CAD: Tear in carotid artery wall allows blood to enter and delaminate wall layers and create false lumen
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Ansari SA et al: Endovascular treatment of distal cervical and intracranial dissections with the neuroform stent. Neurosurgery. 62(3):636-46; discussion 636-46, 2008
Chandra A et al: Spontaneous dissection of the carotid and vertebral arteries: the 10-year UCSD experience. Ann Vasc Surg. 21(2):178-85, 2007
Wu HC et al: Spontaneous bilateral internal carotid artery dissection with acute stroke in young patients. Eur Neurol. 56(4):230-4, 2006
Biondi A et al: Progressive symptomatic carotid dissection treated with multiple stents. Stroke. 36(9):e80-2, 2005
Edgell RC et al: Endovascular management of spontaneous carotid artery dissection. J Vasc Surg. 42(5):854-60; discussion 860, 2005
Knibb J et al: Internal carotid artery dissection presenting with ipsilateral tenth and twelfth nerve palsies and apparent mass lesion on MRI. Br J Radiol. 78(931):659-61, 2005
Roz TM et al: Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery manifesting as pain in an endodontically treated molar. J Am Dent Assoc. 136(11):1556-9, 2005
Benninger DH et al: Mechanism of ischemic infarct in spontaneous carotid dissection. Stroke. 35(2):482-5, 2004
Kono Y et al: Carotid arteries: contrast-enhanced US angiography--preliminary clinical experience. Radiology. 230(2):561-8, 2004
Payton TF et al: Traumatic dissection of the internal carotid artery. Pediatr Emerg Care. 20(1):27-9, 2004
Dziewas R et al: Cervical artery dissection--clinical features, risk factors, therapy and outcome in 126 patients. J Neurol. 250(10):1179-84, 2003
Irie K et al: Treatment of a spontaneous intracranial dissecting aneurysm with stent-assisted coil embolization. Neuroradiology. 45(11):825-9, 2003
Nadgir RN et al: Simultaneous bilateral internal carotid and vertebral artery dissection following chiropractic manipulation: case report and review of the literature. Neuroradiology. 45(5):311-4, 2003
Logason K et al: Duplex scan findings in patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissections. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 23(4):295-8, 2002
Brandt T et al: Pathogenesis of cervical artery dissections: association with connective tissue abnormalities. Neurology. 57(1):24-30, 2001
Duncan MA et al: Traumatic bilateral internal carotid artery dissection following airbag deployment in a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia. Br J Anaesth. 85(3):476-8, 2000
Malek AM et al: Endovascular management of extracranial carotid artery dissection achieved using stent angioplasty. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(7):1280-92, 2000
Saito R et al: Combined neuroendovascular stenting and coil embolization for cervical carotid artery dissection causing symptomatic mass effect. Surg Neurol. 53(4):318-22, 2000
Biffl WL et al: Blunt carotid arterial injuries: implications of a new grading scale. J Trauma. 47(5):845-53, 1999
Bousson V et al: Dissections of the internal carotid artery: three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography and MR imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 173(1):139-43, 1999
Nusbaum AO et al: Isolated vagal nerve palsy associated with a dissection of the extracranial internal carotid artery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(10):1845-7, 1998
Pica RA Jr et al: Traumatic internal carotid artery dissection presenting as delayed hemilingual paresis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 17(1):86-8, 1996
Provenzale JM: Dissection of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries: imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165(5):1099-104, 1995
Sturzenegger M et al: Ultrasound findings in carotid artery dissection: analysis of 43 patients. Neurology. 45(4):691-8, 1995
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Carotid artery dissection (CAD)
Common carotid artery dissection (CCAD)
Internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD)
Definitions
CAD: Tear in carotid artery wall allows blood to enter and delaminate wall layers and create false lumen
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Ansari SA et al: Endovascular treatment of distal cervical and intracranial dissections with the neuroform stent. Neurosurgery. 62(3):636-46; discussion 636-46, 2008
Chandra A et al: Spontaneous dissection of the carotid and vertebral arteries: the 10-year UCSD experience. Ann Vasc Surg. 21(2):178-85, 2007
Wu HC et al: Spontaneous bilateral internal carotid artery dissection with acute stroke in young patients. Eur Neurol. 56(4):230-4, 2006
Biondi A et al: Progressive symptomatic carotid dissection treated with multiple stents. Stroke. 36(9):e80-2, 2005
Edgell RC et al: Endovascular management of spontaneous carotid artery dissection. J Vasc Surg. 42(5):854-60; discussion 860, 2005
Knibb J et al: Internal carotid artery dissection presenting with ipsilateral tenth and twelfth nerve palsies and apparent mass lesion on MRI. Br J Radiol. 78(931):659-61, 2005
Roz TM et al: Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery manifesting as pain in an endodontically treated molar. J Am Dent Assoc. 136(11):1556-9, 2005
Benninger DH et al: Mechanism of ischemic infarct in spontaneous carotid dissection. Stroke. 35(2):482-5, 2004
Kono Y et al: Carotid arteries: contrast-enhanced US angiography--preliminary clinical experience. Radiology. 230(2):561-8, 2004
Payton TF et al: Traumatic dissection of the internal carotid artery. Pediatr Emerg Care. 20(1):27-9, 2004
Dziewas R et al: Cervical artery dissection--clinical features, risk factors, therapy and outcome in 126 patients. J Neurol. 250(10):1179-84, 2003
Irie K et al: Treatment of a spontaneous intracranial dissecting aneurysm with stent-assisted coil embolization. Neuroradiology. 45(11):825-9, 2003
Nadgir RN et al: Simultaneous bilateral internal carotid and vertebral artery dissection following chiropractic manipulation: case report and review of the literature. Neuroradiology. 45(5):311-4, 2003
Logason K et al: Duplex scan findings in patients with spontaneous cervical artery dissections. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 23(4):295-8, 2002
Brandt T et al: Pathogenesis of cervical artery dissections: association with connective tissue abnormalities. Neurology. 57(1):24-30, 2001
Duncan MA et al: Traumatic bilateral internal carotid artery dissection following airbag deployment in a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia. Br J Anaesth. 85(3):476-8, 2000
Malek AM et al: Endovascular management of extracranial carotid artery dissection achieved using stent angioplasty. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 21(7):1280-92, 2000
Saito R et al: Combined neuroendovascular stenting and coil embolization for cervical carotid artery dissection causing symptomatic mass effect. Surg Neurol. 53(4):318-22, 2000
Biffl WL et al: Blunt carotid arterial injuries: implications of a new grading scale. J Trauma. 47(5):845-53, 1999
Bousson V et al: Dissections of the internal carotid artery: three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography and MR imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 173(1):139-43, 1999
Nusbaum AO et al: Isolated vagal nerve palsy associated with a dissection of the extracranial internal carotid artery. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 19(10):1845-7, 1998
Pica RA Jr et al: Traumatic internal carotid artery dissection presenting as delayed hemilingual paresis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 17(1):86-8, 1996
Provenzale JM: Dissection of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries: imaging features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 165(5):1099-104, 1995
Sturzenegger M et al: Ultrasound findings in carotid artery dissection: analysis of 43 patients. Neurology. 45(4):691-8, 1995
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