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Ultrasound
Differential Diagnosis
Thyroid and Parathyroid
Diffuse Thyroid Enlargement
Diffuse Thyroid Enlargement
Evelyn W. K. Tang, MBBS, FRCR; Yolanda Y. P. Lee, MBChB, FRCR; Eric K. C. Law, MBChB, FRCR
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DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

    ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

    • Key Differential Diagnosis Issues

      • Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses

        • Helpful Clues for Less Common Diagnoses

          • Helpful Clues for Rare Diagnoses

            Selected References

            1. Xie C et al: Ultrasonography of thyroid nodules: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging. 7(1):77-86, 2016
            2. Coquia SF et al: The role of sonography in thyroid cancer. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(6):1283-94, 2014
            3. Malhi H et al: Echogenic foci in thyroid nodules: significance of posterior acoustic artifacts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(6):1310-6, 2014
            4. Nachiappan AC et al: The thyroid: review of imaging features and biopsy techniques with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 34(2):276-93, 2014
            5. Alzahrani AS et al: Role of ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis: a noninvasive, cost-effective, and widely available but underutilized diagnostic tool. Endocr Pract. 18(4):567-78, 2012
            6. Chung AY et al: Metastases to the thyroid: a review of the literature from the last decade. Thyroid. 22(3):258-68, 2012
            7. Sofferman RA et al: Ultrasound of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. New York: Springer. 61-150, 2012
            8. Anderson L et al: Hashimoto thyroiditis: part 1, sonographic analysis of the nodular form of Hashimoto thyroiditis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195(1):208-15, 2010
            9. Anderson L et al: Hashimoto thyroiditis: Part 2, sonographic analysis of benign and malignant nodules in patients with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195(1):216-22, 2010
            10. Ito Y et al: Thyroid ultrasonography. World J Surg. 34(6):1171-80, 2010
            11. Ahuja AT et al. Diagnostic Imaging: Ultrasound. 1st ed. Salt Lake City: Amirsys Publishing, Inc. 11-16-35, 2007
            12. Doi Y et al: Primary thyroid lymphoma associated with Graves' disease. Thyroid. 14(9):772-6, 2004
            13. Hegedüs L: Thyroid ultrasound. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 30(2):339-60, viii-ix, 2001
            Related Anatomy
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            References
            Tables

            Tables

            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

              ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

              • Key Differential Diagnosis Issues

                • Helpful Clues for Common Diagnoses

                  • Helpful Clues for Less Common Diagnoses

                    • Helpful Clues for Rare Diagnoses

                      Selected References

                      1. Xie C et al: Ultrasonography of thyroid nodules: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging. 7(1):77-86, 2016
                      2. Coquia SF et al: The role of sonography in thyroid cancer. Radiol Clin North Am. 52(6):1283-94, 2014
                      3. Malhi H et al: Echogenic foci in thyroid nodules: significance of posterior acoustic artifacts. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 203(6):1310-6, 2014
                      4. Nachiappan AC et al: The thyroid: review of imaging features and biopsy techniques with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 34(2):276-93, 2014
                      5. Alzahrani AS et al: Role of ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis: a noninvasive, cost-effective, and widely available but underutilized diagnostic tool. Endocr Pract. 18(4):567-78, 2012
                      6. Chung AY et al: Metastases to the thyroid: a review of the literature from the last decade. Thyroid. 22(3):258-68, 2012
                      7. Sofferman RA et al: Ultrasound of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. New York: Springer. 61-150, 2012
                      8. Anderson L et al: Hashimoto thyroiditis: part 1, sonographic analysis of the nodular form of Hashimoto thyroiditis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195(1):208-15, 2010
                      9. Anderson L et al: Hashimoto thyroiditis: Part 2, sonographic analysis of benign and malignant nodules in patients with diffuse Hashimoto thyroiditis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 195(1):216-22, 2010
                      10. Ito Y et al: Thyroid ultrasonography. World J Surg. 34(6):1171-80, 2010
                      11. Ahuja AT et al. Diagnostic Imaging: Ultrasound. 1st ed. Salt Lake City: Amirsys Publishing, Inc. 11-16-35, 2007
                      12. Doi Y et al: Primary thyroid lymphoma associated with Graves' disease. Thyroid. 14(9):772-6, 2004
                      13. Hegedüs L: Thyroid ultrasound. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 30(2):339-60, viii-ix, 2001