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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Malignant tumor arising from notochord remnants
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Antonelli M et al: SMARCB1/INI1 involvement in pediatric chordoma: a mutational and immunohistochemical analysis. Am J Surg Pathol. 41(1):56-61, 2017
Ramesh S et al: Multicentric chordoma in a child. J Pediatr Neurosci. 12(2):156-9, 2017
Zhou J et al: Prognostic factors in patients with spinal chordoma: an integrative analysis of 682 patients. Neurosurgery. 81(5):812-23, 2017
Sebro R et al: Differences in sex distribution, anatomic location and MR imaging appearance of pediatric compared to adult chordomas. BMC Med Imaging. 16(1):53, 2016
Tsitouras V et al: Management and outcome of chordomas in the pediatric population: the Hospital for Sick Children experience and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci. 34:169-76, 2016
Osaka S et al: Long-term outcome following surgical treatment of sacral chordoma. J Surg Oncol. 109(3):184-8, 2014
Wang Y et al: Primary chordomas of the cervical spine: a consecutive series of 14 surgically managed cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 17(4):292-9, 2012
Choi GH et al: Pediatric cervical chordoma: report of two cases and a review of the current literature. Childs Nerv Syst. 26(6):835-40, 2010
Brennan PM et al: Chordoma masquerading as a nerve root tumour -- a clinical lesson. Br J Radiol. 82(983):e231-4, 2009
Sciubba DM et al: Chordoma of the spinal column. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 19(1):5-15, 2008
Takeyama J et al: Giant chordoma occupying the whole abdominal cavity. Pathology. 40(3):313-4, 2008
Chugh R et al: Chordoma: the nonsarcoma primary bone tumor. Oncologist. 12(11):1344-50, 2007
Boriani S et al: Chordoma of the mobile spine: fifty years of experience. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 31(4):493-503, 2006
Takeyama J et al: Notochordal remnant-derived mass: ecchordosis physaliphora or chordoma? Pathology. 38(6):599-600, 2006
Maclean FM et al: Chordoma: radiological-pathological correlation. Australas Radiol. 49(4):261-8, 2005
Shinde SV et al: Craniospinal dissemination of clival chondroid chordoma. J Postgrad Med. 51(3):220-2, 2005
Baratti D et al: Chordoma: natural history and results in 28 patients treated at a single institution. Ann Surg Oncol. 10(3):291-6, 2003
Noel G et al: Radiation therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base and the cervical spine. Prognostic factors and patterns of failure. Strahlenther Onkol. 179(4):241-8, 2003
Smolders D et al: Value of MRI in the diagnosis of non-clival, non-sacral chordoma. Skeletal Radiol. 32(6):343-50, 2003
Bayar MA et al: Spinal chordoma of the terminal filum. Case report. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):236-8, 2002
Carpentier A et al: Suboccipital and cervical chordomas: the value of aggressive treatment at first presentation of the disease. J Neurosurg. 97(5):1070-7, 2002
Delank KS et al: Metastasizing chordoma of the lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 11(2):167-71, 2002
Leone A et al: Chordoma of the low cervical spine presenting with Horner's syndrome. Eur Radiol. 12 Suppl 3:S43-7, 2002
Steenberghs J et al: Intradural chordoma without bone involvement. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 97(1 Suppl):94-7, 2002
Arnautovic KI et al: Surgical seeding of chordomas. J Neurosurg. 95(5):798-803, 2001
Bosma JJ et al: En bloc removal of the lower lumbar vertebral body for chordoma. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 94(2 Suppl):284-91, 2001
Crapanzano JP et al: Chordoma: a cytologic study with histologic and radiologic correlation. Cancer. 93(1):40-51, 2001
McMaster ML et al: Chordoma: incidence and survival patterns in the United States, 1973-1995. Cancer Causes Control. 12(1):1-11, 2001
Scheil S et al: Genome-wide analysis of sixteen chordomas by comparative genomic hybridization and cytogenetics of the first human chordoma cell line, U-CH1. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 32(3):203-11, 2001
Soo MY: Chordoma: review of clinicoradiological features and factors affecting survival. Australas Radiol. 45(4):427-34, 2001
Bergh P et al: Prognostic factors in chordoma of the sacrum and mobile spine: a study of 39 patients. Cancer. 88(9):2122-34, 2000
