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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Neuroendocrine tumor
- All neoplasms arising from enterochromaffin cells
- Not all neuroendocrine tumors are carcinoids, therefore term "neuroendocrine tumor" should be used carefully
- Neuroendocrine tumor
Definitions
- Low-grade malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm with metastatic potential
- Arises from enterochromaffin cells normally scattered throughout bronchial mucosa
- Gastrointestinal tract carcinoids account for approximately 90% of all carcinoids
- Lung is 2nd most common location
- Low-grade malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm with metastatic potential
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Borczuk AC: Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Surg Pathol Clin. 13(1):35-55, 2020
- Lococo F et al: Diagnostic performances of 68Ga-DOTATOC versus 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in pulmonary carcinoid tumours and interrelationship with histological features. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 28(6):957-60, 2019
- Robelin P et al: Characterization, prognosis, and treatment of patients with metastatic lung carcinoid tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 14(6):993-1002, 2019
- Hann CL et al: Lung and thymic carcinoids. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 47(3):699-709, 2018
- Melosky B: Advanced typical and atypical carcinoid tumours of the lung: management recommendations. Curr Oncol. 25(Suppl 1):S86-93, 2018
- Pericleous M et al: Well-differentiated bronchial neuroendocrine tumors: clinical management and outcomes in 105 patients. Clin Respir J. 12(3):904-14, 2018
- Baxi AJ et al: Multimodality imaging findings in carcinoid tumors: a head-to-toe spectrum. Radiographics. 37(2):516-36, 2017
- Melosky B: Low grade neuroendocrine tumors of the lung. Front Oncol. 7:119, 2017
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Neuroendocrine tumor
- All neoplasms arising from enterochromaffin cells
- Not all neuroendocrine tumors are carcinoids, therefore term "neuroendocrine tumor" should be used carefully
- Neuroendocrine tumor
Definitions
- Low-grade malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm with metastatic potential
- Arises from enterochromaffin cells normally scattered throughout bronchial mucosa
- Gastrointestinal tract carcinoids account for approximately 90% of all carcinoids
- Lung is 2nd most common location
- Low-grade malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm with metastatic potential
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Borczuk AC: Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Surg Pathol Clin. 13(1):35-55, 2020
- Lococo F et al: Diagnostic performances of 68Ga-DOTATOC versus 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in pulmonary carcinoid tumours and interrelationship with histological features. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 28(6):957-60, 2019
- Robelin P et al: Characterization, prognosis, and treatment of patients with metastatic lung carcinoid tumors. J Thorac Oncol. 14(6):993-1002, 2019
- Hann CL et al: Lung and thymic carcinoids. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 47(3):699-709, 2018
- Melosky B: Advanced typical and atypical carcinoid tumours of the lung: management recommendations. Curr Oncol. 25(Suppl 1):S86-93, 2018
- Pericleous M et al: Well-differentiated bronchial neuroendocrine tumors: clinical management and outcomes in 105 patients. Clin Respir J. 12(3):904-14, 2018
- Baxi AJ et al: Multimodality imaging findings in carcinoid tumors: a head-to-toe spectrum. Radiographics. 37(2):516-36, 2017
- Melosky B: Low grade neuroendocrine tumors of the lung. Front Oncol. 7:119, 2017
