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Brain
Anatomy
Supratentorial Brain Anatomy
Basal Ganglia and Thalamus
Basal Ganglia and Thalamus
Karen L. Salzman, MD; Farshid Sepehrband, PhD, MS, BS; Jeffrey S. Anderson, MD, PhD
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TERMINOLOGY

  • Definitions

    • Basal ganglia (BG): Subcortical nuclear masses in inferior hemispheres
      • Involved in motivation, controlling movement
      • Lentiform nucleus: Putamen + globus pallidus (GP)
      • Corpus striatum: Caudate nucleus + putamen + GP; neostriatum = putamen, caudate
      • Definition recently narrowed to exclude claustrum, amygdala
    • Thalamus: Paired ovoid nuclear complexes; relay stations for most sensory pathways
    • Subthalamus: Complex region of nuclear masses, fiber tracts that plays major role in normal BG function

GROSS ANATOMY

  • Overview

    • Vascular Supply

      IMAGING ANATOMY

      • Overview

        ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES

        • Imaging Recommendations

          CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

          • Clinical Importance

            Related Anatomy
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            Related Differential Diagnoses
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            References
            Tables

            Tables

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Definitions

              • Basal ganglia (BG): Subcortical nuclear masses in inferior hemispheres
                • Involved in motivation, controlling movement
                • Lentiform nucleus: Putamen + globus pallidus (GP)
                • Corpus striatum: Caudate nucleus + putamen + GP; neostriatum = putamen, caudate
                • Definition recently narrowed to exclude claustrum, amygdala
              • Thalamus: Paired ovoid nuclear complexes; relay stations for most sensory pathways
              • Subthalamus: Complex region of nuclear masses, fiber tracts that plays major role in normal BG function

            GROSS ANATOMY

            • Overview

              • Vascular Supply

                IMAGING ANATOMY

                • Overview

                  ANATOMY IMAGING ISSUES

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

                    • Clinical Importance