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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Bladder stones, lower urinary tract stones
Definitions
- Concretions of mineral salts within bladder lumen
- Classified as migrant (migrated from upper urinary tract), primary (idiopathic), and secondary (in setting of stasis, infection, or nidus)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Al-Hajjaj M et al: Neglected double J stent for 8 Years with giant bladder calculi formation: A case report. Urol Case Rep. 32:101195, 2020
- Carnahan MB et al: Demonstration of 99mTc-MDP uptake in a mobile urinary bladder calculus on SPECT/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 45(1):60-2, 2020
- Carneiro C et al: Jackstone calculus. Urology. 137:e6-e7, 2020
- Jang JY et al: Comparison of three different endoscopic approaches in the treatment of bladder calculi. Yeungnam Univ J Med. 36(1):16-19, 2019
- Razik A et al: Urinary diversions: a primer of the surgical techniques and imaging findings. Abdom Radiol (NY). 44(12):3906-18, 2019
- Jung JH et al: The association of benign prostatic hyperplasia with lower urinary tract stones in adult men: A retrospective multicenter study. Asian J Urol. 5(2):118-121, 2018
- McQueen TS et al: A "hanging" bladder stone. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(12):2959-61, 2017
- Torricelli FC et al: Multiple uric acid bladder stones: Clinical presentation and endoscopic management. J Endourol Case Rep. 3(1):21-3, 2017
- Sweeney AP et al: The "jackstone" appearance. Abdom Imaging. 40(7):2906-7, 2015
- Philippou P et al: The management of bladder lithiasis in the modern era of endourology. Urology. 79(5):980-6, 2012
- Catalá V et al: CT findings in urinary diversion after radical cystectomy: postsurgical anatomy and complications. Radiographics. 29(2):461-76, 2009
- Ord J et al: Bladder management and risk of bladder stone formation in spinal cord injured patients. J Urol. 170(5):1734-7, 2003
- Schwartz BF et al: The vesical calculus. Urol Clin North Am. 27(2):333-46, 2000
- Dyer RB et al: Abnormal calcifications in the urinary tract. Radiographics. 18(6):1405-24, 1998
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Bladder stones, lower urinary tract stones
Definitions
- Concretions of mineral salts within bladder lumen
- Classified as migrant (migrated from upper urinary tract), primary (idiopathic), and secondary (in setting of stasis, infection, or nidus)
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Al-Hajjaj M et al: Neglected double J stent for 8 Years with giant bladder calculi formation: A case report. Urol Case Rep. 32:101195, 2020
- Carnahan MB et al: Demonstration of 99mTc-MDP uptake in a mobile urinary bladder calculus on SPECT/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 45(1):60-2, 2020
- Carneiro C et al: Jackstone calculus. Urology. 137:e6-e7, 2020
- Jang JY et al: Comparison of three different endoscopic approaches in the treatment of bladder calculi. Yeungnam Univ J Med. 36(1):16-19, 2019
- Razik A et al: Urinary diversions: a primer of the surgical techniques and imaging findings. Abdom Radiol (NY). 44(12):3906-18, 2019
- Jung JH et al: The association of benign prostatic hyperplasia with lower urinary tract stones in adult men: A retrospective multicenter study. Asian J Urol. 5(2):118-121, 2018
- McQueen TS et al: A "hanging" bladder stone. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(12):2959-61, 2017
- Torricelli FC et al: Multiple uric acid bladder stones: Clinical presentation and endoscopic management. J Endourol Case Rep. 3(1):21-3, 2017
- Sweeney AP et al: The "jackstone" appearance. Abdom Imaging. 40(7):2906-7, 2015
- Philippou P et al: The management of bladder lithiasis in the modern era of endourology. Urology. 79(5):980-6, 2012
- Catalá V et al: CT findings in urinary diversion after radical cystectomy: postsurgical anatomy and complications. Radiographics. 29(2):461-76, 2009
- Ord J et al: Bladder management and risk of bladder stone formation in spinal cord injured patients. J Urol. 170(5):1734-7, 2003
- Schwartz BF et al: The vesical calculus. Urol Clin North Am. 27(2):333-46, 2000
- Dyer RB et al: Abnormal calcifications in the urinary tract. Radiographics. 18(6):1405-24, 1998
