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Ultrasound
Diagnosis
Head and Neck
Lumps and Bumps
Cystic
Cervical Thymic Cyst
Cervical Thymic Cyst
Eunice Y. L. Dai, MBBS, FRCR; Yolanda Y. P. Lee, MBChB, FRCR; Simon S. M. Wong, MBBS, FRCR
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KEY FACTS

  • Imaging

    • Top Differential Diagnoses

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Cervical thymic cyst (CTC)

            • Synonyms

              • Thymopharyngeal duct cyst, congenital thymic cyst

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                • Consider

                                  Selected References

                                  1. Sturm JJ et al: Diagnosis and management of cervical thymic cysts in children. Cureus. 9(1):e973, 2017
                                  2. Shenoy V et al: Cervical thymic cyst: a rare differential diagnosis in lateral neck swelling. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2013:350502, 2013
                                  3. Sturm-O'Brien AK et al: Cervical thymic anomalies--the Texas Children's Hospital experience. Laryngoscope. 119(10):1988-93, 2009
                                  4. Statham MM et al: Cervical thymic remnants in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 72(12):1807-13, 2008
                                  5. Mehrzad H et al: A combined third and fourth branchial arch anomaly: clinical and embryological implications. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 264(8):913-6, 2007
                                  6. Charous DD et al: A third branchial pouch cyst presenting as a lateral neck mass in an adult. Ear Nose Throat J. 85(11):754-7, 2006
                                  7. Koch BL: Cystic malformations of the neck in children. Pediatr Radiol. 35(5):463-77, 2005
                                  8. Khariwala SS et al: Cervical presentations of thymic anomalies in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 68(7):909-14, 2004
                                  9. Pereira KD et al: Management of anomalies of the third and fourth branchial pouches. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 68(1):43-50, 2004
                                  10. Liberman M et al: Ten years of experience with third and fourth branchial remnants. J Pediatr Surg. 37(5):685-90, 2002
                                  11. Ozturk H et al: Multilocular cervical thymic cyst: an unusual neck mass in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 61(3): 249-52, 2001
                                  12. Billings KR et al: Infected neonatal cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(5): 651-4, 2000
                                  13. Koeller KK et al: Congenital cystic masses of the neck: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 19(1): 121-46; quiz 152-3, 1999
                                  14. Millman B et al: Cervical thymic anomalies. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 47(1): 29-39, 1999
                                  15. Hendrickson M et al: Congenital thymic cysts in children--mostly misdiagnosed. J Pediatr Surg. 33(6): 821-5, 1998
                                  16. Hadi U et al: Valsalva-induced cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 117(6): S70-2, 1997
                                  17. Kelley DJ et al: Cervicomediastinal thymic cysts. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 39(2):139-46, 1997
                                  18. Nguyen Q et al: Cervical thymic cyst: case reports and review of the literature. Laryngoscope. 106(3 Pt 1):247-52, 1996
                                  19. Burton EM et al: Cervical thymic cysts: CT appearance of two cases including a persistent thymopharyngeal duct cyst. Pediatr Radiol. 25(5): 363-5, 1995
                                  20. Marra S et al: Cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 112(2): 338-40, 1995
                                  21. Miller MB et al: Cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 112(4): 586-8, 1995
                                  22. Benson MT et al: Congenital anomalies of the branchial apparatus: embryology and pathologic anatomy. Radiographics. 12(5):943-60, 1992
                                  23. Zarbo RJ et al: Thymopharyngeal duct cyst: a form of cervical thymus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 92(3 Pt 1):284-9, 1983
                                  24. Guba AM Jr et al: Cervical presentation of thymic cysts. Am J Surg. 136(4):430-6, 1978
                                  25. Tovi F et al: The aberrant cervical thymus. Embryology, pathology, and clinical implications. Am J Surg. 136(5):631-7, 1978
                                  Related Anatomy
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                                  Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                  References
                                  Tables

