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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Alveolar growth disorder, alveolar simplification
Definitions
Alveolar growth abnormality (AGA): Pathologic pattern of enlargement & simplification of alveoli with concomitant underdevelopment of pulmonary vasculature
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Armes JE et al: Diffuse lung disease of infancy: a pattern-based, algorithmic approach to histological diagnosis. J Clin Pathol. 68(2):100-10, 2015
Fan LL et al: Diffuse lung disease in biopsied children 2 to 18 years of age. Application of the chILD classification scheme. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 12(10):1498-505, 2015
Lange M et al: 47 patients with FLNA associated periventricular nodular heterotopia. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 10:134, 2015
McEvoy CT et al: The natural history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: the case for primary prevention. Clin Perinatol. 42(4):911-31, 2015
Lord A et al: Filamin A mutation may be associated with diffuse lung disease mimicking bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature newborns. Respir Care. 59(11):e171-7, 2014
Narayanan M et al: Catch-up alveolarization in ex-preterm children: evidence from (3)He magnetic resonance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 187(10):1104-9, 2013
Reinstein E et al: Vascular and connective tissue anomalies associated with X-linked periventricular heterotopia due to mutations in Filamin A. Eur J Hum Genet. 21(5):494-502, 2013
Narayanan M et al: Alveolarization continues during childhood and adolescence: new evidence from helium-3 magnetic resonance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 185(2):186-91, 2012
Guillerman RP et al: Contemporary perspectives on pediatric diffuse lung disease. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(5):847-68, 2011
Balinotti JE et al: Growth of lung parenchyma in infants and toddlers with chronic lung disease of infancy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 181(10):1093-7, 2010
Dishop MK: Diagnostic pathology of diffuse lung disease in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 23(1):69-85, 2010
Langston C et al: Diffuse lung disease in infancy: a proposed classification applied to 259 diagnostic biopsies. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 12(6):421-37, 2009
Biko DM et al: Subpleural lung cysts in Down syndrome: prevalence and association with coexisting diagnoses. Pediatr Radiol. 38(3):280-4, 2008
Deutsch GH et al: Diffuse lung disease in young children: application of a novel classification scheme. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 176(11):1120-8, 2007
Ehrenkranz RA et al: Validation of the National Institutes of Health consensus definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatrics. 116(6):1353-60, 2005
Pieper CH et al: The value of ultrasound examination of the lungs in predicting bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Radiol. 34(3):227-31, 2004
Jobe AJ: The new BPD: an arrest of lung development. Pediatr Res. 46(6):641-3, 1999
Coalson JJ et al: Decreased alveolarization in baboon survivors with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 152(2):640-6, 1995
Avni EF et al: Hyaline membrane disease in the newborn: diagnosis by ultrasound. Pediatr Radiol. 20(3):143-6, 1990
Northway WH Jr et al: Late pulmonary sequelae of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. N Engl J Med. 323(26):1793-9, 1990
Sherer DM et al: Pulmonary hypoplasia: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 45(11):792-803, 1990
Cooney TP et al: The radial alveolar count method of Emery and Mithal: a reappraisal 1--postnatal lung growth. Thorax. 37(8):572-9, 1982
Cooney TP et al: The radial alveolar count method of Emery and Mithal: a reappraisal 2--intrauterine and early postnatal lung growth. Thorax. 37(8):580-3, 1982
The New BPD
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
Alveolar growth disorder, alveolar simplification
Definitions
Alveolar growth abnormality (AGA): Pathologic pattern of enlargement & simplification of alveoli with concomitant underdevelopment of pulmonary vasculature
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Armes JE et al: Diffuse lung disease of infancy: a pattern-based, algorithmic approach to histological diagnosis. J Clin Pathol. 68(2):100-10, 2015
Fan LL et al: Diffuse lung disease in biopsied children 2 to 18 years of age. Application of the chILD classification scheme. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 12(10):1498-505, 2015
Lange M et al: 47 patients with FLNA associated periventricular nodular heterotopia. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 10:134, 2015
McEvoy CT et al: The natural history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: the case for primary prevention. Clin Perinatol. 42(4):911-31, 2015
Lord A et al: Filamin A mutation may be associated with diffuse lung disease mimicking bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature newborns. Respir Care. 59(11):e171-7, 2014
Narayanan M et al: Catch-up alveolarization in ex-preterm children: evidence from (3)He magnetic resonance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 187(10):1104-9, 2013
Reinstein E et al: Vascular and connective tissue anomalies associated with X-linked periventricular heterotopia due to mutations in Filamin A. Eur J Hum Genet. 21(5):494-502, 2013
Narayanan M et al: Alveolarization continues during childhood and adolescence: new evidence from helium-3 magnetic resonance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 185(2):186-91, 2012
Guillerman RP et al: Contemporary perspectives on pediatric diffuse lung disease. Radiol Clin North Am. 49(5):847-68, 2011
Balinotti JE et al: Growth of lung parenchyma in infants and toddlers with chronic lung disease of infancy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 181(10):1093-7, 2010
Dishop MK: Diagnostic pathology of diffuse lung disease in children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 23(1):69-85, 2010
Langston C et al: Diffuse lung disease in infancy: a proposed classification applied to 259 diagnostic biopsies. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 12(6):421-37, 2009
Biko DM et al: Subpleural lung cysts in Down syndrome: prevalence and association with coexisting diagnoses. Pediatr Radiol. 38(3):280-4, 2008
Deutsch GH et al: Diffuse lung disease in young children: application of a novel classification scheme. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 176(11):1120-8, 2007
Ehrenkranz RA et al: Validation of the National Institutes of Health consensus definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatrics. 116(6):1353-60, 2005
Pieper CH et al: The value of ultrasound examination of the lungs in predicting bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Radiol. 34(3):227-31, 2004
Jobe AJ: The new BPD: an arrest of lung development. Pediatr Res. 46(6):641-3, 1999
Coalson JJ et al: Decreased alveolarization in baboon survivors with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 152(2):640-6, 1995
Avni EF et al: Hyaline membrane disease in the newborn: diagnosis by ultrasound. Pediatr Radiol. 20(3):143-6, 1990
Northway WH Jr et al: Late pulmonary sequelae of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. N Engl J Med. 323(26):1793-9, 1990
Sherer DM et al: Pulmonary hypoplasia: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 45(11):792-803, 1990
Cooney TP et al: The radial alveolar count method of Emery and Mithal: a reappraisal 1--postnatal lung growth. Thorax. 37(8):572-9, 1982
Cooney TP et al: The radial alveolar count method of Emery and Mithal: a reappraisal 2--intrauterine and early postnatal lung growth. Thorax. 37(8):580-3, 1982
The New BPD
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