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Atherosclerosis, Extracranial
Bronwyn E. Hamilton, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD)
            • Definitions

              • Degenerative process resulting from plasma lipid deposition in arterial walls

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Ultrasonographic Findings

                    • Angiographic Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                • Microscopic Features

                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                  • Presentation

                                    • Demographics

                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                        • Treatment

                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                          • Consider

                                            Selected References

                                            1. Arora S et al: Optimal carotid artery coverage for carotid plaque CT-imaging in predicting ischemic stroke. J Neuroradiol. 37(2):98-103, 2010
                                            2. Babiarz LS et al: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography is not more accurate than unenhanced 2D time-of-flight MR angiography for determining > or = 70% internal carotid artery stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):761-8, 2009
                                            3. Ota H et al: Hemorrhage and large lipid-rich necrotic cores are independently associated with thin or ruptured fibrous caps: an in vivo 3T MRI study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 29(10):1696-701, 2009
                                            4. Saba L et al: Differences between MIP and MPR techniques in the carotid artery stenosis degree measurement. Evaluation using multi-detector-row CT angiograph. Minerva Cardioangiol. 56(1):21-7, 2008
                                            5. Saba L et al: CT and ultrasound in the study of ulcerated carotid plaque compared with surgical results: potentialities and advantages of multidetector row CT angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 28(6):1061-6, 2007
                                            6. Chen CJ et al: Multi-Slice CT angiography in diagnosing total versus near occlusions of the internal carotid artery: comparison with catheter angiography. Stroke. 35(1):83-5, 2004
                                            7. Nederkoorn PJ et al: Duplex ultrasound and magnetic resonance angiography compared with digital subtraction angiography in carotid artery stenosis: a systematic review. Stroke. 34(5):1324-32, 2003
                                            8. Binaghi S et al: Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography of carotid bifurcation stenosis. Eur Neurol. 46(1):25-34, 2001
                                            9. Moll R et al: Value of the CT angiography in the diagnosis of common carotid artery bifurcation disease: CT angiography versus digital subtraction angiography and color flow Doppler. Eur J Radiol. 39(3):155-62, 2001
                                            Related Anatomy
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                                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                            References
                                            Tables

                                            Tables

                                            KEY FACTS

                                            • Terminology

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Pathology

                                                  • Clinical Issues

                                                    • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                      TERMINOLOGY

                                                      • Abbreviations

                                                        • Atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD)
                                                      • Definitions

                                                        • Degenerative process resulting from plasma lipid deposition in arterial walls

                                                      IMAGING

                                                      • General Features

                                                        • CT Findings

                                                          • MR Findings

                                                            • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                              • Angiographic Findings

                                                                • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                    PATHOLOGY

                                                                    • General Features

                                                                      • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                        • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                          • Microscopic Features

                                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                            • Presentation

                                                                              • Demographics

                                                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                  • Treatment

                                                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                    • Consider

                                                                                      Selected References

                                                                                      1. Arora S et al: Optimal carotid artery coverage for carotid plaque CT-imaging in predicting ischemic stroke. J Neuroradiol. 37(2):98-103, 2010
                                                                                      2. Babiarz LS et al: Contrast-enhanced MR angiography is not more accurate than unenhanced 2D time-of-flight MR angiography for determining > or = 70% internal carotid artery stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):761-8, 2009
                                                                                      3. Ota H et al: Hemorrhage and large lipid-rich necrotic cores are independently associated with thin or ruptured fibrous caps: an in vivo 3T MRI study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 29(10):1696-701, 2009
                                                                                      4. Saba L et al: Differences between MIP and MPR techniques in the carotid artery stenosis degree measurement. Evaluation using multi-detector-row CT angiograph. Minerva Cardioangiol. 56(1):21-7, 2008
                                                                                      5. Saba L et al: CT and ultrasound in the study of ulcerated carotid plaque compared with surgical results: potentialities and advantages of multidetector row CT angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 28(6):1061-6, 2007
                                                                                      6. Chen CJ et al: Multi-Slice CT angiography in diagnosing total versus near occlusions of the internal carotid artery: comparison with catheter angiography. Stroke. 35(1):83-5, 2004
                                                                                      7. Nederkoorn PJ et al: Duplex ultrasound and magnetic resonance angiography compared with digital subtraction angiography in carotid artery stenosis: a systematic review. Stroke. 34(5):1324-32, 2003
                                                                                      8. Binaghi S et al: Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography of carotid bifurcation stenosis. Eur Neurol. 46(1):25-34, 2001
                                                                                      9. Moll R et al: Value of the CT angiography in the diagnosis of common carotid artery bifurcation disease: CT angiography versus digital subtraction angiography and color flow Doppler. Eur J Radiol. 39(3):155-62, 2001