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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS)
Definitions
- Sarcoidosis: Chronic, multisystemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by presence of noncaseating granulomas in affected organs, most commonly lungs
- Cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of patients clinically, but much higher percentage (~ 25%) is found at autopsy
- Isolated CS (limited to only the heart) is estimated to make up ~ 25-30% of cases
- Cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of patients clinically, but much higher percentage (~ 25%) is found at autopsy
- Sarcoidosis: Chronic, multisystemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by presence of noncaseating granulomas in affected organs, most commonly lungs
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Image-Guided Biopsy
Radiographic Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Vita T et al: Complementary value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the assessment of cardiac sarcoidosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 11(1):e007030, 2018
- Wicks EC et al: Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of simultaneous hybrid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 19(7):757-767, 2018
- Puntmann VO et al: T1 and T2 mapping in recognition of early cardiac involvement in systemic sarcoidosis. Radiology. 285(1):63-72, 2017
- Hulten E et al: Cardiac sarcoidosis-state of the art review. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 6(1):50-63, 2016
- Okada DR et al: Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis: A focused review of an under-recognized entity. J Nucl Cardiol. ePub, 2016
- Birnie DH et al: HRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of arrhythmias associated with cardiac sarcoidosis. Heart Rhythm. 11(7):1305-23, 2014
- Steckman DA et al: Utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate cardiac sarcoidosis from arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 110(4):575-9, 2012
- Patel MR et al: Detection of myocardial damage in patients with sarcoidosis. Circulation. 120(20):1969-77, 2009
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS)
Definitions
- Sarcoidosis: Chronic, multisystemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by presence of noncaseating granulomas in affected organs, most commonly lungs
- Cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of patients clinically, but much higher percentage (~ 25%) is found at autopsy
- Isolated CS (limited to only the heart) is estimated to make up ~ 25-30% of cases
- Cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of patients clinically, but much higher percentage (~ 25%) is found at autopsy
- Sarcoidosis: Chronic, multisystemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by presence of noncaseating granulomas in affected organs, most commonly lungs
IMAGING
General Features
Imaging Recommendations
Image-Guided Biopsy
Radiographic Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Selected References
- Vita T et al: Complementary value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the assessment of cardiac sarcoidosis. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 11(1):e007030, 2018
- Wicks EC et al: Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of simultaneous hybrid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 19(7):757-767, 2018
- Puntmann VO et al: T1 and T2 mapping in recognition of early cardiac involvement in systemic sarcoidosis. Radiology. 285(1):63-72, 2017
- Hulten E et al: Cardiac sarcoidosis-state of the art review. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 6(1):50-63, 2016
- Okada DR et al: Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis: A focused review of an under-recognized entity. J Nucl Cardiol. ePub, 2016
- Birnie DH et al: HRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of arrhythmias associated with cardiac sarcoidosis. Heart Rhythm. 11(7):1305-23, 2014
- Steckman DA et al: Utility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate cardiac sarcoidosis from arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 110(4):575-9, 2012
- Patel MR et al: Detection of myocardial damage in patients with sarcoidosis. Circulation. 120(20):1969-77, 2009
