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Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
Non-Trauma
Bone Tumors and Tumor-Like Conditions
Other Bone Tumors
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
Behrang Amini, MD, PhD; B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Clinical Issues

        • Diagnostic Checklist

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)

          • Synonyms

            • Multilocular hematic cyst, giant cell reparative granuloma of small bone

          • Definitions

            • Benign cystic neoplasm of bone composed of blood-filled spaces separated by connective tissue septa
            • Term secondary ABC has been replaced with ABC-like change when associated with other bone tumors

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Radiographic Findings

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Bavan L et al: Efficacy of treatment interventions for primary aneurysmal bone cysts: a systematic review. Bone Jt Open. 2(2):125-33, 2021
                                        2. Agaram NP et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst. In Fletcher CDM et al: World Health Organization Classification of Tumors: Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 437-9, 2020
                                        3. Zishan US et al: The differentiation between aneurysmal bone cyst and telangiectatic osteosarcoma: a clinical, radiographic and MRI study. Skeletal Radiol. 49(9):1375-86, 2020
                                        4. Alhumaid I et al: Denosumab therapy in the management of aneurysmal bone cysts: a comprehensive literature review. Cureus. 11(1):e3989, 2019
                                        5. Doyle A et al: Recurrent aneurysmal bone cyst of the cervical spine in childhood treated with doxycycline injection. Skeletal Radiol.44(4):609-12, 2015
                                        6. Boriani S et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine: treatment options and considerations. J Neurooncol. 120(1):171-8, 2014
                                        7. Chung JW et al: Secondary aneurysmal bone cystic change of the chondroblastoma, mistaken for a primary aneurysmal bone cyst in the patella. Knee Surg Relat Res. 26(1):48-51, 2014
                                        8. Pauli C et al: Response of an aggressive periosteal aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of the radius to denosumab therapy. World J Surg Oncol. 12:17, 2014
                                        9. Reddy KI et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts: do simple treatments work? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 472(6):1901-10, 2014
                                        10. Marushima A et al: Selective arterial embolization with n-butyl cyanoacrylate in the treatment of aneursymal bone cyst of the thoracic vertebra: a case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(6):E230-4, 2009
                                        11. Ruggieri P et al: Tumours and tumour-like lesions of the hip in the paediatric age: a review of the Rizzoli experience. Hip Int. 19 Suppl 6:S35-45, 2009
                                        12. Burch S et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 19(1):41-7, 2008
                                        13. Lin PP et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts recur at juxtaphyseal locations in skeletally immature patients. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 466(3):722-8, 2008
                                        14. Rodallec MH et al: Diagnostic imaging of solitary tumors of the spine: what to do and say. Radiographics. 28(4):1019-41, 2008
                                        15. Başarir K et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst recurrence in children: a review of 56 patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 27(8):938-43, 2007
                                        16. Cottalorda J et al: Modern concepts of primary aneurysmal bone cyst. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 127(2):105-14, 2007
                                        17. Ellison DA et al: Soft-tissue aneurysmal bone cyst: report of a case with t(5;17)(q33;p13). Pediatr Dev Pathol. 10(1):46-9, 2007
                                        18. Kenney B et al: Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst with a novel (X;9) translocation. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 178(2):155-9, 2007
                                        19. Lampasi M et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts of the distal fibula in children: long-term results of curettage and resection in nine patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 89(10):1356-62, 2007
                                        20. Cottalorda J et al: Current treatments of primary aneurysmal bone cysts. J Pediatr Orthop B. 15(3):155-67, 2006
                                        21. Mendenhall WM et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst. Am J Clin Oncol. 29(3):311-5, 2006
                                        22. Rastogi S et al: Treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts with percutaneous sclerotherapy using polidocanol. A review of 72 cases with long-term follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 88(9):1212-6, 2006
                                        23. Van Dyck P et al: Prevalence, extension and characteristics of fluid-fluid levels in bone and soft tissue tumors. Eur Radiol. 16(12):2644-51, 2006
                                        24. Ilaslan H et al: Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cysts in long tubular bones: giant cell reparative granuloma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(6):1681-7, 2003
                                        25. Kransdorf MJ et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst: concept, controversy, clinical presentation, and imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 164(3):573-80, 1995
                                        26. Vergel De Dios AM et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst. A clinicopathologic study of 238 cases. Cancer. 69(12):2921-31, 1992
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Clinical Issues

                                              • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                TERMINOLOGY

                                                • Abbreviations

                                                  • Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)

