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Diaphragmatic Rupture
Cristina Fuss, MDJonathan Hero Chung, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            • Diagnostic Checklist

              TERMINOLOGY

              • Synonyms

                • Diaphragmatic tear or laceration
              • Definitions

                • Traumatic diaphragmatic laceration
                  • More common with blunt than penetrating trauma
                  • May result in intrathoracic herniation of abdominal organs

              IMAGING

              • General Features

                • Radiographic Findings

                  • Upper Gastrointestinal Series

                    • CT Findings

                      • MR Findings

                        • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                          • Imaging Recommendations

                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                              PATHOLOGY

                              • General Features

                                • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                  CLINICAL ISSUES

                                  • Presentation

                                    • Demographics

                                      • Natural History & Prognosis

                                        • Treatment

                                          DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                          • Consider

                                            Selected References

                                            1. Fadl SA et al: Core curriculum illustration: blunt traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Emerg Radiol. 27(2):215-7, 2020
                                            2. Hammer MM et al: Traumatic injuries of the diaphragm: overview of imaging findings and diagnosis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(4):1020-7, 2017
                                            3. Petrone P et al: Diaphragmatic injuries and post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernias. Curr Probl Surg. 54(1):11-32, 2017
                                            4. Desir A et al: CT of blunt diaphragmatic rupture. Radiographics. 32(2):477-98, 2012
                                            5. Losanoff JE et al: Spontaneous rupture of the diaphragm: case report and comprehensive review of the world literature. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 139(6):e127-8, 2010
                                            6. Sangster GP et al: Blunt traumatic injuries of the lung parenchyma, pleura, thoracic wall, and intrathoracic airways: multidetector computer tomography imaging findings. Emerg Radiol. 14(5):297-310, 2007
                                            7. Eren S et al: Imaging of diaphragmatic rupture after trauma. Clin Radiol. 61(6):467-77, 2006
                                            8. Nchimi A et al: Helical CT of blunt diaphragmatic rupture. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(1):24-30, 2005
                                            9. Thoongsuwan N et al: Spectrum of blunt chest injuries. J Thorac Imaging. 20(2):89-97, 2005
                                            10. Karmy-Jones R et al: The impact of positive pressure ventilation on the diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic injury. Am Surg. 68(2):167-72, 2002
                                            11. Bergin D et al: The "dependent viscera" sign in CT diagnosis of blunt traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 177(5):1137-40, 2001
                                            Related Anatomy
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                                            Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                            References
                                            Tables

                                            Tables

                                            KEY FACTS

                                            • Terminology

                                              • Imaging

                                                • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                                  • Pathology

                                                    • Clinical Issues

                                                      • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                        TERMINOLOGY

                                                        • Synonyms

                                                          • Diaphragmatic tear or laceration
                                                        • Definitions

                                                          • Traumatic diaphragmatic laceration
                                                            • More common with blunt than penetrating trauma
                                                            • May result in intrathoracic herniation of abdominal organs

                                                        IMAGING

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Radiographic Findings

                                                            • Upper Gastrointestinal Series

                                                              • CT Findings

                                                                • MR Findings

                                                                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                                        • General Features

                                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                            CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                            • Presentation

                                                                              • Demographics

                                                                                • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                                  • Treatment

                                                                                    DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                                    • Consider

                                                                                      Selected References

                                                                                      1. Fadl SA et al: Core curriculum illustration: blunt traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Emerg Radiol. 27(2):215-7, 2020
                                                                                      2. Hammer MM et al: Traumatic injuries of the diaphragm: overview of imaging findings and diagnosis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 42(4):1020-7, 2017
                                                                                      3. Petrone P et al: Diaphragmatic injuries and post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernias. Curr Probl Surg. 54(1):11-32, 2017
                                                                                      4. Desir A et al: CT of blunt diaphragmatic rupture. Radiographics. 32(2):477-98, 2012
                                                                                      5. Losanoff JE et al: Spontaneous rupture of the diaphragm: case report and comprehensive review of the world literature. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 139(6):e127-8, 2010
                                                                                      6. Sangster GP et al: Blunt traumatic injuries of the lung parenchyma, pleura, thoracic wall, and intrathoracic airways: multidetector computer tomography imaging findings. Emerg Radiol. 14(5):297-310, 2007
                                                                                      7. Eren S et al: Imaging of diaphragmatic rupture after trauma. Clin Radiol. 61(6):467-77, 2006
                                                                                      8. Nchimi A et al: Helical CT of blunt diaphragmatic rupture. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 184(1):24-30, 2005
                                                                                      9. Thoongsuwan N et al: Spectrum of blunt chest injuries. J Thorac Imaging. 20(2):89-97, 2005
                                                                                      10. Karmy-Jones R et al: The impact of positive pressure ventilation on the diagnosis of traumatic diaphragmatic injury. Am Surg. 68(2):167-72, 2002
                                                                                      11. Bergin D et al: The "dependent viscera" sign in CT diagnosis of blunt traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 177(5):1137-40, 2001