Tai PT et al: Management issues in chordoma: a case series. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 12(2):80-6, 2000
Cheng EY et al: Lumbosacral chordoma. Prognostic factors and treatment. Spine. 24(16):1639-45, 1999
Gelabert-Gonzalez M et al: Intradural cervical chordoma. Case report. J Neurosurg Sci. 43(2):159-62, 1999
Wippold FJ 2nd et al: Clinical and imaging features of cervical chordoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(5):1423-6, 1999
York JE et al: Sacral chordoma: 40-year experience at a major cancer center. Neurosurgery. 44(1):74-9; discussion 79-80, 1999
Logroscino CA et al: Chordoma: long-term evaluation of 15 cases treated surgically. Chir Organi Mov. 83(1-2):87-103, 1998
Murphy JM et al: CT and MRI appearances of a thoracic chordoma. Eur Radiol. 8(9):1677-9, 1998
Ng SH et al: Cervical ecchordosis physaliphora: CT and MR features. Br J Radiol. 71(843):329-31, 1998
Boriani S et al: Primary bone tumors of the spine. Terminology and surgical staging. Spine. 22(9):1036-44, 1997
Boriani S et al: Chordoma of the spine above the sacrum. Treatment and outcome in 21 cases. Spine. 21(13):1569-77, 1996
Catton C et al: Chordoma: long-term follow-up after radical photon irradiation. Radiother Oncol. 41(1):67-72, 1996
Klekamp J et al: Spinal chordomas--results of treatment over a 17-year period. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 138(5):514-9, 1996
Murphey MD et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 16(5):1131-58, 1996
Fagundes MA et al: Radiation therapy for chordomas of the base of skull and cervical spine: patterns of failure and outcome after relapse. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 33(3):579-84, 1995
Hall WA et al: Sacrococcygeal chordoma metastatic to the brain with review of the literature. J Neurooncol. 25(2):155-9, 1995
Wojno KJ et al: Chondroid chordomas and low-grade chondrosarcomas of the craniospinal axis. An immunohistochemical analysis of 17 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 16(12):1144-52, 1992
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Malignant tumor arising from notochord remnants
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nonvascular Interventions
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Antonelli M et al: SMARCB1/INI1 involvement in pediatric chordoma: a mutational and immunohistochemical analysis. Am J Surg Pathol. 41(1):56-61, 2017
Ramesh S et al: Multicentric chordoma in a child. J Pediatr Neurosci. 12(2):156-9, 2017
Zhou J et al: Prognostic factors in patients with spinal chordoma: an integrative analysis of 682 patients. Neurosurgery. 81(5):812-23, 2017
Sebro R et al: Differences in sex distribution, anatomic location and MR imaging appearance of pediatric compared to adult chordomas. BMC Med Imaging. 16(1):53, 2016
Tsitouras V et al: Management and outcome of chordomas in the pediatric population: the Hospital for Sick Children experience and review of the literature. J Clin Neurosci. 34:169-76, 2016
Osaka S et al: Long-term outcome following surgical treatment of sacral chordoma. J Surg Oncol. 109(3):184-8, 2014
Wang Y et al: Primary chordomas of the cervical spine: a consecutive series of 14 surgically managed cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 17(4):292-9, 2012
Choi GH et al: Pediatric cervical chordoma: report of two cases and a review of the current literature. Childs Nerv Syst. 26(6):835-40, 2010
Brennan PM et al: Chordoma masquerading as a nerve root tumour -- a clinical lesson. Br J Radiol. 82(983):e231-4, 2009
Sciubba DM et al: Chordoma of the spinal column. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 19(1):5-15, 2008
Takeyama J et al: Giant chordoma occupying the whole abdominal cavity. Pathology. 40(3):313-4, 2008
Chugh R et al: Chordoma: the nonsarcoma primary bone tumor. Oncologist. 12(11):1344-50, 2007
Boriani S et al: Chordoma of the mobile spine: fifty years of experience. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 31(4):493-503, 2006
Takeyama J et al: Notochordal remnant-derived mass: ecchordosis physaliphora or chordoma? Pathology. 38(6):599-600, 2006
Maclean FM et al: Chordoma: radiological-pathological correlation. Australas Radiol. 49(4):261-8, 2005
