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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Traumatic aortic injury (TAI), blunt aortic injury (BAI)
Definitions
- Intramural hematoma: Isolated circumferential or crescentic thickening of aortic wall without intimal injury
- Intimal tear: Small, isolated injury to intimal layer of aorta without external aortic contour abnormality; linear intimal defect &/or associated thrombus < 10 mm
- Large intimal flap: Larger intimal injury than tear but still without external aortic contour abnormality; linear intimal defect &/or associated thrombus > 10 mm
- Pseudoaneurysm: Focally contained outpouching of aortic lumen causing external aortic contour abnormality
- Rupture: Uncontained dissection causing external aortic contour abnormality with extraluminal contrast (extravasation)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Brinkman AS et al: Evolution in management of adolescent blunt aortic injuries--a single institution 22-y experience. J Surg Res. 193(2):523-7, 2015
- Tashiro J et al: Mechanism and mortality of pediatric aortic injuries. J Surg Res. 198(2):456-61, 2015
- Starnes BW et al: A new classification scheme for treating blunt aortic injury. J Vasc Surg. 55(1):47-54, 2012
- Aladham F et al: Traumatic aortic injury: computerized tomographic findings at presentation and after conservative therapy. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 34(3):388-94, 2010
- Barmparas G et al: Pediatric vs adult vascular trauma: a National Trauma Databank review. J Pediatr Surg. 45(7):1404-12, 2010
- Pabon-Ramos WM et al: Radiologic evaluation of blunt thoracic aortic injury in pediatric patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(5):1197-203, 2010
- Moore MA et al: The imaging of paediatric thoracic trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 39(5):485-96, 2009
- Bruckner BA et al: Critical evaluation of chest computed tomography scans for blunt descending thoracic aortic injury. Ann Thorac Surg. 81(4):1339-46, 2006
- Murala JS et al: Traumatic rupture of the aorta in children--stenting or surgical intervention? A word of caution. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 132(3):731-2; author reply 732, 2006
- Heckman SR et al: Risk factors for blunt thoracic aortic injury in children. J Pediatr Surg. 40(1):98-102, 2005
- Milas ZL et al: Pediatric blunt trauma resulting in major arterial injuries. Am Surg. 70(5):443-7, 2004
- McGwin G Jr et al: Incidence and characteristics of motor vehicle collision-related blunt thoracic aortic injury according to age. J Trauma. 52(5):859-65; discussion 865-6, 2002
- Lowe LH et al: Traumatic aortic injuries in children: radiologic evaluation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 170(1):39-42, 1998
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Traumatic aortic injury (TAI), blunt aortic injury (BAI)
Definitions
- Intramural hematoma: Isolated circumferential or crescentic thickening of aortic wall without intimal injury
- Intimal tear: Small, isolated injury to intimal layer of aorta without external aortic contour abnormality; linear intimal defect &/or associated thrombus < 10 mm
- Large intimal flap: Larger intimal injury than tear but still without external aortic contour abnormality; linear intimal defect &/or associated thrombus > 10 mm
- Pseudoaneurysm: Focally contained outpouching of aortic lumen causing external aortic contour abnormality
- Rupture: Uncontained dissection causing external aortic contour abnormality with extraluminal contrast (extravasation)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Brinkman AS et al: Evolution in management of adolescent blunt aortic injuries--a single institution 22-y experience. J Surg Res. 193(2):523-7, 2015
- Tashiro J et al: Mechanism and mortality of pediatric aortic injuries. J Surg Res. 198(2):456-61, 2015
- Starnes BW et al: A new classification scheme for treating blunt aortic injury. J Vasc Surg. 55(1):47-54, 2012
- Aladham F et al: Traumatic aortic injury: computerized tomographic findings at presentation and after conservative therapy. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 34(3):388-94, 2010
- Barmparas G et al: Pediatric vs adult vascular trauma: a National Trauma Databank review. J Pediatr Surg. 45(7):1404-12, 2010
- Pabon-Ramos WM et al: Radiologic evaluation of blunt thoracic aortic injury in pediatric patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(5):1197-203, 2010
- Moore MA et al: The imaging of paediatric thoracic trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 39(5):485-96, 2009
- Bruckner BA et al: Critical evaluation of chest computed tomography scans for blunt descending thoracic aortic injury. Ann Thorac Surg. 81(4):1339-46, 2006
- Murala JS et al: Traumatic rupture of the aorta in children--stenting or surgical intervention? A word of caution. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 132(3):731-2; author reply 732, 2006
- Heckman SR et al: Risk factors for blunt thoracic aortic injury in children. J Pediatr Surg. 40(1):98-102, 2005
- Milas ZL et al: Pediatric blunt trauma resulting in major arterial injuries. Am Surg. 70(5):443-7, 2004
- McGwin G Jr et al: Incidence and characteristics of motor vehicle collision-related blunt thoracic aortic injury according to age. J Trauma. 52(5):859-65; discussion 865-6, 2002
- Lowe LH et al: Traumatic aortic injuries in children: radiologic evaluation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 170(1):39-42, 1998
