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Chordoma in Perivertebral Space
C. Douglas Phillips, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Abbreviations

                • Perivertebral space (PVS)
              • Definitions

                • Rare, low-grade primary malignant tumor of notochord origin

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                        • Imaging Recommendations

                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                            PATHOLOGY

                            • General Features

                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                  • Microscopic Features

                                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                                    • Presentation

                                      • Demographics

                                        • Natural History & Prognosis

                                          • Treatment

                                            DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Zweckberger K et al: Clivus chordomas: heterogeneous tumor extension requires adapted surgical approaches. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 199:106305, 2020
                                              2. Guan X et al: The preliminary results of proton and carbon ion therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base and cervical spine. Radiat Oncol. 14(1):206, 2019
                                              3. Lin E et al: Prognostic implications of gadolinium enhancement of skull base chordomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 39(8):1509-14, 2018
                                              4. Tian K et al: MR Imaging grading system for skull base chordoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 38(6):1206-11, 2017
                                              5. Lau CS et al: Pediatric chordomas: a population-based clinical outcome study involving 86 patients from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end result (SEER) Database (1973-2011). Pediatr Neurosurg. 51(3):127-36, 2016
                                              6. Yasuda M et al: Chordomas of the skull base and cervical spine: clinical outcomes associated with a multimodal surgical resection combined with proton-beam radiation in 40 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 35(2):171-82; discussion 182-3, 2012
                                              7. Brennan PM et al: Chordoma masquerading as a nerve root tumour -- a clinical lesson. Br J Radiol. 82(983):e231-4, 2009
                                              8. Jiang L et al: Upper cervical spine chordoma of C2-C3. Eur Spine J. 18(3):293-298; discussion 298-300, 2009
                                              9. Zhou H et al: Cervical chordoma in childhood without typical vertebral bony destruction: case report and review of the literature. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(14):E493-7, 2009
                                              10. Yamaguchi T et al: Distinguishing benign notochordal cell tumors from vertebral chordoma. Skeletal Radiol. 37(4):291-9, 2008
                                              11. Singh N et al: Cervical chordoma presenting as retropharyngeal mass and dysphonia: Case report and literature review. Australas Radiol. 51 Suppl:B183-8, 2007
                                              12. Lin CY et al: Chordoma detected on F-18 FDG PET. Clin Nucl Med. 31(8):506-7, 2006
                                              13. Smolders D et al: Value of MRI in the diagnosis of non-clival, non-sacral chordoma. Skeletal Radiol. 32(6): 343-50, 2003
                                              14. Wippold FJ 2nd et al: Clinical and imaging features of cervical chordoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(5): 1423-6, 1999
                                              15. Murphey MD et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 16(5): 1131-58, 1996
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Terminology

                                                • Imaging

                                                  • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                    • Pathology

                                                      • Clinical Issues

                                                        • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                          TERMINOLOGY

                                                          • Abbreviations

                                                            • Perivertebral space (PVS)
                                                          • Definitions

                                                            • Rare, low-grade primary malignant tumor of notochord origin

                                                          IMAGING

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Radiographic Findings

                                                              • CT Findings

                                                                • MR Findings

                                                                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                                        • General Features

                                                                          • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                            • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                              • Microscopic Features

                                                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                                • Presentation

                                                                                  • Demographics

                                                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                      • Treatment

                                                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Zweckberger K et al: Clivus chordomas: heterogeneous tumor extension requires adapted surgical approaches. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 199:106305, 2020
                                                                                          2. Guan X et al: The preliminary results of proton and carbon ion therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base and cervical spine. Radiat Oncol. 14(1):206, 2019
                                                                                          3. Lin E et al: Prognostic implications of gadolinium enhancement of skull base chordomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 39(8):1509-14, 2018
                                                                                          4. Tian K et al: MR Imaging grading system for skull base chordoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 38(6):1206-11, 2017
                                                                                          5. Lau CS et al: Pediatric chordomas: a population-based clinical outcome study involving 86 patients from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end result (SEER) Database (1973-2011). Pediatr Neurosurg. 51(3):127-36, 2016
                                                                                          6. Yasuda M et al: Chordomas of the skull base and cervical spine: clinical outcomes associated with a multimodal surgical resection combined with proton-beam radiation in 40 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 35(2):171-82; discussion 182-3, 2012
                                                                                          7. Brennan PM et al: Chordoma masquerading as a nerve root tumour -- a clinical lesson. Br J Radiol. 82(983):e231-4, 2009
                                                                                          8. Jiang L et al: Upper cervical spine chordoma of C2-C3. Eur Spine J. 18(3):293-298; discussion 298-300, 2009
                                                                                          9. Zhou H et al: Cervical chordoma in childhood without typical vertebral bony destruction: case report and review of the literature. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 34(14):E493-7, 2009
                                                                                          10. Yamaguchi T et al: Distinguishing benign notochordal cell tumors from vertebral chordoma. Skeletal Radiol. 37(4):291-9, 2008
                                                                                          11. Singh N et al: Cervical chordoma presenting as retropharyngeal mass and dysphonia: Case report and literature review. Australas Radiol. 51 Suppl:B183-8, 2007
                                                                                          12. Lin CY et al: Chordoma detected on F-18 FDG PET. Clin Nucl Med. 31(8):506-7, 2006
                                                                                          13. Smolders D et al: Value of MRI in the diagnosis of non-clival, non-sacral chordoma. Skeletal Radiol. 32(6): 343-50, 2003
                                                                                          14. Wippold FJ 2nd et al: Clinical and imaging features of cervical chordoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(5): 1423-6, 1999
                                                                                          15. Murphey MD et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 16(5): 1131-58, 1996