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Gastrointestinal
Diagnosis
Esophagus
Trauma
Boerhaave Syndrome
Boerhaave Syndrome
Atif Zaheer, MD; Michael P. Federle, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Imaging

    • Top Differential Diagnoses

      • Clinical Issues

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Definitions

          • Spontaneous distal esophageal perforation following vomiting or other violent straining

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Radiographic Findings

            • CT Findings

              • Imaging Recommendations

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                    • Presentation

                      • Demographics

                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                          • Treatment

                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                            • Consider

                              Selected References

                              1. Ali D et al: Abrupt severe chest pain and vomiting: remember to think of a ruptured oesophagus (Boerhaave syndrome). Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 6(10):001265, 2019
                              2. Chirica M et al: Esophageal emergencies: WSES guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 14:26, 2019
                              3. Aloreidi K et al: Non-surgical management of Boerhaave's syndrome: a case series study and review of the literature. Endosc Int Open. 6(1):E92-7, 2018
                              4. Pinto MJF et al: Boerhaave syndrome in an elderly man. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 5(10):000944, 2018
                              5. Dasari BV et al: The role of esophageal stents in the management of esophageal anastomotic leaks and benign esophageal perforations. Ann Surg. 259(5):852-60, 2014
                              6. Biancari F et al: Current treatment and outcome of esophageal perforations in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of 75 studies. World J Surg. 37(5):1051-9, 2013
                              7. de Schipper JP et al: Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus: Boerhaave's syndrome in 2008. Literature review and treatment algorithm. Dig Surg. 26(1):1-6, 2009
                              8. Young CA et al: CT features of esophageal emergencies. Radiographics. 28(6):1541-53, 2008
                              9. Zisis C et al: Stent placement in the management of oesophageal leaks. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 33(3):451-6, 2008
                              10. Ghassemi KF et al: Endoscopic treatment of Boerhaave syndrome using a removable self-expandable plastic stent. J Clin Gastroenterol. 41(9):863-4, 2007
                              11. De Lutio di Castelguidone E et al: Role of Spiral and Multislice Computed Tomography in the evaluation of traumatic and spontaneous oesophageal perforation. Our experience. Radiol Med. 109(3):252-9, 2005
                              12. Rubesin SE et al: Radiologic diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation. Radiol Clin North Am. v, 41(6):1095-115, 2003
                              13. Gimenez A et al: Thoracic complications of esophageal disorders. Radiographics. 22 Spec No:S247-58, 2002
                              Related Anatomy
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                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                              References
                              Tables

                              Tables

                              KEY FACTS

                              • Imaging

                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                  • Clinical Issues

                                    TERMINOLOGY

                                    • Definitions

                                      • Spontaneous distal esophageal perforation following vomiting or other violent straining

                                    IMAGING

                                    • General Features

                                      • Radiographic Findings

                                        • CT Findings

                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                              PATHOLOGY

                                              • General Features

                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                • Presentation

                                                  • Demographics

                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                      • Treatment

                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                        • Consider

                                                          Selected References

                                                          1. Ali D et al: Abrupt severe chest pain and vomiting: remember to think of a ruptured oesophagus (Boerhaave syndrome). Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 6(10):001265, 2019
                                                          2. Chirica M et al: Esophageal emergencies: WSES guidelines. World J Emerg Surg. 14:26, 2019
                                                          3. Aloreidi K et al: Non-surgical management of Boerhaave's syndrome: a case series study and review of the literature. Endosc Int Open. 6(1):E92-7, 2018
                                                          4. Pinto MJF et al: Boerhaave syndrome in an elderly man. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med. 5(10):000944, 2018
                                                          5. Dasari BV et al: The role of esophageal stents in the management of esophageal anastomotic leaks and benign esophageal perforations. Ann Surg. 259(5):852-60, 2014
                                                          6. Biancari F et al: Current treatment and outcome of esophageal perforations in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of 75 studies. World J Surg. 37(5):1051-9, 2013
                                                          7. de Schipper JP et al: Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus: Boerhaave's syndrome in 2008. Literature review and treatment algorithm. Dig Surg. 26(1):1-6, 2009
                                                          8. Young CA et al: CT features of esophageal emergencies. Radiographics. 28(6):1541-53, 2008
                                                          9. Zisis C et al: Stent placement in the management of oesophageal leaks. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 33(3):451-6, 2008
                                                          10. Ghassemi KF et al: Endoscopic treatment of Boerhaave syndrome using a removable self-expandable plastic stent. J Clin Gastroenterol. 41(9):863-4, 2007
                                                          11. De Lutio di Castelguidone E et al: Role of Spiral and Multislice Computed Tomography in the evaluation of traumatic and spontaneous oesophageal perforation. Our experience. Radiol Med. 109(3):252-9, 2005
                                                          12. Rubesin SE et al: Radiologic diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation. Radiol Clin North Am. v, 41(6):1095-115, 2003
                                                          13. Gimenez A et al: Thoracic complications of esophageal disorders. Radiographics. 22 Spec No:S247-58, 2002