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Head and Neck
Diagnosis
Carotid Space
Benign Tumors
Carotid Body Paraganglioma
Carotid Body Paraganglioma
Surjith Vattoth, MD, FRCR; Patricia A. Hudgins, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Abbreviations

                • Carotid body paraganglioma (CBP)

              • Synonyms

                • Carotid body tumor, glomus caroticum, chemodectoma, nonchromaffin paraganglioma

              • Definitions

                • Benign vascular tumor arising in carotid glomus body located at carotid bifurcation

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Ultrasonographic Findings

                      • Angiographic Findings

                        • Imaging Recommendations

                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                            PATHOLOGY

                            • General Features

                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                  • Microscopic Features

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                          • Treatment

                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                            • Consider

                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                • Reporting Tips

                                                  Selected References

                                                  1. Fan D et al: A multidisciplinary approach to carotid body tumors surgical management. J Surg Case Rep. 2020(3):rjaa030, 2020
                                                  2. Inan HC et al: Role of preoperative embolization in surgical treatment of the carotid body paragangliomas. J Craniofac Surg. 30(3):e267-70, 2019
                                                  3. Abu-Ghanem S et al: Impact of preoperative embolization on the outcomes of carotid body tumor surgery: a meta-analysis and review of the literature. Head Neck. 38 Suppl 1:E2386-94, 2016
                                                  4. Gaddikeri S et al: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the evaluation of carotid space paraganglioma versus schwannoma. J Neuroimaging. 26(6):618-25, 2016
                                                  5. Jin ZQ et al: Color doppler ultrasound in diagnosis and assessment of carotid body tumors: comparison with computed tomography angiography. Ultrasound Med Biol. ePub, 2016
                                                  6. Lamblin E et al: Neurovascular complications following carotid body paraganglioma resection. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. ePub, 2016
                                                  7. Mourad M et al: Evaluating the role of embolization and carotid artery sacrifice and reconstruction in the management of carotid body tumors. Laryngoscope. ePub, 2016
                                                  8. Torrealba JI et al: Management of carotid bifurcation tumors: 30-Year experience. Ann Vasc Surg. ePub, 2016
                                                  9. Yuan Y et al: Head and neck paragangliomas: diffusion weighted and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging characteristics. BMC Med Imaging. 16:12, 2016
                                                  10. Griauzde J et al: Imaging of vascular lesions of the head and neck. Radiol Clin North Am. 53(1):197-213, 2015
                                                  11. Jackson RS et al: The effects of preoperative embolization on carotid body paraganglioma surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 153(6):943-50, 2015
                                                  12. Ashour R et al: Preoperative tumor embolization. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 25(3):607-17, 2014
                                                  13. Bauer AM et al: Implications of carotid sinus hypersensitivity following preoperative embolization of a carotid body tumor. An indication for prophylactic intraoperative cardiac pacing. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140(5):459-63, 2014
                                                  14. Unlü Y et al: Management of carotid body tumors and familial paragangliomas: review of 30 years' experience. Ann Vasc Surg. 23(5):616-20, 2009
                                                  15. Wieneke JA et al: Paraganglioma: carotid body tumor. Head Neck Pathol. 3(4):303-306, 2009
                                                  16. Arya S et al: Carotid body tumors: objective criteria to predict the Shamblin group on MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(7):1349-54, 2008
                                                  17. Luna-Ortiz K et al: Does Shamblin's classification predict postoperative morbidity in carotid body tumors? A proposal to modify Shamblin's classification. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 263(2):171-5, 2006
                                                  18. Young WF Jr et al: Editorial: paraganglioma--all in the family. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 91(3):790-2, 2006
                                                  19. van den Berg R: Imaging and management of head and neck paragangliomas. Eur Radiol. 15(7):1310-8, 2005
                                                  20. Neumann HP et al: Distinct clinical features of paraganglioma syndromes associated with SDHB and SDHD gene mutations. JAMA. 2004 Aug 25;292(8):943-51. Erratum in: JAMA. 292(14):1686, 2004
                                                  21. Monabati A et al: Cytologic findings in carotid body tumors. Acta Cytol. 46(6):1101-4, 2002
                                                  22. Persky MS et al: Combined endovascular and surgical treatment of head and neck paragangliomas--a team approach. Head Neck. 24(5):423-31, 2002
                                                  23. Stoeckli SJ et al: Evaluation of paragangliomas presenting as a cervical mass on color-coded Doppler sonography. Laryngoscope. 112(1):143-6, 2002
                                                  24. Mafee MF et al: Glomus faciale, glomus jugulare, glomus tympanicum, glomus vagale, carotid body tumors, and simulating lesions. Role of MR imaging. Radiol Clin North Am. 38(5):1059-76, 2000
                                                  25. Somasundar P et al: Paragangliomas-- a decade of clinical experience. J Surg Oncol. 74(4):286-90, 2000
                                                  26. Wang SJ et al: Surgical management of carotid body tumors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(3):202-6, 2000
                                                  27. Rao AB et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Paragangliomas of the head and neck: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Radiographics. 19(6):1605-32, 1999
                                                  Related Anatomy
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                                                  Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                                  References
                                                  Tables

                                                  Tables

                                                  KEY FACTS

                                                  • Terminology

                                                    • Imaging

                                                      • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                        • Pathology

