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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Acute appendiceal inflammation due to luminal obstruction and superimposed infection
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Mahankali SK et al: CT based acute appendicitis severity index for acute appendicitis and validate its effectiveness in predicting complicated appendicitis. Emerg Radiol. ePub, 2021
- Kave M et al: Pregnancy and appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the clinical use of MRI in diagnosis of appendicitis in pregnant women. World J Emerg Surg. 14:37, 2019
- Mervak BM et al: MRI in pregnancy: indications and practical considerations. J Magn Reson Imaging. 49(3):621-31, 2019
- Mervak BM et al: MRI of acute appendicitis. J Magn Reson Imaging. 50(5):1367-76, 2019
- Poletti PA et al: Suspicion of appendicitis in pregnant women: emergency evaluation by sonography and low-dose CT with oral contrast. Eur Radiol. 29(1):345-52, 2019
- Quadri R et al: Comprehensive review of typical and atypical pathology of the appendix on CT: cases with clinical implications. Clin Imaging. 53:65-77, 2019
- Rud B et al: Computed tomography for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019(11), 2019
- Tang SJ et al: Positive oral contrast solution at MDCT for suspected acute appendicitis in adults: rate of appendiceal luminal filling of normal and inflamed appendixes. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1-7, 2019
- Tyler PD et al: The potential role of ultrasound in the work-up of appendicitis in the emergency department. J Emerg Med. 56(2):191-6, 2019
- Expert Panel on Gastrointestinal Imaging et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® right lower quadrant pain-suspected appendicitis. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(11S):S373-87, 2018
- Shin I et al: Optimisation of the MR protocol in pregnant women with suspected acute appendicitis. Eur Radiol. 28(2):514-21, 2018
- Kinner S et al: Diagnostic accuracy of MRI versus CT for the evaluation of acute appendicitis in children and young adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(4):911-19, 2017
- Yun SJ et al: Comparison of low- and standard-dose CT for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: A meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 208(6):W198-207, 2017
- Hines JJ et al: Beyond appendicitis; radiologic review of unusual and rare pathology of the appendix. Abdom Radiol (NY). 41(3):568-81, 2016
- Bhangu A et al: Acute appendicitis: modern understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Lancet. 386(10000):1278-87, 2015
- Kim Y et al: Increasing utilization of abdominal CT in the emergency department of a secondary care center: does it produce better outcomes in caring for pediatric surgical patients? Ann Surg Treat Res. 87(5):239-44, 2014
- Smith MP et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® right lower quadrant pain-suspected appendicitis. Ultrasound Q. 31(2):85-91, 2014
- Garcia K et al: Suspected appendicitis in children: diagnostic importance of normal abdominopelvic CT findings with nonvisualized appendix. Radiology. 250(2):531-7, 2009
- Wan MJ et al: Acute appendicitis in young children: cost-effectiveness of US versus CT in diagnosis--a Markov decision analytic model. Radiology. 250(2):378-86, 2009
- Brown MA: Imaging acute appendicitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 29(5):293-307, 2008
- Singh AK et al: Dropped appendicolith: CT findings and implications for management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(3):707-11, 2008
- van Randen A et al: Acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of CT and graded compression US related to prevalence of disease. Radiology. 249(1):97-106, 2008
- Doria AS et al: US or CT for diagnosis of appendicitis in children and adults? A meta-analysis. Radiology. 241(1):83-94, 2006
- Oto A et al: Right-lower-quadrant pain and suspected appendicitis in pregnant women: evaluation with MR imaging--initial experience. Radiology. 234(2):445-51, 2005
- Paulson EK et al: Acute appendicitis: added diagnostic value of coronal reformations from isotropic voxels at multi-detector row CT. Radiology. 235(3):879-85, 2005
- Andersson RE: Meta-analysis of the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of appendicitis. Br J Surg. 91(1):28-37, 2004
- Kessler N et al: Appendicitis: evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of US, Doppler US, and laboratory findings. Radiology. 230(2):472-8, 2004
- Horrow MM et al: Differentiation of perforated from nonperforated appendicitis at CT. Radiology. 227(1):46-51, 2003
- Jacobs JE et al: CT imaging in acute appendicitis: techniques and controversies. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 24(2):96-100, 2003
- Lee JH: Sonography of acute appendicitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 24(2):83-90, 2003
- Macari M et al: The acute right lower quadrant: CT evaluation. Radiol Clin North Am. 41(6):1117-36, 2003
- Neumayer L et al: Imaging in appendicitis: a review with special emphasis on the treatment of women. Obstet Gynecol. 102(6):1404-9, 2003
- O'Malley ME et al: US of gastrointestinal tract abnormalities with CT correlation. Radiographics. 23(1):59-72, 2003
- Paulson EK et al: Clinical practice. Suspected appendicitis. N Engl J Med. 348(3):236-42, 2003
- Puylaert JB: Ultrasonography of the acute abdomen: gastrointestinal conditions. Radiol Clin North Am. 41(6):1227-42, vii, 2003
- Wijetunga R et al: The CT diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 24(2):101-6, 2003
- Bendeck SE et al: Imaging for suspected appendicitis: negative appendectomy and perforation rates. Radiology. 225(1):131-6, 2002
- Callahan MJ et al: CT of appendicitis in children. Radiology. 224(2):325-32, 2002
- Raman SS et al: Accuracy of nonfocused helical CT for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: a 5-year review. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 178(6):1319-25, 2002
- Jones PF: Suspected acute appendicitis: trends in management over 30 years. Br J Surg. 88(12):1570-7, 2001
