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Adrenal Hemorrhage
Ghaneh Fananapazir, MD, FSAR, FSRU, FSABIMitchell Tublin, MDMichael P. Federle, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Definitions

                • Hemorrhage within adrenal gland or tumor

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Ultrasonographic Findings

                      • Angiographic Findings

                        • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                          • Imaging Recommendations

                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                              PATHOLOGY

                              • General Features

                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                • Presentation

                                  • Demographics

                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                      • Treatment

                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                        • Consider

                                          • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                            Selected References

                                            1. Alves Pereira FD et al: Case 268: bilateral adrenal hemorrhage in the context of sepsis. Radiology. 292(2):503-6, 2019
                                            2. Wang L et al: Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after hip arthroplasty: an initially misdiagnosed case. BMC Urol. 19(1):106, 2019
                                            3. Ali A et al: Acute non-traumatic adrenal haemorrhage-management, pathology and clinical outcomes. Gland Surg. 7(5):428-32, 2018
                                            4. Karwacka IM et al: Adrenal hemorrhage: a single center experience and literature review. Adv Clin Exp Med. 27(5):681-7, 2018
                                            5. Fakih H et al: Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. Intensive Care Med. 43(3):447-8, 2017
                                            6. Rowe SP et al: Computed tomography appearance of surgically resected adrenal hematomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 40(6):892-5, 2016
                                            7. Tan GX et al: Adrenal congestion preceding adrenal hemorrhage on CT imaging: a case series. Abdom Radiol (NY). 41(2):303-10, 2016
                                            8. Chernyak V et al: Traumatic and non-traumatic adrenal emergencies. Emerg Radiol. 22(6):697-704, 2015
                                            9. Hammond NA et al: Imaging of adrenal and renal hemorrhage. Abdom Imaging. 40(7):2747-60, 2015
                                            10. Liao CH et al: The current status and management of blunt adrenal gland trauma. Surgery. 157(2):338-43, 2015
                                            11. Lattin GE Jr et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: adrenal tumors and tumor-like conditions in the adult: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 34(3):805-29, 2014
                                            12. Stein DM et al: Hyperacute adrenal insufficiency after hemorrhagic shock exists and is associated with poor outcomes. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 74(2):363-70; discussion 370, 2013
                                            13. Jordan E et al: Imaging of nontraumatic adrenal hemorrhage. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199(1):W91-8, 2012
                                            14. Marti JL et al: Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage with associated masses: etiology and management in 6 cases and a review of 133 reported cases. World J Surg. 36(1):75-82, 2012
                                            Related Anatomy
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                                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                            References
                                            Tables

                                            Tables

                                            KEY FACTS

                                            • Terminology

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                                        • Definitions

                                                          • Hemorrhage within adrenal gland or tumor

                                                        IMAGING

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • CT Findings

                                                            • MR Findings

                                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                • Angiographic Findings

                                                                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                                        • General Features

                                                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                          • Presentation

                                                                            • Demographics

                                                                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                • Treatment

                                                                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                  • Consider

                                                                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                      Selected References

                                                                                      1. Alves Pereira FD et al: Case 268: bilateral adrenal hemorrhage in the context of sepsis. Radiology. 292(2):503-6, 2019
                                                                                      2. Wang L et al: Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after hip arthroplasty: an initially misdiagnosed case. BMC Urol. 19(1):106, 2019
                                                                                      3. Ali A et al: Acute non-traumatic adrenal haemorrhage-management, pathology and clinical outcomes. Gland Surg. 7(5):428-32, 2018
                                                                                      4. Karwacka IM et al: Adrenal hemorrhage: a single center experience and literature review. Adv Clin Exp Med. 27(5):681-7, 2018
                                                                                      5. Fakih H et al: Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. Intensive Care Med. 43(3):447-8, 2017
                                                                                      6. Rowe SP et al: Computed tomography appearance of surgically resected adrenal hematomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 40(6):892-5, 2016
                                                                                      7. Tan GX et al: Adrenal congestion preceding adrenal hemorrhage on CT imaging: a case series. Abdom Radiol (NY). 41(2):303-10, 2016
                                                                                      8. Chernyak V et al: Traumatic and non-traumatic adrenal emergencies. Emerg Radiol. 22(6):697-704, 2015
                                                                                      9. Hammond NA et al: Imaging of adrenal and renal hemorrhage. Abdom Imaging. 40(7):2747-60, 2015
                                                                                      10. Liao CH et al: The current status and management of blunt adrenal gland trauma. Surgery. 157(2):338-43, 2015
                                                                                      11. Lattin GE Jr et al: From the radiologic pathology archives: adrenal tumors and tumor-like conditions in the adult: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 34(3):805-29, 2014
                                                                                      12. Stein DM et al: Hyperacute adrenal insufficiency after hemorrhagic shock exists and is associated with poor outcomes. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 74(2):363-70; discussion 370, 2013
                                                                                      13. Jordan E et al: Imaging of nontraumatic adrenal hemorrhage. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199(1):W91-8, 2012
                                                                                      14. Marti JL et al: Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage with associated masses: etiology and management in 6 cases and a review of 133 reported cases. World J Surg. 36(1):75-82, 2012