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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Airway hyperreactivity
- Reactive airways disease
Definitions
- Chronic disease characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reversible airway obstruction, & chronic airway inflammation
- Umbrella term for numerous phenotypes in which normally harmless environmental allergens lead to pathologic immune-mediated host response (i.e., not single disease)
- Airway hyperresponsiveness → contraction of bronchial wall smooth muscle & cascade of inflammation → acute, reversible airway narrowing & airflow obstruction
- United airway disease (UAD): Concept that upper & lower airways function immunologically as single organ
- Overwhelming majority of asthmatics have rhinitis; less commonly, nasal polyps & other sinonasal disorders
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Silva TKBD et al: High-resolution CT pulmonary findings in children with severe asthma. J Pediatr (Rio J). 97(1):37-43, 2020
- Dharmage SC et al: Epidemiology of asthma in children and adults. Front Pediatr. 7:246, 2019
- Wu J et al: Effects of particulate matter (PM) on childhood asthma exacerbation and control in Xiamen, China. BMC Pediatr. 19(1):194, 2019
- Keet CA et al: Long-Term coarse particulate matter exposure is associated with asthma among children in medicaid. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 197(6):737-46, 2018
- Loewen K et al: Prenatal antibiotic exposure and childhood asthma: a population-based study. Eur Respir J. 52(1), 2018
- Yii ACA et al: Precision medicine in united airways disease: a "treatable traits" approach. Allergy. 73(10):1964-78, 2018
- Ash SY et al: The role of imaging in the assessment of severe asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 23(1):97-102, 2017
- Trivedi A et al: Using imaging as a biomarker for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 139(1):1-10, 2017
- Wu P et al: Relative importance and additive effects of maternal and infant risk factors on childhood asthma. PLoS One. 11(3):e0151705, 2016
- Narayanan S et al: Relevance of chest radiography in pediatric inpatients with asthma. J Asthma. 51(7):751-5, 2014
- Szefler SJ et al: Asthma across the ages: knowledge gaps in childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 133(1):3-13; quiz 14, 2014
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Airway hyperreactivity
- Reactive airways disease
Definitions
- Chronic disease characterized by bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reversible airway obstruction, & chronic airway inflammation
- Umbrella term for numerous phenotypes in which normally harmless environmental allergens lead to pathologic immune-mediated host response (i.e., not single disease)
- Airway hyperresponsiveness → contraction of bronchial wall smooth muscle & cascade of inflammation → acute, reversible airway narrowing & airflow obstruction
- United airway disease (UAD): Concept that upper & lower airways function immunologically as single organ
- Overwhelming majority of asthmatics have rhinitis; less commonly, nasal polyps & other sinonasal disorders
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Silva TKBD et al: High-resolution CT pulmonary findings in children with severe asthma. J Pediatr (Rio J). 97(1):37-43, 2020
- Dharmage SC et al: Epidemiology of asthma in children and adults. Front Pediatr. 7:246, 2019
- Wu J et al: Effects of particulate matter (PM) on childhood asthma exacerbation and control in Xiamen, China. BMC Pediatr. 19(1):194, 2019
- Keet CA et al: Long-Term coarse particulate matter exposure is associated with asthma among children in medicaid. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 197(6):737-46, 2018
- Loewen K et al: Prenatal antibiotic exposure and childhood asthma: a population-based study. Eur Respir J. 52(1), 2018
- Yii ACA et al: Precision medicine in united airways disease: a "treatable traits" approach. Allergy. 73(10):1964-78, 2018
- Ash SY et al: The role of imaging in the assessment of severe asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 23(1):97-102, 2017
- Trivedi A et al: Using imaging as a biomarker for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 139(1):1-10, 2017
- Wu P et al: Relative importance and additive effects of maternal and infant risk factors on childhood asthma. PLoS One. 11(3):e0151705, 2016
- Narayanan S et al: Relevance of chest radiography in pediatric inpatients with asthma. J Asthma. 51(7):751-5, 2014
- Szefler SJ et al: Asthma across the ages: knowledge gaps in childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 133(1):3-13; quiz 14, 2014