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
- Acute appendiceal inflammation due to luminal obstruction and superimposed infection
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Mahankali SK et al: CT based acute appendicitis severity index for acute appendicitis and validate its effectiveness in predicting complicated appendicitis. Emerg Radiol. ePub, 2021
- Kave M et al: Pregnancy and appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the clinical use of MRI in diagnosis of appendicitis in pregnant women. World J Emerg Surg. 14:37, 2019
- Mervak BM et al: MRI in pregnancy: indications and practical considerations. J Magn Reson Imaging. 49(3):621-31, 2019
- Mervak BM et al: MRI of acute appendicitis. J Magn Reson Imaging. 50(5):1367-76, 2019
- Poletti PA et al: Suspicion of appendicitis in pregnant women: emergency evaluation by sonography and low-dose CT with oral contrast. Eur Radiol. 29(1):345-52, 2019
- Quadri R et al: Comprehensive review of typical and atypical pathology of the appendix on CT: cases with clinical implications. Clin Imaging. 53:65-77, 2019
- Rud B et al: Computed tomography for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019(11), 2019
- Tang SJ et al: Positive oral contrast solution at MDCT for suspected acute appendicitis in adults: rate of appendiceal luminal filling of normal and inflamed appendixes. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1-7, 2019
- Tyler PD et al: The potential role of ultrasound in the work-up of appendicitis in the emergency department. J Emerg Med. 56(2):191-6, 2019
- Expert Panel on Gastrointestinal Imaging et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® right lower quadrant pain-suspected appendicitis. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(11S):S373-87, 2018
- Shin I et al: Optimisation of the MR protocol in pregnant women with suspected acute appendicitis. Eur Radiol. 28(2):514-21, 2018
- Kinner S et al: Diagnostic accuracy of MRI versus CT for the evaluation of acute appendicitis in children and young adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(4):911-19, 2017
- Yun SJ et al: Comparison of low- and standard-dose CT for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: A meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 208(6):W198-207, 2017
- Hines JJ et al: Beyond appendicitis; radiologic review of unusual and rare pathology of the appendix. Abdom Radiol (NY). 41(3):568-81, 2016
- Bhangu A et al: Acute appendicitis: modern understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Lancet. 386(10000):1278-87, 2015
- Kim Y et al: Increasing utilization of abdominal CT in the emergency department of a secondary care center: does it produce better outcomes in caring for pediatric surgical patients? Ann Surg Treat Res. 87(5):239-44, 2014
- Smith MP et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® right lower quadrant pain-suspected appendicitis. Ultrasound Q. 31(2):85-91, 2014
- Garcia K et al: Suspected appendicitis in children: diagnostic importance of normal abdominopelvic CT findings with nonvisualized appendix. Radiology. 250(2):531-7, 2009
- Wan MJ et al: Acute appendicitis in young children: cost-effectiveness of US versus CT in diagnosis--a Markov decision analytic model. Radiology. 250(2):378-86, 2009
- Brown MA: Imaging acute appendicitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 29(5):293-307, 2008
- Singh AK et al: Dropped appendicolith: CT findings and implications for management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(3):707-11, 2008
- van Randen A et al: Acute appendicitis: meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of CT and graded compression US related to prevalence of disease. Radiology. 249(1):97-106, 2008
- Doria AS et al: US or CT for diagnosis of appendicitis in children and adults? A meta-analysis. Radiology. 241(1):83-94, 2006
- Oto A et al: Right-lower-quadrant pain and suspected appendicitis in pregnant women: evaluation with MR imaging--initial experience. Radiology. 234(2):445-51, 2005
- Paulson EK et al: Acute appendicitis: added diagnostic value of coronal reformations from isotropic voxels at multi-detector row CT. Radiology. 235(3):879-85, 2005
- Andersson RE: Meta-analysis of the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of appendicitis. Br J Surg. 91(1):28-37, 2004
- Kessler N et al: Appendicitis: evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of US, Doppler US, and laboratory findings. Radiology. 230(2):472-8, 2004
- Horrow MM et al: Differentiation of perforated from nonperforated appendicitis at CT. Radiology. 227(1):46-51, 2003
- Jacobs JE et al: CT imaging in acute appendicitis: techniques and controversies. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 24(2):96-100, 2003
- Lee JH: Sonography of acute appendicitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 24(2):83-90, 2003
- Macari M et al: The acute right lower quadrant: CT evaluation. Radiol Clin North Am. 41(6):1117-36, 2003
- Neumayer L et al: Imaging in appendicitis: a review with special emphasis on the treatment of women. Obstet Gynecol. 102(6):1404-9, 2003
- O'Malley ME et al: US of gastrointestinal tract abnormalities with CT correlation. Radiographics. 23(1):59-72, 2003
- Paulson EK et al: Clinical practice. Suspected appendicitis. N Engl J Med. 348(3):236-42, 2003
- Puylaert JB: Ultrasonography of the acute abdomen: gastrointestinal conditions. Radiol Clin North Am. 41(6):1227-42, vii, 2003
- Wijetunga R et al: The CT diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 24(2):101-6, 2003
- Bendeck SE et al: Imaging for suspected appendicitis: negative appendectomy and perforation rates. Radiology. 225(1):131-6, 2002
- Callahan MJ et al: CT of appendicitis in children. Radiology. 224(2):325-32, 2002
- Raman SS et al: Accuracy of nonfocused helical CT for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: a 5-year review. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 178(6):1319-25, 2002
- Jones PF: Suspected acute appendicitis: trends in management over 30 years. Br J Surg. 88(12):1570-7, 2001
