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Chronic Pyelonephritis/Reflux Nephropathy
Alessandro Furlan, MDAmir A. Borhani, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Synonyms

              • Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis
            • Definitions

              • Renal scarring and shrinkage secondary to multiple episodes of acute pyelonephritis
                • Most cases secondary to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Radiographic Findings

                • CT Findings

                  • Ultrasonographic Findings

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Vernuccio F et al: CT imaging of acute and chronic pyelonephritis: a practical guide for emergency radiologists. Emerg Radiol. 27(5):561-7, 2020
                                      2. Expert Panel on Urologic Imaging et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Acute Pyelonephritis. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(11S):S232-9, 2018
                                      3. Tullus K: Vesicoureteric reflux in children. Lancet. 385(9965):371-9, 2015
                                      4. Lim R: Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infection: evolving practices and current controversies in pediatric imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192(5):1197-208, 2009
                                      5. Craig WD et al: Pyelonephritis: radiologic-pathologic review. Radiographics. 28(1):255-77; quiz 327-8, 2008
                                      6. Khati NJ et al: The role of ultrasound in renal insufficiency: the essentials. Ultrasound Q. 21(4):227-44, 2005
                                      7. Berrocal T et al: Anomalies of the distal ureter, bladder, and urethra in children: embryologic, radiologic, and pathologic features. Radiographics. 22(5):1139-64, 2002
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                            • Pathology

                                              • Clinical Issues

                                                TERMINOLOGY

                                                • Synonyms

                                                  • Chronic atrophic pyelonephritis
                                                • Definitions

                                                  • Renal scarring and shrinkage secondary to multiple episodes of acute pyelonephritis
                                                    • Most cases secondary to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

                                                IMAGING

                                                • General Features

                                                  • Radiographic Findings

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                • Microscopic Features

                                                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                  • Presentation

                                                                    • Demographics

                                                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                        • Treatment

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Vernuccio F et al: CT imaging of acute and chronic pyelonephritis: a practical guide for emergency radiologists. Emerg Radiol. 27(5):561-7, 2020
                                                                          2. Expert Panel on Urologic Imaging et al: ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Acute Pyelonephritis. J Am Coll Radiol. 15(11S):S232-9, 2018
                                                                          3. Tullus K: Vesicoureteric reflux in children. Lancet. 385(9965):371-9, 2015
                                                                          4. Lim R: Vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infection: evolving practices and current controversies in pediatric imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 192(5):1197-208, 2009
                                                                          5. Craig WD et al: Pyelonephritis: radiologic-pathologic review. Radiographics. 28(1):255-77; quiz 327-8, 2008
                                                                          6. Khati NJ et al: The role of ultrasound in renal insufficiency: the essentials. Ultrasound Q. 21(4):227-44, 2005
                                                                          7. Berrocal T et al: Anomalies of the distal ureter, bladder, and urethra in children: embryologic, radiologic, and pathologic features. Radiographics. 22(5):1139-64, 2002