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Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma
Evelyn W. K. Tang, MBBS, FRCR; Yolanda Y. P. Lee, MBChB, FRCR; Simon S. M. Wong, MBBS, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Imaging

    • Top Differential Diagnoses

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Cervical esophageal carcinoma (CECa)
            • Definitions

              • Malignancy of lining epithelium of cervical esophagus
                • > 95% are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCa)

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Schizas D et al: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the esophagus: a literature review. J Transl Int Med. 6(2):70-73, 2018
                                        2. Napier KJ et al: Esophageal cancer: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, staging workup and treatment modalities. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 6(5):112-20, 2014
                                        3. Ng T et al: Advances in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer. J Surg Oncol. 101(8):725-9, 2010
                                        4. Kadota H et al: Larynx-preserving esophagectomy and jejunal transfer for cervical esophageal carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 119(7):1274-80, 2009
                                        5. Tsukahara K et al: Two cases of carcinoma of the cervical esophagus adjacent to the larynx treated with surgery. Int J Clin Oncol. 14(4):361-4, 2009
                                        6. Schreurs LM et al: Current relevance of cervical ultrasonography in staging cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Eur J Radiol. 67(1):105-11, 2008
                                        7. Mariette C et al: Pattern of recurrence following complete resection of esophageal carcinoma and factors predictive of recurrent disease. Cancer. 97(7):1616-23, 2003
                                        8. Mariette C et al: Value of endoscopic ultrasonography as a predictor of long-term survival in oesophageal carcinoma. Br J Surg. 90(11):1367-72, 2003
                                        9. Timon CV et al: Paratracheal lymph node involvement in advanced cancer of the larynx, hypopharynx, and cervical esophagus. Laryngoscope. 113(9):1595-9, 2003
                                        10. Schmalfuss IM: Imaging of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 10(3):495-509, vi, 2002
                                        11. Noguchi T et al: Primary adenocarcinoma of the cervical esophagus arising from heterotopic gastric mucosa. J Gastroenterol. 36(10):704-9, 2001
                                        12. Peracchia A et al: Current status of surgery for carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 14(2):95-7, 2001
                                        13. Qubain SW et al: Micrometastases in the cervical lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus. 14(2):143-8, 2001
                                        14. Triboulet JP et al: Surgical management of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: analysis of 209 cases. Arch Surg. 136(10):1164-70, 2001
                                        15. Axon PR et al: Carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus in young adults. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 109(6):590-3, 2000
                                        16. Burmeister BH et al: Thirty-four patients with carcinoma of the cervical esophagus treated with chemoradiation therapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 126(2):205-8, 2000
                                        17. Skehan SJ et al: Imaging features of primary and recurrent esophageal cancer at FDG PET. Radiographics. 20(3):713-23, 2000
                                        18. Bottger T et al: Carcinoma of the hypopharynx and the cervical oesophagus: a surgical challenge. Eur J Surg. 165(10):940-6, 1999
                                        19. Natsugoe S et al: Assessment of cervical lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma using ultrasonography. Ann Surg. 229(1):62-6, 1999
                                        20. Segalin A et al: Improving results of esophageal stenting: a study on 160 consecutive unselected patients. Endoscopy. 29(8):701-9, 1997
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                            • Pathology

                                              • Clinical Issues

                                                • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Abbreviations

                                                    • Cervical esophageal carcinoma (CECa)
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Malignancy of lining epithelium of cervical esophagus
                                                      • > 95% are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCa)

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                      • CT Findings

                                                        • MR Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                  • Microscopic Features

                                                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                    • Presentation

                                                                      • Demographics

                                                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                          • Treatment

                                                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Schizas D et al: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the esophagus: a literature review. J Transl Int Med. 6(2):70-73, 2018
                                                                              2. Napier KJ et al: Esophageal cancer: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, staging workup and treatment modalities. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 6(5):112-20, 2014
                                                                              3. Ng T et al: Advances in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer. J Surg Oncol. 101(8):725-9, 2010
                                                                              4. Kadota H et al: Larynx-preserving esophagectomy and jejunal transfer for cervical esophageal carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 119(7):1274-80, 2009
                                                                              5. Tsukahara K et al: Two cases of carcinoma of the cervical esophagus adjacent to the larynx treated with surgery. Int J Clin Oncol. 14(4):361-4, 2009
                                                                              6. Schreurs LM et al: Current relevance of cervical ultrasonography in staging cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Eur J Radiol. 67(1):105-11, 2008
                                                                              7. Mariette C et al: Pattern of recurrence following complete resection of esophageal carcinoma and factors predictive of recurrent disease. Cancer. 97(7):1616-23, 2003
                                                                              8. Mariette C et al: Value of endoscopic ultrasonography as a predictor of long-term survival in oesophageal carcinoma. Br J Surg. 90(11):1367-72, 2003
                                                                              9. Timon CV et al: Paratracheal lymph node involvement in advanced cancer of the larynx, hypopharynx, and cervical esophagus. Laryngoscope. 113(9):1595-9, 2003
                                                                              10. Schmalfuss IM: Imaging of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 10(3):495-509, vi, 2002
                                                                              11. Noguchi T et al: Primary adenocarcinoma of the cervical esophagus arising from heterotopic gastric mucosa. J Gastroenterol. 36(10):704-9, 2001
                                                                              12. Peracchia A et al: Current status of surgery for carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus. Dis Esophagus. 14(2):95-7, 2001
                                                                              13. Qubain SW et al: Micrometastases in the cervical lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus. 14(2):143-8, 2001
                                                                              14. Triboulet JP et al: Surgical management of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: analysis of 209 cases. Arch Surg. 136(10):1164-70, 2001
                                                                              15. Axon PR et al: Carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus in young adults. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 109(6):590-3, 2000
                                                                              16. Burmeister BH et al: Thirty-four patients with carcinoma of the cervical esophagus treated with chemoradiation therapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 126(2):205-8, 2000
                                                                              17. Skehan SJ et al: Imaging features of primary and recurrent esophageal cancer at FDG PET. Radiographics. 20(3):713-23, 2000
                                                                              18. Bottger T et al: Carcinoma of the hypopharynx and the cervical oesophagus: a surgical challenge. Eur J Surg. 165(10):940-6, 1999
                                                                              19. Natsugoe S et al: Assessment of cervical lymph node metastasis in esophageal carcinoma using ultrasonography. Ann Surg. 229(1):62-6, 1999
                                                                              20. Segalin A et al: Improving results of esophageal stenting: a study on 160 consecutive unselected patients. Endoscopy. 29(8):701-9, 1997