Fx or avulsion of vertebral ring apophysis (RA) following injury in immature skeleton
Fx of anterior ring termed LV
Fx of posterior ring termed posterior apophyseal ring Fx (PAR-Fx)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Conlee EM et al: Posterior vertebral endplate fractures: a retrospective study on a rare etiology of back pain in youth and young adults. PM R. 11(6):619-30, 2019
Zheng ZZ et al: Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation with posterior ring apophysis fracture: a retrospective study. World Neurosurg. ePub, 2018
Singhal A et al: Ring apophysis fracture in pediatric lumbar disc herniation: a common entity. Pediatr Neurosurg. 49(1):16-20, 2013
Wu X et al: A review of current treatment of lumbar posterior ring apophysis fracture with lumbar disc herniation. Eur Spine J. 22(3):475-88, 2013
Wu XY et al: Posterior lumbar ring apophysis fracture. Orthop Surg. 3(1):72-7, 2011
Chang CH et al: Clinical significance of ring apophysis fracture in adolescent lumbar disc herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 33(16):1750-4, 2008
Sairyo K et al: Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the pediatric lumbar spine. Part I: pathomechanism of apophyseal bony ring fracture. Eur Spine J. 15(6):923-9, 2006
Asazuma T et al: Lumbar disc herniation associated with separation of the posterior ring apophysis: analysis of five surgical cases and review of the literature. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 145(6):461-6; discussion 466, 2003
Mendez JS et al: Limbus lumbar and sacral vertebral fractures. Neurol Res. 24(2):139-44, 2002
Bonic EE et al: Posterior limbus fractures: five case reports and a review of selected published cases. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 21(4):281-7, 1998
Martinez-Lage JF et al: Avulsed lumbar vertebral rim plate in an adolescent: trauma or malformation? Childs Nerv Syst. 14(3):131-4, 1998
Swischuk LE et al: Disk degenerative disease in childhood: Scheuermann's disease, Schmorl's nodes, and the limbus vertebra: MRI findings in 12 patients. Pediatr Radiol. 28(5):334-8, 1998
Talha A et al: Fracture of the vertebral limbus. Eur Spine J. 6(5):347-50, 1997
Fx or avulsion of vertebral ring apophysis (RA) following injury in immature skeleton
Fx of anterior ring termed LV
Fx of posterior ring termed posterior apophyseal ring Fx (PAR-Fx)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Other Modality Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Conlee EM et al: Posterior vertebral endplate fractures: a retrospective study on a rare etiology of back pain in youth and young adults. PM R. 11(6):619-30, 2019
Zheng ZZ et al: Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation with posterior ring apophysis fracture: a retrospective study. World Neurosurg. ePub, 2018
Singhal A et al: Ring apophysis fracture in pediatric lumbar disc herniation: a common entity. Pediatr Neurosurg. 49(1):16-20, 2013
Wu X et al: A review of current treatment of lumbar posterior ring apophysis fracture with lumbar disc herniation. Eur Spine J. 22(3):475-88, 2013
Wu XY et al: Posterior lumbar ring apophysis fracture. Orthop Surg. 3(1):72-7, 2011
Chang CH et al: Clinical significance of ring apophysis fracture in adolescent lumbar disc herniation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 33(16):1750-4, 2008
Sairyo K et al: Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the pediatric lumbar spine. Part I: pathomechanism of apophyseal bony ring fracture. Eur Spine J. 15(6):923-9, 2006
Asazuma T et al: Lumbar disc herniation associated with separation of the posterior ring apophysis: analysis of five surgical cases and review of the literature. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 145(6):461-6; discussion 466, 2003
Mendez JS et al: Limbus lumbar and sacral vertebral fractures. Neurol Res. 24(2):139-44, 2002
Bonic EE et al: Posterior limbus fractures: five case reports and a review of selected published cases. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 21(4):281-7, 1998
Martinez-Lage JF et al: Avulsed lumbar vertebral rim plate in an adolescent: trauma or malformation? Childs Nerv Syst. 14(3):131-4, 1998
Swischuk LE et al: Disk degenerative disease in childhood: Scheuermann's disease, Schmorl's nodes, and the limbus vertebra: MRI findings in 12 patients. Pediatr Radiol. 28(5):334-8, 1998
Talha A et al: Fracture of the vertebral limbus. Eur Spine J. 6(5):347-50, 1997
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