                                  Tables

                                  KEY FACTS

                                  • Imaging

                                    • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                      • Pathology

                                        • Clinical Issues

                                          • Diagnostic Checklist

                                            TERMINOLOGY

                                            • Abbreviations

                                              • Cervical thymic cyst (CTC)

                                            • Synonyms

                                              • Thymopharyngeal duct cyst, congenital thymic cyst

                                            IMAGING

                                            • General Features

                                              • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                • CT Findings

                                                  • MR Findings

                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Microscopic Features

                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                            • Presentation

                                                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                • Consider

                                                                  Selected References

                                                                  1. Sturm JJ et al: Diagnosis and management of cervical thymic cysts in children. Cureus. 9(1):e973, 2017
                                                                  2. Shenoy V et al: Cervical thymic cyst: a rare differential diagnosis in lateral neck swelling. Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2013:350502, 2013
                                                                  3. Sturm-O'Brien AK et al: Cervical thymic anomalies--the Texas Children's Hospital experience. Laryngoscope. 119(10):1988-93, 2009
                                                                  4. Statham MM et al: Cervical thymic remnants in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 72(12):1807-13, 2008
                                                                  5. Mehrzad H et al: A combined third and fourth branchial arch anomaly: clinical and embryological implications. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 264(8):913-6, 2007
                                                                  6. Charous DD et al: A third branchial pouch cyst presenting as a lateral neck mass in an adult. Ear Nose Throat J. 85(11):754-7, 2006
                                                                  7. Koch BL: Cystic malformations of the neck in children. Pediatr Radiol. 35(5):463-77, 2005
                                                                  8. Khariwala SS et al: Cervical presentations of thymic anomalies in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 68(7):909-14, 2004
                                                                  9. Pereira KD et al: Management of anomalies of the third and fourth branchial pouches. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 68(1):43-50, 2004
                                                                  10. Liberman M et al: Ten years of experience with third and fourth branchial remnants. J Pediatr Surg. 37(5):685-90, 2002
                                                                  11. Ozturk H et al: Multilocular cervical thymic cyst: an unusual neck mass in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 61(3): 249-52, 2001
                                                                  12. Billings KR et al: Infected neonatal cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 123(5): 651-4, 2000
                                                                  13. Koeller KK et al: Congenital cystic masses of the neck: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 19(1): 121-46; quiz 152-3, 1999
                                                                  14. Millman B et al: Cervical thymic anomalies. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 47(1): 29-39, 1999
                                                                  15. Hendrickson M et al: Congenital thymic cysts in children--mostly misdiagnosed. J Pediatr Surg. 33(6): 821-5, 1998
                                                                  16. Hadi U et al: Valsalva-induced cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 117(6): S70-2, 1997
                                                                  17. Kelley DJ et al: Cervicomediastinal thymic cysts. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 39(2):139-46, 1997
                                                                  18. Nguyen Q et al: Cervical thymic cyst: case reports and review of the literature. Laryngoscope. 106(3 Pt 1):247-52, 1996
                                                                  19. Burton EM et al: Cervical thymic cysts: CT appearance of two cases including a persistent thymopharyngeal duct cyst. Pediatr Radiol. 25(5): 363-5, 1995
                                                                  20. Marra S et al: Cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 112(2): 338-40, 1995
                                                                  21. Miller MB et al: Cervical thymic cyst. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 112(4): 586-8, 1995
                                                                  22. Benson MT et al: Congenital anomalies of the branchial apparatus: embryology and pathologic anatomy. Radiographics. 12(5):943-60, 1992
                                                                  23. Zarbo RJ et al: Thymopharyngeal duct cyst: a form of cervical thymus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 92(3 Pt 1):284-9, 1983
                                                                  24. Guba AM Jr et al: Cervical presentation of thymic cysts. Am J Surg. 136(4):430-6, 1978
                                                                  25. Tovi F et al: The aberrant cervical thymus. Embryology, pathology, and clinical implications. Am J Surg. 136(5):631-7, 1978
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