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Conus Arteriovenous Malformation
Jeffrey S. Ross, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Spinal vascular lesions with angioarchitectural hallmarks of (1) dual arterial supply from anterior and posterior spinal arteries, (2) multiple glomus-type nidi, and (3) complex venous drainage at level of conus medullaris

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • MR Findings

              • Angiographic Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    CLINICAL ISSUES

                    • Presentation

                      • Treatment

                        Selected References

                        1. Niu X et al: Concomitant sacral dural arteriovenous fistula and conus medullaris arteriovenous malformation with respective drainage veins: case report and literature review. World Neurosurg. 141:299-305, 2020
                        2. Guédon A et al: Primary conus medullaris arteriovenous shunt and secondary lumbo-sacral epidural arteriovenous fistula: One malformation can hide another. J Neuroradiol. ePub, 2019
                        3. Brinjikji W et al: Endovascular treatment of spinal arteriovenous malformations. Handb Clin Neurol. 143:161-74, 2017
                        4. Flores BC et al: Spinal vascular malformations: treatment strategies and outcome. Neurosurg Rev. 40(1):15-28, 2017
                        5. Rangel-Castilla L et al: Contemporary management of spinal AVFs and AVMs: lessons learned from 110 cases. Neurosurg Focus. 37(3):E14, 2014
                        6. Horie N et al: Intra-arterial indocyanine green angiography in the management of spinal arteriovenous fistulae: technical case reports. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 37(4):E264-7, 2012
                        7. Wilson DA et al: Multimodality treatment of conus medullaris arteriovenous malformations: 2 decades of experience with combined endovascular and microsurgical treatments. Neurosurgery. 71(1):100-8, 2012
                        8. Tubbs RS et al: Arteriovenous malformation of the conus supplied by the artery of Desproges-Gotteron. J Neurosurg Spine. 14(4):529-31, 2011
                        9. Bley TA et al: Presurgical localization of the artery of Adamkiewicz with time-resolved 3.0-T MR angiography. Radiology. 255(3):873-81, 2010
                        10. Andres RH et al: Endovascular and surgical treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neuroradiology. 50(10):869-76, 2008
                        11. Boll DT et al: MDCT angiography of the spinal vasculature and the artery of Adamkiewicz. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(4):1054-60, 2006
                        12. Kim LJ et al: Classification and surgical management of spinal arteriovenous lesions: arteriovenous fistulae and arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery. 59(5 Suppl 3):S195-201; discussion S3-13, 2006
                        13. Spetzler RF et al. Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):145-56. Review, 2002
                        Related Anatomy
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                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                        References
                        Tables

                        Tables

                        KEY FACTS

                        • Terminology

                          • Imaging

                            • Top Differential Diagnoses

                              • Clinical Issues

                                TERMINOLOGY

                                • Definitions

                                  • Spinal vascular lesions with angioarchitectural hallmarks of (1) dual arterial supply from anterior and posterior spinal arteries, (2) multiple glomus-type nidi, and (3) complex venous drainage at level of conus medullaris

                                IMAGING

                                • General Features

                                  • MR Findings

                                    • Angiographic Findings

                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                                          • Presentation

                                            • Treatment

                                              Selected References

                                              1. Niu X et al: Concomitant sacral dural arteriovenous fistula and conus medullaris arteriovenous malformation with respective drainage veins: case report and literature review. World Neurosurg. 141:299-305, 2020
                                              2. Guédon A et al: Primary conus medullaris arteriovenous shunt and secondary lumbo-sacral epidural arteriovenous fistula: One malformation can hide another. J Neuroradiol. ePub, 2019
                                              3. Brinjikji W et al: Endovascular treatment of spinal arteriovenous malformations. Handb Clin Neurol. 143:161-74, 2017
                                              4. Flores BC et al: Spinal vascular malformations: treatment strategies and outcome. Neurosurg Rev. 40(1):15-28, 2017
                                              5. Rangel-Castilla L et al: Contemporary management of spinal AVFs and AVMs: lessons learned from 110 cases. Neurosurg Focus. 37(3):E14, 2014
                                              6. Horie N et al: Intra-arterial indocyanine green angiography in the management of spinal arteriovenous fistulae: technical case reports. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 37(4):E264-7, 2012
                                              7. Wilson DA et al: Multimodality treatment of conus medullaris arteriovenous malformations: 2 decades of experience with combined endovascular and microsurgical treatments. Neurosurgery. 71(1):100-8, 2012
                                              8. Tubbs RS et al: Arteriovenous malformation of the conus supplied by the artery of Desproges-Gotteron. J Neurosurg Spine. 14(4):529-31, 2011
                                              9. Bley TA et al: Presurgical localization of the artery of Adamkiewicz with time-resolved 3.0-T MR angiography. Radiology. 255(3):873-81, 2010
                                              10. Andres RH et al: Endovascular and surgical treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. Neuroradiology. 50(10):869-76, 2008
                                              11. Boll DT et al: MDCT angiography of the spinal vasculature and the artery of Adamkiewicz. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(4):1054-60, 2006
                                              12. Kim LJ et al: Classification and surgical management of spinal arteriovenous lesions: arteriovenous fistulae and arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery. 59(5 Suppl 3):S195-201; discussion S3-13, 2006
                                              13. Spetzler RF et al. Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg. 96(2 Suppl):145-56. Review, 2002