Shinde SV et al: Craniospinal dissemination of clival chondroid chordoma. J Postgrad Med. 51(3):220-2, 2005
Baratti D et al: Chordoma: natural history and results in 28 patients treated at a single institution. Ann Surg Oncol. 10(3):291-6, 2003
Noel G et al: Radiation therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base and the cervical spine. Prognostic factors and patterns of failure. Strahlenther Onkol. 179(4):241-8, 2003
Smolders D et al: Value of MRI in the diagnosis of non-clival, non-sacral chordoma. Skeletal Radiol. 32(6):343-50, 2003
Bayar MA et al: Spinal chordoma of the terminal filum. Case report. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):236-8, 2002
Carpentier A et al: Suboccipital and cervical chordomas: the value of aggressive treatment at first presentation of the disease. J Neurosurg. 97(5):1070-7, 2002
Delank KS et al: Metastasizing chordoma of the lumbar spine. Eur Spine J. 11(2):167-71, 2002
Leone A et al: Chordoma of the low cervical spine presenting with Horner's syndrome. Eur Radiol. 12 Suppl 3:S43-7, 2002
Steenberghs J et al: Intradural chordoma without bone involvement. Case report and review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 97(1 Suppl):94-7, 2002
Arnautovic KI et al: Surgical seeding of chordomas. J Neurosurg. 95(5):798-803, 2001
Bosma JJ et al: En bloc removal of the lower lumbar vertebral body for chordoma. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg. 94(2 Suppl):284-91, 2001
Crapanzano JP et al: Chordoma: a cytologic study with histologic and radiologic correlation. Cancer. 93(1):40-51, 2001
McMaster ML et al: Chordoma: incidence and survival patterns in the United States, 1973-1995. Cancer Causes Control. 12(1):1-11, 2001
Scheil S et al: Genome-wide analysis of sixteen chordomas by comparative genomic hybridization and cytogenetics of the first human chordoma cell line, U-CH1. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 32(3):203-11, 2001
Soo MY: Chordoma: review of clinicoradiological features and factors affecting survival. Australas Radiol. 45(4):427-34, 2001
Bergh P et al: Prognostic factors in chordoma of the sacrum and mobile spine: a study of 39 patients. Cancer. 88(9):2122-34, 2000
Tai PT et al: Management issues in chordoma: a case series. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 12(2):80-6, 2000
Cheng EY et al: Lumbosacral chordoma. Prognostic factors and treatment. Spine. 24(16):1639-45, 1999
Gelabert-Gonzalez M et al: Intradural cervical chordoma. Case report. J Neurosurg Sci. 43(2):159-62, 1999
Wippold FJ 2nd et al: Clinical and imaging features of cervical chordoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 172(5):1423-6, 1999
York JE et al: Sacral chordoma: 40-year experience at a major cancer center. Neurosurgery. 44(1):74-9; discussion 79-80, 1999
Logroscino CA et al: Chordoma: long-term evaluation of 15 cases treated surgically. Chir Organi Mov. 83(1-2):87-103, 1998
Murphy JM et al: CT and MRI appearances of a thoracic chordoma. Eur Radiol. 8(9):1677-9, 1998
Ng SH et al: Cervical ecchordosis physaliphora: CT and MR features. Br J Radiol. 71(843):329-31, 1998
Boriani S et al: Primary bone tumors of the spine. Terminology and surgical staging. Spine. 22(9):1036-44, 1997
Boriani S et al: Chordoma of the spine above the sacrum. Treatment and outcome in 21 cases. Spine. 21(13):1569-77, 1996
Catton C et al: Chordoma: long-term follow-up after radical photon irradiation. Radiother Oncol. 41(1):67-72, 1996
Klekamp J et al: Spinal chordomas--results of treatment over a 17-year period. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 138(5):514-9, 1996
Murphey MD et al: From the archives of the AFIP. Primary tumors of the spine: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 16(5):1131-58, 1996
Fagundes MA et al: Radiation therapy for chordomas of the base of skull and cervical spine: patterns of failure and outcome after relapse. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 33(3):579-84, 1995
Hall WA et al: Sacrococcygeal chordoma metastatic to the brain with review of the literature. J Neurooncol. 25(2):155-9, 1995
Wojno KJ et al: Chondroid chordomas and low-grade chondrosarcomas of the craniospinal axis. An immunohistochemical analysis of 17 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 16(12):1144-52, 1992
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