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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Distal clavicular periosteal sleeve fracture = Salter-Harris (SH) fracture of distal/lateral clavicle
- Medial clavicle epiphyseal/physeal fracture: Pseudodislocation of sternoclavicular joint (SC)
Definitions
- Occur at midshaft or at medial or lateral ends
- Growth plates & epiphyses are present at medial & lateral ends of clavicle
- 2° ossification centers do not appear until 2nd decade of life & often do not fuse until 3rd decade
- Displaced fractures through unossified cartilage mimic acromioclavicular (AC) & sternoclavicular (SC) joint dislocations
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Flores DV et al: Imaging of the acromioclavicular joint: anatomy, function, pathologic features, and treatment. Radiographics. 40(5):1355-82, 2020
- Zember J et al: Normal development imaging pitfalls and injuries in the pediatric shoulder. Pediatr Radiol. 49(12):1617-28, 2019
- Fadell M et al: Radiological features of healing in newborn clavicular fractures. Eur Radiol. 27(5):2180-7, 2017
- Beckmann N et al: Posterior sternoclavicular Salter-Harris fracture-dislocation in a patient with unossified medial clavicle epiphysis. Skeletal Radiol. 45(8):1123-7, 2016
- Moyer JE et al: Shoulder injuries in pediatric athletes. Orthop Clin North Am. 47(4):749-62, 2016
- Lee JT et al: Posterior sternoclavicular joint injuries in skeletally immature patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 34(4):369-75, 2014
- Walker BM et al: Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle: a diagnostic challenge. Glob Pediatr Health. 1:2333794X14563384, 2014
- Van Tongel A et al: Sternoclavicular joint injuries: a literature review. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 1(3):100-5, 2011
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Synonyms
- Distal clavicular periosteal sleeve fracture = Salter-Harris (SH) fracture of distal/lateral clavicle
- Medial clavicle epiphyseal/physeal fracture: Pseudodislocation of sternoclavicular joint (SC)
Definitions
- Occur at midshaft or at medial or lateral ends
- Growth plates & epiphyses are present at medial & lateral ends of clavicle
- 2° ossification centers do not appear until 2nd decade of life & often do not fuse until 3rd decade
- Displaced fractures through unossified cartilage mimic acromioclavicular (AC) & sternoclavicular (SC) joint dislocations
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
Staging, Grading, & Classification
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- Flores DV et al: Imaging of the acromioclavicular joint: anatomy, function, pathologic features, and treatment. Radiographics. 40(5):1355-82, 2020
- Zember J et al: Normal development imaging pitfalls and injuries in the pediatric shoulder. Pediatr Radiol. 49(12):1617-28, 2019
- Fadell M et al: Radiological features of healing in newborn clavicular fractures. Eur Radiol. 27(5):2180-7, 2017
- Beckmann N et al: Posterior sternoclavicular Salter-Harris fracture-dislocation in a patient with unossified medial clavicle epiphysis. Skeletal Radiol. 45(8):1123-7, 2016
- Moyer JE et al: Shoulder injuries in pediatric athletes. Orthop Clin North Am. 47(4):749-62, 2016
- Lee JT et al: Posterior sternoclavicular joint injuries in skeletally immature patients. J Pediatr Orthop. 34(4):369-75, 2014
- Walker BM et al: Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle: a diagnostic challenge. Glob Pediatr Health. 1:2333794X14563384, 2014
- Van Tongel A et al: Sternoclavicular joint injuries: a literature review. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 1(3):100-5, 2011
