link
Bookmarks
Pediatrics
Diagnosis
Brain
Traumatic and Vascular Lesions
Arteriovenous Malformation
Arteriovenous Malformation
Luke L. Linscott, MD
To access 4,300 diagnoses written by the world's leading experts in radiology.Try it free - 15 days
0
21
8
8

KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Arteriovenous malformation (AVM): High-flow vascular malformation with AV shunting through complex nidus of arterioles & venules (without intervening capillary bed)

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Angiographic Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        Selected References

                                        1. de Castro-Afonso LH et al: Association between draining vein diameters and intracranial arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage: a multicentric retrospective study. Neuroradiology. 62(11):1497-505, 2020
                                        2. Hong S et al: Long-term outcomes in pediatric unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation treated by nonconservative management: a single center analysis. Childs Nerv Syst. 35(8):1363-9, 2019
                                        3. Ai X et al: The factors associated with hemorrhagic presentation in children with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 23(3):343-54, 2018
                                        4. Huang Z et al: A reanalysis of predictors for the risk of hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformation. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 27(8):2082-7, 2018
                                        5. Hodel J et al: Intracranial arteriovenous shunting: detection with arterial spin-labeling and susceptibility-weighted imaging combined. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 38(1):71-6, 2017
                                        6. Jimenez JE et al: Role of follow-up imaging after resection of brain arteriovenous malformations in pediatric patients: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 19(2):149-56, 2017
                                        7. Kodera T et al: Evaluation of obliteration of arteriovenous malformations after stereotactic radiosurgery with arterial spin labeling MR imaging. Br J Neurosurg. 31(6):641-7, 2017
                                        8. Ma L et al: Subsequent haemorrhage in children with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation: higher risk with unbalanced inflow and outflow angioarchitecture. Eur Radiol. 27(7):2868-76, 2017
                                        9. Magro E et al: Responses to ARUBA: a systematic review and critical analysis for the design of future arteriovenous malformation trials. J Neurosurg. 1-9, 2016
                                        10. Mohr JP et al: Medical management with or without interventional therapy for unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (ARUBA): a multicentre, non-blinded, randomised trial. Lancet. 383(9917):614-21, 2014
                                        11. Gross BA et al: Natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 118(2):437-43, 2013
                                        12. Laakso A et al: Arteriovenous malformations: epidemiology and clinical presentation. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):1-6, 2012
                                        13. Mossa-Basha M et al: Imaging of cerebral arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):27-42, 2012
                                        14. Pradilla G et al: Surgical treatment of cranial arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):105-22, 2012
                                        15. Radvany MG et al: Endovascular treatment of cranial arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):123-31, 2012
                                        16. Schuster L et al: Changes in AVM angio-architecture and hemodynamics after stereotactic radiosurgery assessed by dynamic MRA and phase contrast flow assessments: a prospective follow-up study. Eur Radiol. 21(6):1267-76, 2011
                                        17. Wong GK et al: Computed tomographic angiography and venography for young or nonhypertensive patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 42(1):211-3, 2011
                                        18. Niazi TN et al: Diagnosis and management of arteriovenous malformations in children. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 21(3):443-56, 2010
                                        19. Cohen-Gadol AA et al: Radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations in children. J Neurosurg. 104(6 Suppl):388-91, 2006
                                        20. Vikkula M et al: Molecular genetics of vascular malformations. Matrix Biol. 20(5-6):327-35, 2001
                                        21. Di Rocco C et al: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations in children. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 142(2):145-56; discussion 156-8, 2000
                                        22. Rodesch G et al: Nongalenic cerebral arteriovenous malformations in neonates and infants. Review of 26 consecutive cases (1982-1992). Childs Nerv Syst. 11(4):231-41, 1995
                                        Related Anatomy
                                        Loading...
                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
                                        Loading...
                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Pathology

                                              • Clinical Issues

                                                TERMINOLOGY

                                                • Definitions

                                                  • Arteriovenous malformation (AVM): High-flow vascular malformation with AV shunting through complex nidus of arterioles & venules (without intervening capillary bed)

                                                IMAGING

                                                • General Features

                                                  • CT Findings

                                                    • MR Findings

                                                      • Angiographic Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                            PATHOLOGY

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. de Castro-Afonso LH et al: Association between draining vein diameters and intracranial arteriovenous malformation hemorrhage: a multicentric retrospective study. Neuroradiology. 62(11):1497-505, 2020
                                                                              2. Hong S et al: Long-term outcomes in pediatric unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation treated by nonconservative management: a single center analysis. Childs Nerv Syst. 35(8):1363-9, 2019
                                                                              3. Ai X et al: The factors associated with hemorrhagic presentation in children with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 23(3):343-54, 2018
                                                                              4. Huang Z et al: A reanalysis of predictors for the risk of hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformation. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 27(8):2082-7, 2018
                                                                              5. Hodel J et al: Intracranial arteriovenous shunting: detection with arterial spin-labeling and susceptibility-weighted imaging combined. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 38(1):71-6, 2017
                                                                              6. Jimenez JE et al: Role of follow-up imaging after resection of brain arteriovenous malformations in pediatric patients: a systematic review of the literature. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 19(2):149-56, 2017
                                                                              7. Kodera T et al: Evaluation of obliteration of arteriovenous malformations after stereotactic radiosurgery with arterial spin labeling MR imaging. Br J Neurosurg. 31(6):641-7, 2017
                                                                              8. Ma L et al: Subsequent haemorrhage in children with untreated brain arteriovenous malformation: higher risk with unbalanced inflow and outflow angioarchitecture. Eur Radiol. 27(7):2868-76, 2017
                                                                              9. Magro E et al: Responses to ARUBA: a systematic review and critical analysis for the design of future arteriovenous malformation trials. J Neurosurg. 1-9, 2016
                                                                              10. Mohr JP et al: Medical management with or without interventional therapy for unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (ARUBA): a multicentre, non-blinded, randomised trial. Lancet. 383(9917):614-21, 2014
                                                                              11. Gross BA et al: Natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 118(2):437-43, 2013
                                                                              12. Laakso A et al: Arteriovenous malformations: epidemiology and clinical presentation. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):1-6, 2012
                                                                              13. Mossa-Basha M et al: Imaging of cerebral arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):27-42, 2012
                                                                              14. Pradilla G et al: Surgical treatment of cranial arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):105-22, 2012
                                                                              15. Radvany MG et al: Endovascular treatment of cranial arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 23(1):123-31, 2012
                                                                              16. Schuster L et al: Changes in AVM angio-architecture and hemodynamics after stereotactic radiosurgery assessed by dynamic MRA and phase contrast flow assessments: a prospective follow-up study. Eur Radiol. 21(6):1267-76, 2011
                                                                              17. Wong GK et al: Computed tomographic angiography and venography for young or nonhypertensive patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 42(1):211-3, 2011
                                                                              18. Niazi TN et al: Diagnosis and management of arteriovenous malformations in children. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 21(3):443-56, 2010
                                                                              19. Cohen-Gadol AA et al: Radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformations in children. J Neurosurg. 104(6 Suppl):388-91, 2006
                                                                              20. Vikkula M et al: Molecular genetics of vascular malformations. Matrix Biol. 20(5-6):327-35, 2001
                                                                              21. Di Rocco C et al: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations in children. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 142(2):145-56; discussion 156-8, 2000
                                                                              22. Rodesch G et al: Nongalenic cerebral arteriovenous malformations in neonates and infants. Review of 26 consecutive cases (1982-1992). Childs Nerv Syst. 11(4):231-41, 1995