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Deep Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Anne G. Osborn, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Abbreviations

            • Deep cerebral venous thrombosis (DCVT)
          • Definitions

            • Thrombotic occlusion of deep cerebral veins
              • Usually affects both internal cerebral veins (ICVs) ± vein of Galen (VOG), straight sinus (SS)
              • Often with widespread dural sinus thrombosis (DST)

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Angiographic Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Cernera G et al: Molecular analysis of prothrombotic gene variants in venous thrombosis: A potential role for sex and thrombotic localization. J Clin Med. 9(4), 2020
                                          2. Dangi S et al: A case of deep cerebral venous thrombosis presenting like acute necrotizing encephalopathy. J Pediatr Neurosci. 15(1):54-6, 2020
                                          3. Garaci F et al: Venous cerebral thrombosis in COVID-19 patient. J Neurol Sci. 414:116871, 2020
                                          4. Komro J et al: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in adults with prothrombotic conditions: A systematic review and a case from our institution. Cureus. 12(4):e7654, 2020
                                          5. Mazini B et al: Isolated superior striate vein thrombosis in adults. Interv Neuroradiol. 1591019919900825, 2020
                                          6. Poillon G et al: Cerebral venous thrombosis associated with COVID-19 infection: causality or coincidence? J Neuroradiol. ePub, 2020
                                          7. Tan AP: Postoperative unilateral internal cerebral vein thrombosis with venous watershed infarcts: Case report and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 138:158-62, 2020
                                          8. Aguiar de Sousa D et al: Brush sign is associated with increased severity in cerebral venous thrombosis. Stroke. 50(6):1574-7, 2019
                                          9. Buyck PJ et al: Diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast CT imaging markers in cerebral venous thrombosis. Neurology. 92(8):e841-51, 2019
                                          10. Kumar P et al: Deep cerebral vein thrombosis: A clinical masquerader. J Clin Diagn Res. 11(4):OD16-OD18, 2017
                                          11. Barboza MA et al: Intracranial venous collaterals in cerebral venous thrombosis: clinical and imaging impact. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 86(12):1314-8, 2015
                                          12. Coutinho JM et al: Cerebral venous thrombosis in the absence of headache. Stroke. 46(1):245-7, 2015
                                          13. Bonneville F: Imaging of cerebral venous thrombosis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 95(12):1145-50, 2014
                                          14. Buyck PJ et al: CT density measurement and H:H ratio are useful in diagnosing acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34(8):1568-72, 2013
                                          15. Linn J et al: Noncontrast CT in deep cerebral venous thrombosis and sinus thrombosis: comparison of its diagnostic value for both entities. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):728-35, 2009
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Abbreviations

                                                    • Deep cerebral venous thrombosis (DCVT)
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Thrombotic occlusion of deep cerebral veins
                                                      • Usually affects both internal cerebral veins (ICVs) ± vein of Galen (VOG), straight sinus (SS)
                                                      • Often with widespread dural sinus thrombosis (DST)

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Angiographic Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Cernera G et al: Molecular analysis of prothrombotic gene variants in venous thrombosis: A potential role for sex and thrombotic localization. J Clin Med. 9(4), 2020
                                                                                  2. Dangi S et al: A case of deep cerebral venous thrombosis presenting like acute necrotizing encephalopathy. J Pediatr Neurosci. 15(1):54-6, 2020
                                                                                  3. Garaci F et al: Venous cerebral thrombosis in COVID-19 patient. J Neurol Sci. 414:116871, 2020
                                                                                  4. Komro J et al: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in adults with prothrombotic conditions: A systematic review and a case from our institution. Cureus. 12(4):e7654, 2020
                                                                                  5. Mazini B et al: Isolated superior striate vein thrombosis in adults. Interv Neuroradiol. 1591019919900825, 2020
                                                                                  6. Poillon G et al: Cerebral venous thrombosis associated with COVID-19 infection: causality or coincidence? J Neuroradiol. ePub, 2020
                                                                                  7. Tan AP: Postoperative unilateral internal cerebral vein thrombosis with venous watershed infarcts: Case report and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 138:158-62, 2020
                                                                                  8. Aguiar de Sousa D et al: Brush sign is associated with increased severity in cerebral venous thrombosis. Stroke. 50(6):1574-7, 2019
                                                                                  9. Buyck PJ et al: Diagnostic accuracy of noncontrast CT imaging markers in cerebral venous thrombosis. Neurology. 92(8):e841-51, 2019
                                                                                  10. Kumar P et al: Deep cerebral vein thrombosis: A clinical masquerader. J Clin Diagn Res. 11(4):OD16-OD18, 2017
                                                                                  11. Barboza MA et al: Intracranial venous collaterals in cerebral venous thrombosis: clinical and imaging impact. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 86(12):1314-8, 2015
                                                                                  12. Coutinho JM et al: Cerebral venous thrombosis in the absence of headache. Stroke. 46(1):245-7, 2015
                                                                                  13. Bonneville F: Imaging of cerebral venous thrombosis. Diagn Interv Imaging. 95(12):1145-50, 2014
                                                                                  14. Buyck PJ et al: CT density measurement and H:H ratio are useful in diagnosing acute cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34(8):1568-72, 2013
                                                                                  15. Linn J et al: Noncontrast CT in deep cerebral venous thrombosis and sinus thrombosis: comparison of its diagnostic value for both entities. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 30(4):728-35, 2009