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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)
Synonyms
"Punch-drunk" syndrome/dementia pugilistica
Old terms originally applied to boxer's dementia
Leg weakness, vertigo, gait difficulties, episodes of confusion, later parkinsonism & dementia
Definitions
Neurodegenerative disease induced by repetitive concussive/subconcussive traumatic brain injuries (TBI)
CTE classically defined secondary to repetitive TBI
Postmortem studies also suggest single TBI as cause
Currently diagnosis by postmortem neuropathological examination based on specific pattern of tau deposition
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Falcon B et al: Novel tau filament fold in chronic traumatic encephalopathy encloses hydrophobic molecules. Nature. 568(7752):420-3, 2019
Ruprecht R et al: Systematic review on the characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy by MRI and MRS. J Magn Reson Imaging. 49(1):212-28, 2019
Stern RA et al: Tau positron-emission tomography in former National Football League players. N Engl J Med. 380(18):1716-25, 2019
Sparks P et al: Neuroimaging in the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a systematic review. Clin J Sport Med. ePub, 2017
Shetty T et al: Imaging in chronic traumatic encephalopathy and traumatic brain injury. Sports Health. 8(1):26-36, 2016
Bramlett H et al: Long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury: current status of potential mechanisms of injury and neurologic outcomes. J Neurotrauma. 32(23):1834-48, 2015
Esopenko C et al: Aging, neurodegenerative disease and traumatic brain injury: the role of neuroimaging. J Neurotrauma. 32(4):209-20, 2015
Stein TD et al: Beta-amyloid deposition in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol. 130(1):21-34, 2015
Aungst SL et al: Repeated mild traumatic brain injury causes chronic neuroinflammation, changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and associated cognitive deficits. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 34(7):1223-32, 2014
Gandy S et al: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: clinical-biomarker correlations and current concepts in pathogenesis. Mol Neurodegener. 9:37, 2014
Saigal R et al: The long-term effects of repetitive mild head injuries in sports. Neurosurgery. 75 Suppl 4:S149-55, 2014
Sundman MH et al: Examining the relationship between head trauma and neurodegenerative disease: a review of epidemiology, pathology and neuroimaging techniques. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism. 4, 2014
Johnson VE et al: Widespread τ and amyloid-β pathology many years after a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Brain Pathol. 22(2):142-9, 2012
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)
Synonyms
"Punch-drunk" syndrome/dementia pugilistica
Old terms originally applied to boxer's dementia
Leg weakness, vertigo, gait difficulties, episodes of confusion, later parkinsonism & dementia
Definitions
Neurodegenerative disease induced by repetitive concussive/subconcussive traumatic brain injuries (TBI)
CTE classically defined secondary to repetitive TBI
Postmortem studies also suggest single TBI as cause
Currently diagnosis by postmortem neuropathological examination based on specific pattern of tau deposition
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Reporting Tips
Selected References
Falcon B et al: Novel tau filament fold in chronic traumatic encephalopathy encloses hydrophobic molecules. Nature. 568(7752):420-3, 2019
Ruprecht R et al: Systematic review on the characterization of chronic traumatic encephalopathy by MRI and MRS. J Magn Reson Imaging. 49(1):212-28, 2019
Stern RA et al: Tau positron-emission tomography in former National Football League players. N Engl J Med. 380(18):1716-25, 2019
Sparks P et al: Neuroimaging in the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a systematic review. Clin J Sport Med. ePub, 2017
Shetty T et al: Imaging in chronic traumatic encephalopathy and traumatic brain injury. Sports Health. 8(1):26-36, 2016
Bramlett H et al: Long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury: current status of potential mechanisms of injury and neurologic outcomes. J Neurotrauma. 32(23):1834-48, 2015
Esopenko C et al: Aging, neurodegenerative disease and traumatic brain injury: the role of neuroimaging. J Neurotrauma. 32(4):209-20, 2015
Stein TD et al: Beta-amyloid deposition in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol. 130(1):21-34, 2015
Aungst SL et al: Repeated mild traumatic brain injury causes chronic neuroinflammation, changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and associated cognitive deficits. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 34(7):1223-32, 2014
Gandy S et al: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: clinical-biomarker correlations and current concepts in pathogenesis. Mol Neurodegener. 9:37, 2014
Saigal R et al: The long-term effects of repetitive mild head injuries in sports. Neurosurgery. 75 Suppl 4:S149-55, 2014
Sundman MH et al: Examining the relationship between head trauma and neurodegenerative disease: a review of epidemiology, pathology and neuroimaging techniques. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism. 4, 2014
Johnson VE et al: Widespread τ and amyloid-β pathology many years after a single traumatic brain injury in humans. Brain Pathol. 22(2):142-9, 2012
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