Class IV müllerian duct anomaly (MDA) based on classification of American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM)
Incomplete fusion of fundal myometrium with 2 symmetric, communicating uterine horns
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Fukunaga T et al: The spectrum of imaging appearances of müllerian duct anomalies: focus on MR imaging. Jpn J Radiol. 35(12):697-706, 2017
Yoo RE et al: A systematic approach to the magnetic resonance imaging-based differential diagnosis of congenital müllerian duct anomalies and their mimics. Abdom Imaging. 40(1):192-206, 2015
Ludwin A et al: Two- and three-dimensional ultrasonography and sonohysterography versus hysteroscopy with laparoscopy in the differential diagnosis of septate, bicornuate, and arcuate uteri. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 20(1):90-9, 2013
Behr SC et al: Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 32(6):E233-50, 2012
Ludwin A et al: Diagnostic accuracy of sonohysterography, hysterosalpingography and diagnostic hysteroscopy in diagnosis of arcuate, septate and bicornuate uterus. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 37(3):178-86, 2011
Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
Carrascosa PM et al: Virtual hysterosalpingography: a new multidetector CT technique for evaluating the female reproductive system. Radiographics. 30(3):643-61, 2010
Junqueira BL et al: Müllerian duct anomalies and mimics in children and adolescents: correlative intraoperative assessment with clinical imaging. Radiographics. 29(4):1085-103, 2009
Steinkeler JA et al: Female infertility: a systematic approach to radiologic imaging and diagnosis. Radiographics. 29(5):1353-70, 2009
Papp Z et al: Reproductive performance after transabdominal metroplasty: a review of 157 consecutive cases. J Reprod Med. 51(7):544-52, 2006
Troiano RN et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: imaging and clinical issues. Radiology. 233(1):19-34, 2004
Troiano RN: Magnetic resonance imaging of mullerian duct anomalies of the uterus. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 14(4):269-79, 2003
Grimbizis GF et al: Clinical implications of uterine malformations and hysteroscopic treatment results. Hum Reprod Update. 7(2):161-74, 2001
Ascher SM: MR imaging of the female pelvis: the time has come. Radiographics. 18(4):931-45, 1998
Wu MH et al: Detection of congenital mullerian duct anomalies using three-dimensional ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound. 25(9):487-92, 1997
Pellerito JS et al: Diagnosis of uterine anomalies: relative accuracy of MR imaging, endovaginal sonography, and hysterosalpingography. Radiology. 183(3):795-800, 1992
Fedele L et al: Magnetic resonance evaluation of double uteri. Obstet Gynecol. 74(6):844-7, 1989
Reuter KL et al: Septate versus bicornuate uteri: errors in imaging diagnosis. Radiology. 172(3):749-52, 1989
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References
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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
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TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Class IV müllerian duct anomaly (MDA) based on classification of American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM)
Incomplete fusion of fundal myometrium with 2 symmetric, communicating uterine horns
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Fukunaga T et al: The spectrum of imaging appearances of müllerian duct anomalies: focus on MR imaging. Jpn J Radiol. 35(12):697-706, 2017
Yoo RE et al: A systematic approach to the magnetic resonance imaging-based differential diagnosis of congenital müllerian duct anomalies and their mimics. Abdom Imaging. 40(1):192-206, 2015
Ludwin A et al: Two- and three-dimensional ultrasonography and sonohysterography versus hysteroscopy with laparoscopy in the differential diagnosis of septate, bicornuate, and arcuate uteri. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 20(1):90-9, 2013
Behr SC et al: Imaging of müllerian duct anomalies. Radiographics. 32(6):E233-50, 2012
Ludwin A et al: Diagnostic accuracy of sonohysterography, hysterosalpingography and diagnostic hysteroscopy in diagnosis of arcuate, septate and bicornuate uterus. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 37(3):178-86, 2011
Marcal L et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: MR imaging. Abdom Imaging. 36(6):756-64, 2011
Carrascosa PM et al: Virtual hysterosalpingography: a new multidetector CT technique for evaluating the female reproductive system. Radiographics. 30(3):643-61, 2010
Junqueira BL et al: Müllerian duct anomalies and mimics in children and adolescents: correlative intraoperative assessment with clinical imaging. Radiographics. 29(4):1085-103, 2009
Steinkeler JA et al: Female infertility: a systematic approach to radiologic imaging and diagnosis. Radiographics. 29(5):1353-70, 2009
Papp Z et al: Reproductive performance after transabdominal metroplasty: a review of 157 consecutive cases. J Reprod Med. 51(7):544-52, 2006
Troiano RN et al: Mullerian duct anomalies: imaging and clinical issues. Radiology. 233(1):19-34, 2004
Troiano RN: Magnetic resonance imaging of mullerian duct anomalies of the uterus. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 14(4):269-79, 2003
Grimbizis GF et al: Clinical implications of uterine malformations and hysteroscopic treatment results. Hum Reprod Update. 7(2):161-74, 2001
Ascher SM: MR imaging of the female pelvis: the time has come. Radiographics. 18(4):931-45, 1998
Wu MH et al: Detection of congenital mullerian duct anomalies using three-dimensional ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound. 25(9):487-92, 1997
Pellerito JS et al: Diagnosis of uterine anomalies: relative accuracy of MR imaging, endovaginal sonography, and hysterosalpingography. Radiology. 183(3):795-800, 1992