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Obstetrics
Diagnosis
Genitourinary Tract
Renal Developmental Variants
Crossed Fused Ectopia
Crossed Fused Ectopia
Priyanka Jha, MBBS
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Definitions

                • Abnormal ascent of developing kidneys with both kidneys on same side of fetus
                  • Upper kidney is in normal position (normotopic)
                  • Lower kidney ascended on same side (ectopic) and is located by lower pole
                  • 90% fused, 10% remain unfused

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • MR Findings

                    • Imaging Recommendations

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                    Selected References

                                    1. Cao Y et al: Crossed-fused renal ectopia with renal calculi: two case reports and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 98(48):e18165, 2019
                                    2. Choi T et al: Lump type crossed fused renal ectopia with bilateral vesicoureteral reflux: a case report. World J Clin Cases. 7(6):773-7, 2019
                                    3. Loganathan AK et al: Crossed fused renal ectopia in children: a review of clinical profile, surgical challenges, and outcome. J Pediatr Urol. 15(4):315-21, 2019
                                    4. Bhatt K et al: Crossed fused renal ectopia. J Urol. 191(2):475-6, 2014
                                    5. Yin Z et al: A new subtype of crossed fused ectopia of the kidneys. Urology. 84(6):e27, 2014
                                    6. Solanki S et al: Crossed fused renal ectopia: challenges in diagnosis and management. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 18(1):7-10, 2013
                                    7. Chang PL et al: Prenatal diagnosis of cross-fused renal ectopia: does color Doppler and 3-dimensional sonography help? J Ultrasound Med. 30(4):578-80, 2011
                                    8. Becker AM: Postnatal evaluation of infants with an abnormal antenatal renal sonogram. Curr Opin Pediatr. 21(2):207-13, 2009
                                    9. Glodny B et al: Kidney fusion anomalies revisited: clinical and radiological analysis of 209 cases of crossed fused ectopia and horseshoe kidney. BJU Int. 103(2):224-35, 2009
                                    10. Barseghyan K et al: Complementary roles of sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of fetal urinary tract anomalies. J Ultrasound Med. 27(11):1563-9, 2008
                                    11. Hörmann M et al: Fetal MRI of the urinary system. Eur J Radiol. 57(2):303-11, 2006
                                    12. Yuksel A et al: Sonographic findings of fetuses with an empty renal fossa and normal amniotic fluid volume. Fetal Diagn Ther. 19(6):525-32, 2004
                                    Related Anatomy
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                                    Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                    References
                                    Tables

                                    Tables

                                    KEY FACTS

                                    • Terminology

                                      • Imaging

                                        • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                          • Pathology

                                            • Clinical Issues

                                              • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                TERMINOLOGY

                                                • Definitions

                                                  • Abnormal ascent of developing kidneys with both kidneys on same side of fetus
                                                    • Upper kidney is in normal position (normotopic)
                                                    • Lower kidney ascended on same side (ectopic) and is located by lower pole
                                                    • 90% fused, 10% remain unfused

                                                IMAGING

                                                • General Features

                                                  • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                    • MR Findings

                                                      • Imaging Recommendations

                                                        DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                          PATHOLOGY

                                                          • General Features

                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                            • Presentation

                                                              • Demographics

                                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                  • Treatment

                                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                      Selected References

                                                                      1. Cao Y et al: Crossed-fused renal ectopia with renal calculi: two case reports and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 98(48):e18165, 2019
                                                                      2. Choi T et al: Lump type crossed fused renal ectopia with bilateral vesicoureteral reflux: a case report. World J Clin Cases. 7(6):773-7, 2019
                                                                      3. Loganathan AK et al: Crossed fused renal ectopia in children: a review of clinical profile, surgical challenges, and outcome. J Pediatr Urol. 15(4):315-21, 2019
                                                                      4. Bhatt K et al: Crossed fused renal ectopia. J Urol. 191(2):475-6, 2014
                                                                      5. Yin Z et al: A new subtype of crossed fused ectopia of the kidneys. Urology. 84(6):e27, 2014
                                                                      6. Solanki S et al: Crossed fused renal ectopia: challenges in diagnosis and management. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 18(1):7-10, 2013
                                                                      7. Chang PL et al: Prenatal diagnosis of cross-fused renal ectopia: does color Doppler and 3-dimensional sonography help? J Ultrasound Med. 30(4):578-80, 2011
                                                                      8. Becker AM: Postnatal evaluation of infants with an abnormal antenatal renal sonogram. Curr Opin Pediatr. 21(2):207-13, 2009
                                                                      9. Glodny B et al: Kidney fusion anomalies revisited: clinical and radiological analysis of 209 cases of crossed fused ectopia and horseshoe kidney. BJU Int. 103(2):224-35, 2009
                                                                      10. Barseghyan K et al: Complementary roles of sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of fetal urinary tract anomalies. J Ultrasound Med. 27(11):1563-9, 2008
                                                                      11. Hörmann M et al: Fetal MRI of the urinary system. Eur J Radiol. 57(2):303-11, 2006
                                                                      12. Yuksel A et al: Sonographic findings of fetuses with an empty renal fossa and normal amniotic fluid volume. Fetal Diagn Ther. 19(6):525-32, 2004