(3):255-6, 2003
- Gill HK et al: When is a diagnosis of sclerosing adenosis acceptable at core biopsy? Radiology. 228(1):50-7, 2003
- Resetkova E et al: Ten-year follow-up of mammary carcinoma arising in microglandular adenosis treated with breast conservation. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 127(1):77-80, 2003
- Günhan-Bilgen I et al: Sclerosing adenosis: mammographic and ultrasonographic findings with clinical and histopathological correlation. Eur J Radiol. 44(3):232-8, 2002
- Sabaté JM et al: Microglandular adenosis of the breast in a BRCA1 mutation carrier: radiological features. Eur Radiol. 12(6):1479-82, 2002
- Rosen PP: Rosen's Breast Pathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 139-51, 2001
- DiPiro PJ et al: Mammographic and sonographic appearances of nodular adenosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 175(1):31-4, 2000
- Cyrlak D et al: Breast imaging case of the day. Florid sclerosing adenosis. Radiographics. 19(1):245-7, 1999
- Jensen RA et al: Invasive breast cancer risk in women with sclerosing adenosis. Cancer. 64(10):1977-83, 1989
- Rosen PP: Microglandular adenosis. A benign lesion simulating invasive mammary carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 7(2):137-44, 1983
