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Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma
A. Carlson Merrow, Jr., MD, FAAP
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          • Diagnostic Checklist

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Synonyms

              • Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN), fetal renal hamartoma, Bolande tumor
                • Bolande described CMN as histologically distinct from Wilms tumor in 1967
            • Definitions

              • Hamartomatous renal tumor of young infants composed predominantly of elongated spindle cells
                • Types: Classic benign CMN vs. more aggressive cellular variant vs. mixed

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Radiographic Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • CT Findings

                    • MR Findings

                      • Imaging Recommendations

                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                          PATHOLOGY

                          • General Features

                            • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                              • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                • Microscopic Features

                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                  • Presentation

                                    • Demographics

                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                        • Treatment

                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                          • Consider

                                            • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Li Y et al: Imaging manifestations of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Clin Imaging. 72:91-6, 2021
                                              2. Sze SK: Neonatal renal tumors. Clin Perinatol. 48(1):71-81, 2021
                                              3. Monsereenusorn C et al: Unusual case of concurrent retroperitoneal congenital infantile fibrosarcoma and cellular type congenital mesoblastic nephroma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. ePub, 2019
                                              4. Stanescu AL et al: Pediatric renal neoplasms: MR imaging-based practical diagnostic approach. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 27(2):279-90, 2019
                                              5. Chen Y et al: Specific computed tomography imaging characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma and correlation with ultrasound and pathology. J Pediatr Urol. 14(6):571.e1-6, 2018
                                              6. Gooskens SL et al: Congenital mesoblastic nephroma 50 years after its recognition: a narrative review. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 64(7), 2017
                                              7. Jehangir S et al: Recurrent and metastatic congenital mesoblastic nephroma: where does the evidence stand? Pediatr Surg Int. 33(11):1183-8, 2017
                                              8. Lamb MG et al: Renal tumors in children younger than 12 months of age: a 65-year single institution review. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 39(2):103-7, 2017
                                              9. Chung EM et al: Renal tumors of childhood: radiologic-pathologic correlation part 1. The 1st decade: from the Radiologic Pathology Archives. Radiographics. 36(2):499-522, 2016
                                              10. Malkan AD et al: An approach to renal masses in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 135(1):142-58, 2015
                                              11. Takahashi H et al: Congenital mesoblastic nephroma: Its diverse clinical features - a literature review with a case report. J Obstet Gynaecol. 1-5, 2015
                                              12. Ko SM et al: Cellular mesoblastic nephroma with liver metastasis in a neonate: prenatal and postnatal diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Korean J Radiol. 14(2):361-5, 2013
                                              13. Royer-Pokora B: Genetics of pediatric renal tumors. Pediatr Nephrol. 28(1):13-23, 2013
                                              14. Sheth MM et al: AIRP best cases in radiologic-pathologic correlation: congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Radiographics. 32(1):99-103, 2012
                                              15. Bayindir P et al: Cellular mesoblastic nephroma (infantile renal fibrosarcoma): institutional review of the clinical, diagnostic imaging, and pathologic features of a distinctive neoplasm of infancy. Pediatr Radiol. 39(10):1066-74, 2009
                                              16. Chaudry G et al: Imaging of congenital mesoblastic nephroma with pathological correlation. Pediatr Radiol. 39(10):1080-6, 2009
                                              17. Lee EY: CT imaging of mass-like renal lesions in children. Pediatr Radiol. 37(9):896-907, 2007
                                              Related Anatomy
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                                              Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                              References
                                              Tables

                                              Tables

                                              KEY FACTS

                                              • Terminology

                                                • Imaging

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                                        • Synonyms

                                                          • Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN), fetal renal hamartoma, Bolande tumor
                                                            • Bolande described CMN as histologically distinct from Wilms tumor in 1967
                                                        • Definitions

                                                          • Hamartomatous renal tumor of young infants composed predominantly of elongated spindle cells
                                                            • Types: Classic benign CMN vs. more aggressive cellular variant vs. mixed

                                                        IMAGING

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                                            • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                              • CT Findings

                                                                • MR Findings

                                                                  • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                      PATHOLOGY

                                                                      • General Features

                                                                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                              • Presentation

                                                                                • Demographics

                                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                      • Consider

                                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                          Selected References

                                                                                          1. Li Y et al: Imaging manifestations of congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Clin Imaging. 72:91-6, 2021
                                                                                          2. Sze SK: Neonatal renal tumors. Clin Perinatol. 48(1):71-81, 2021
                                                                                          3. Monsereenusorn C et al: Unusual case of concurrent retroperitoneal congenital infantile fibrosarcoma and cellular type congenital mesoblastic nephroma. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. ePub, 2019
                                                                                          4. Stanescu AL et al: Pediatric renal neoplasms: MR imaging-based practical diagnostic approach. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 27(2):279-90, 2019
                                                                                          5. Chen Y et al: Specific computed tomography imaging characteristics of congenital mesoblastic nephroma and correlation with ultrasound and pathology. J Pediatr Urol. 14(6):571.e1-6, 2018
                                                                                          6. Gooskens SL et al: Congenital mesoblastic nephroma 50 years after its recognition: a narrative review. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 64(7), 2017
                                                                                          7. Jehangir S et al: Recurrent and metastatic congenital mesoblastic nephroma: where does the evidence stand? Pediatr Surg Int. 33(11):1183-8, 2017
                                                                                          8. Lamb MG et al: Renal tumors in children younger than 12 months of age: a 65-year single institution review. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 39(2):103-7, 2017
                                                                                          9. Chung EM et al: Renal tumors of childhood: radiologic-pathologic correlation part 1. The 1st decade: from the Radiologic Pathology Archives. Radiographics. 36(2):499-522, 2016
                                                                                          10. Malkan AD et al: An approach to renal masses in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 135(1):142-58, 2015
                                                                                          11. Takahashi H et al: Congenital mesoblastic nephroma: Its diverse clinical features - a literature review with a case report. J Obstet Gynaecol. 1-5, 2015
                                                                                          12. Ko SM et al: Cellular mesoblastic nephroma with liver metastasis in a neonate: prenatal and postnatal diffusion-weighted MR imaging. Korean J Radiol. 14(2):361-5, 2013
                                                                                          13. Royer-Pokora B: Genetics of pediatric renal tumors. Pediatr Nephrol. 28(1):13-23, 2013
                                                                                          14. Sheth MM et al: AIRP best cases in radiologic-pathologic correlation: congenital mesoblastic nephroma. Radiographics. 32(1):99-103, 2012
                                                                                          15. Bayindir P et al: Cellular mesoblastic nephroma (infantile renal fibrosarcoma): institutional review of the clinical, diagnostic imaging, and pathologic features of a distinctive neoplasm of infancy. Pediatr Radiol. 39(10):1066-74, 2009
                                                                                          16. Chaudry G et al: Imaging of congenital mesoblastic nephroma with pathological correlation. Pediatr Radiol. 39(10):1080-6, 2009
                                                                                          17. Lee EY: CT imaging of mass-like renal lesions in children. Pediatr Radiol. 37(9):896-907, 2007