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Cages
Jeffrey S. Ross, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Clinical Issues

        TERMINOLOGY

        • Synonyms

          • Expandable cage (EC), vertebral body (VB), replacement cage, VB prosthesis, distractible VB replacement
        • Definitions

          • Cages used to reconstruct anterior spinal column after corpectomy

        IMAGING

        • General Features

          • Radiographic Findings

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                  PATHOLOGY

                  • General Features

                    • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                      • Presentation

                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                          • Treatment

                            Selected References

                            1. Liu K et al: Risk factors for cage retropulsion after lumbar interbody fusion: systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg. 132:273-81, 2019
                            2. Dreimann M et al: Posterior vertebral column resection with 360-degree osteosynthesis in osteoporotic kyphotic deformity and spinal cord compression. Neurosurg Rev. 41(1):221-8, 2018
                            3. Lee JH et al: Comparison of the posterior vertebral column resection with the expandable cage versus the nonexpandable cage in thoracolumbar angular kyphosis. Clin Spine Surg. 30(4):E398-E406, 2017
                            4. Lau D et al: Radiological outcomes of static vs expandable titanium cages after corpectomy: a retrospective cohort analysis of subsidence. Neurosurgery. 72(4):529-39; discussion 528-9, 2013
                            5. Sasani M et al: Single-stage posterior corpectomy and expandable cage placement for treatment of thoracic or lumbar burst fractures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(1):E33-40, 2009
                            6. Chou D et al: Adjacent-level vertebral body fractures after expandable cage reconstruction. J Neurosurg Spine. 8(6):584-8, 2008
                            7. Kandziora F et al: Biomechanical comparison of expandable cages for vertebral body replacement in the cervical spine. J Neurosurg. 99(1 Suppl):91-7, 2003
                            8. Thongtrangan I et al: Vertebral body replacement with an expandable cage for reconstruction after spinal tumor resection. Neurosurg Focus. 15(5):E8, 2003
                            9. Oskouian RJ Jr et al: Vascular complications in anterior thoracolumbar spinal reconstruction. J Neurosurg. 96(1 Suppl):1-5, 2002
                            Related Anatomy
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                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                            References
                            Tables

                            Tables

                            KEY FACTS

                            • Terminology

                              • Imaging

                                • Clinical Issues

                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                  • Synonyms

                                    • Expandable cage (EC), vertebral body (VB), replacement cage, VB prosthesis, distractible VB replacement
                                  • Definitions

                                    • Cages used to reconstruct anterior spinal column after corpectomy

                                  IMAGING

                                  • General Features

                                    • Radiographic Findings

                                      • CT Findings

                                        • MR Findings

                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                            PATHOLOGY

                                            • General Features

                                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                • Presentation

                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                    • Treatment

                                                      Selected References

                                                      1. Liu K et al: Risk factors for cage retropulsion after lumbar interbody fusion: systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg. 132:273-81, 2019
                                                      2. Dreimann M et al: Posterior vertebral column resection with 360-degree osteosynthesis in osteoporotic kyphotic deformity and spinal cord compression. Neurosurg Rev. 41(1):221-8, 2018
                                                      3. Lee JH et al: Comparison of the posterior vertebral column resection with the expandable cage versus the nonexpandable cage in thoracolumbar angular kyphosis. Clin Spine Surg. 30(4):E398-E406, 2017
                                                      4. Lau D et al: Radiological outcomes of static vs expandable titanium cages after corpectomy: a retrospective cohort analysis of subsidence. Neurosurgery. 72(4):529-39; discussion 528-9, 2013
                                                      5. Sasani M et al: Single-stage posterior corpectomy and expandable cage placement for treatment of thoracic or lumbar burst fractures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(1):E33-40, 2009
                                                      6. Chou D et al: Adjacent-level vertebral body fractures after expandable cage reconstruction. J Neurosurg Spine. 8(6):584-8, 2008
                                                      7. Kandziora F et al: Biomechanical comparison of expandable cages for vertebral body replacement in the cervical spine. J Neurosurg. 99(1 Suppl):91-7, 2003
                                                      8. Thongtrangan I et al: Vertebral body replacement with an expandable cage for reconstruction after spinal tumor resection. Neurosurg Focus. 15(5):E8, 2003
                                                      9. Oskouian RJ Jr et al: Vascular complications in anterior thoracolumbar spinal reconstruction. J Neurosurg. 96(1 Suppl):1-5, 2002