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CLIPPERS
Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Abbreviations

              • Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS)
            • Definitions

              • Recently described inflammatory CNS disorder
                • Distinct form of nonneoplastic encephalitis with predominant T-cell pathology
                • Predominantly involves brainstem, adjacent rhombencephalic structures
                • Striking clinical, imaging response to glucocorticosteroids

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • CT Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Angiographic Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Microscopic Features

                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                            • Presentation

                              • Demographics

                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                  • Treatment

                                    Selected References

                                    1. Li Z et al: CLIPPERS, a syndrome of lymphohistiocytic disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 42:102063, 2020
                                    2. Turnquist C et al: CLIPPERS: a case report with radiology, three serial biopsies and a literature review. Clin Neuropathol. 39(1):19-24, 2020
                                    3. Taieb G et al: CLIPPERS and its mimics: evaluation of new criteria for the diagnosis of CLIPPERS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 90(9):1027-38, 2019
                                    4. Berzero G et al: CLIPPERS mimickers: relapsing brainstem encephalitis associated with anti-MOG antibodies. Eur J Neurol. 25(2):e16-7, 2018
                                    5. Tian D et al: Case 259: Primary central nervous system lymphomatoid granulomatosis mimicking chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Radiology. 289(2):572-7, 2018
                                    6. Tobin WO et al: Diagnostic criteria for chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Brain. 140(9):2415-25, 2017
                                    7. Taieb G et al: Punctate and curvilinear gadolinium enhancing lesions in the brain: a practical approach. Neuroradiology. 58(3):221-35, 2016
                                    8. Gul M et al: Atypical presentation of CLIPPERS syndrome: a new entity in the differential diagnosis of central nervous system rheumatologic diseases. J Clin Rheumatol. 21(3):144-8, 2015
                                    9. Dudesek A et al: CLIPPERS: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Review of an increasingly recognized entity within the spectrum of inflammatory central nervous system disorders. Clin Exp Immunol. 175(3):385-96, 2014
                                    10. Pittock SJ et al: Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Brain. 133(9):2626-34, 2010
                                    Related Anatomy
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                                    Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                    References
                                    Tables

                                    Tables

                                    KEY FACTS

                                    • Terminology

                                      • Imaging

                                        • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                          • Pathology

                                            • Clinical Issues

                                              TERMINOLOGY

                                              • Abbreviations

                                                • Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS)
                                              • Definitions

                                                • Recently described inflammatory CNS disorder
                                                  • Distinct form of nonneoplastic encephalitis with predominant T-cell pathology
                                                  • Predominantly involves brainstem, adjacent rhombencephalic structures
                                                  • Striking clinical, imaging response to glucocorticosteroids

                                              IMAGING

                                              • General Features

                                                • CT Findings

                                                  • MR Findings

                                                    • Angiographic Findings

                                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                          • General Features

                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                              • Presentation

                                                                • Demographics

                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                      Selected References

                                                                      1. Li Z et al: CLIPPERS, a syndrome of lymphohistiocytic disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 42:102063, 2020
                                                                      2. Turnquist C et al: CLIPPERS: a case report with radiology, three serial biopsies and a literature review. Clin Neuropathol. 39(1):19-24, 2020
                                                                      3. Taieb G et al: CLIPPERS and its mimics: evaluation of new criteria for the diagnosis of CLIPPERS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 90(9):1027-38, 2019
                                                                      4. Berzero G et al: CLIPPERS mimickers: relapsing brainstem encephalitis associated with anti-MOG antibodies. Eur J Neurol. 25(2):e16-7, 2018
                                                                      5. Tian D et al: Case 259: Primary central nervous system lymphomatoid granulomatosis mimicking chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Radiology. 289(2):572-7, 2018
                                                                      6. Tobin WO et al: Diagnostic criteria for chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Brain. 140(9):2415-25, 2017
                                                                      7. Taieb G et al: Punctate and curvilinear gadolinium enhancing lesions in the brain: a practical approach. Neuroradiology. 58(3):221-35, 2016
                                                                      8. Gul M et al: Atypical presentation of CLIPPERS syndrome: a new entity in the differential diagnosis of central nervous system rheumatologic diseases. J Clin Rheumatol. 21(3):144-8, 2015
                                                                      9. Dudesek A et al: CLIPPERS: chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids. Review of an increasingly recognized entity within the spectrum of inflammatory central nervous system disorders. Clin Exp Immunol. 175(3):385-96, 2014
                                                                      10. Pittock SJ et al: Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Brain. 133(9):2626-34, 2010