                                                          • Clinical Issues

                                                            • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                              TERMINOLOGY

                                                              • Abbreviations

                                                                • Carotid body paraganglioma (CBP)

                                                              • Synonyms

                                                                • Carotid body tumor, glomus caroticum, chemodectoma, nonchromaffin paraganglioma

                                                              • Definitions

                                                                • Benign vascular tumor arising in carotid glomus body located at carotid bifurcation

                                                              IMAGING

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • CT Findings

                                                                  • MR Findings

                                                                    • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                                      • Angiographic Findings

                                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                            PATHOLOGY

                                                                            • General Features

                                                                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                            • Consider

                                                                                              • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                                • Reporting Tips

                                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                                  1. Fan D et al: A multidisciplinary approach to carotid body tumors surgical management. J Surg Case Rep. 2020(3):rjaa030, 2020
                                                                                                  2. Inan HC et al: Role of preoperative embolization in surgical treatment of the carotid body paragangliomas. J Craniofac Surg. 30(3):e267-70, 2019
                                                                                                  3. Abu-Ghanem S et al: Impact of preoperative embolization on the outcomes of carotid body tumor surgery: a meta-analysis and review of the literature. Head Neck. 38 Suppl 1:E2386-94, 2016
                                                                                                  4. Gaddikeri S et al: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in the evaluation of carotid space paraganglioma versus schwannoma. J Neuroimaging. 26(6):618-25, 2016
                                                                                                  5. Jin ZQ et al: Color doppler ultrasound in diagnosis and assessment of carotid body tumors: comparison with computed tomography angiography. Ultrasound Med Biol. ePub, 2016
                                                                                                  6. Lamblin E et al: Neurovascular complications following carotid body paraganglioma resection. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. ePub, 2016
                                                                                                  7. Mourad M et al: Evaluating the role of embolization and carotid artery sacrifice and reconstruction in the management of carotid body tumors. Laryngoscope. ePub, 2016
                                                                                                  8. Torrealba JI et al: Management of carotid bifurcation tumors: 30-Year experience. Ann Vasc Surg. ePub, 2016
                                                                                                  9. Yuan Y et al: Head and neck paragangliomas: diffusion weighted and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging characteristics. BMC Med Imaging. 16:12, 2016
                                                                                                  10. Griauzde J et al: Imaging of vascular lesions of the head and neck. Radiol Clin North Am. 53(1):197-213, 2015
                                                                                                  11. Jackson RS et al: The effects of preoperative embolization on carotid body paraganglioma surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 153(6):943-50, 2015
                                                                                                  12. Ashour R et al: Preoperative tumor embolization. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 25(3):607-17, 2014
                                                                                                  13. Bauer AM et al: Implications of carotid sinus hypersensitivity following preoperative embolization of a carotid body tumor. An indication for prophylactic intraoperative cardiac pacing. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 140(5):459-63, 2014
                                                                                                  14. Unlü Y et al: Management of carotid body tumors and familial paragangliomas: review of 30 years' experience. Ann Vasc Surg. 23(5):616-20, 2009
                                                                                                  15. Wieneke JA et al: Paraganglioma: carotid body tumor. Head Neck Pathol. 3(4):303-306, 2009
                                                                                                  16. Arya S et al: Carotid body tumors: objective criteria to predict the Shamblin group on MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29(7):1349-54, 2008
                                                                                                  17. Luna-Ortiz K et al: Does Shamblin's classification predict postoperative morbidity in carotid body tumors? A proposal to modify Shamblin's classification. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 263(2):171-5, 2006
                                                                                                  18. Young WF Jr et al: Editorial: paraganglioma--all in the family. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 91(3):790-2, 2006
                                                                                                  19. van den Berg R: Imaging and management of head and neck paragangliomas. Eur Radiol. 15(7):1310-8, 2005
                                                                                                  20. Neumann HP et al: Distinct clinical features of paraganglioma syndromes associated with SDHB and SDHD gene mutations. JAMA. 2004 Aug 25;292(8):943-51. Erratum in: JAMA. 292(14):1686, 2004
                                                                                                  21. Monabati A et al: Cytologic findings in carotid body tumors. Acta Cytol. 46(6):1101-4, 2002
                                                                                                  22. Persky MS et al: Combined endovascular and surgical treatment of head and neck paragangliomas--a team approach. Head Neck. 24(5):423-31, 2002
                                                                                                  23. Stoeckli SJ et al: Evaluation of paragangliomas presenting as a cervical mass on color-coded Doppler sonography. Laryngoscope. 112(1):143-6, 2002
                                                                                                  24. Mafee MF et al: Glomus faciale, glomus jugulare, glomus tympanicum, glomus vagale, carotid body tumors, and simulating lesions. Role of MR imaging. Radiol Clin North Am. 38(5):1059-76, 2000
                                                                                                  25. Somasundar P et al: Paragangliomas-- a decade of clinical experience. J Surg Oncol. 74(4):286-90, 2000
                                                                                                  26. Wang SJ et al: Surgical management of carotid body tumors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(3):202-6, 2000
                                                                                                  27. Rao AB et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Paragangliomas of the head and neck: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Radiographics. 19(6):1605-32, 1999