                                                • Synonyms

                                                  • Multilocular hematic cyst, giant cell reparative granuloma of small bone

                                                • Definitions

                                                  • Benign cystic neoplasm of bone composed of blood-filled spaces separated by connective tissue septa
                                                  • Term secondary ABC has been replaced with ABC-like change when associated with other bone tumors

                                                IMAGING

                                                • General Features

                                                  • Radiographic Findings

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Consider

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Bavan L et al: Efficacy of treatment interventions for primary aneurysmal bone cysts: a systematic review. Bone Jt Open. 2(2):125-33, 2021
                                                                              2. Agaram NP et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst. In Fletcher CDM et al: World Health Organization Classification of Tumors: Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 437-9, 2020
                                                                              3. Zishan US et al: The differentiation between aneurysmal bone cyst and telangiectatic osteosarcoma: a clinical, radiographic and MRI study. Skeletal Radiol. 49(9):1375-86, 2020
                                                                              4. Alhumaid I et al: Denosumab therapy in the management of aneurysmal bone cysts: a comprehensive literature review. Cureus. 11(1):e3989, 2019
                                                                              5. Doyle A et al: Recurrent aneurysmal bone cyst of the cervical spine in childhood treated with doxycycline injection. Skeletal Radiol.44(4):609-12, 2015
                                                                              6. Boriani S et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine: treatment options and considerations. J Neurooncol. 120(1):171-8, 2014
                                                                              7. Chung JW et al: Secondary aneurysmal bone cystic change of the chondroblastoma, mistaken for a primary aneurysmal bone cyst in the patella. Knee Surg Relat Res. 26(1):48-51, 2014
                                                                              8. Pauli C et al: Response of an aggressive periosteal aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of the radius to denosumab therapy. World J Surg Oncol. 12:17, 2014
                                                                              9. Reddy KI et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts: do simple treatments work? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 472(6):1901-10, 2014
                                                                              10. Marushima A et al: Selective arterial embolization with n-butyl cyanoacrylate in the treatment of aneursymal bone cyst of the thoracic vertebra: a case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(6):E230-4, 2009
                                                                              11. Ruggieri P et al: Tumours and tumour-like lesions of the hip in the paediatric age: a review of the Rizzoli experience. Hip Int. 19 Suppl 6:S35-45, 2009
                                                                              12. Burch S et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 19(1):41-7, 2008
                                                                              13. Lin PP et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts recur at juxtaphyseal locations in skeletally immature patients. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 466(3):722-8, 2008
                                                                              14. Rodallec MH et al: Diagnostic imaging of solitary tumors of the spine: what to do and say. Radiographics. 28(4):1019-41, 2008
                                                                              15. Başarir K et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst recurrence in children: a review of 56 patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 27(8):938-43, 2007
                                                                              16. Cottalorda J et al: Modern concepts of primary aneurysmal bone cyst. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 127(2):105-14, 2007
                                                                              17. Ellison DA et al: Soft-tissue aneurysmal bone cyst: report of a case with t(5;17)(q33;p13). Pediatr Dev Pathol. 10(1):46-9, 2007
                                                                              18. Kenney B et al: Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst with a novel (X;9) translocation. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 178(2):155-9, 2007
                                                                              19. Lampasi M et al: Aneurysmal bone cysts of the distal fibula in children: long-term results of curettage and resection in nine patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 89(10):1356-62, 2007
                                                                              20. Cottalorda J et al: Current treatments of primary aneurysmal bone cysts. J Pediatr Orthop B. 15(3):155-67, 2006
                                                                              21. Mendenhall WM et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst. Am J Clin Oncol. 29(3):311-5, 2006
                                                                              22. Rastogi S et al: Treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts with percutaneous sclerotherapy using polidocanol. A review of 72 cases with long-term follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 88(9):1212-6, 2006
                                                                              23. Van Dyck P et al: Prevalence, extension and characteristics of fluid-fluid levels in bone and soft tissue tumors. Eur Radiol. 16(12):2644-51, 2006
                                                                              24. Ilaslan H et al: Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cysts in long tubular bones: giant cell reparative granuloma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 180(6):1681-7, 2003
                                                                              25. Kransdorf MJ et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst: concept, controversy, clinical presentation, and imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 164(3):573-80, 1995
                                                                              26. Vergel De Dios AM et al: Aneurysmal bone cyst. A clinicopathologic study of 238 cases. Cancer. 69(12):2921-31, 1992