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Musculoskeletal
Diagnosis
Trauma
Knee
Menisci
Discoid Meniscus
Discoid Meniscus
Donna G. Blankenbaker, MD, FACR; Andrew Sonin, MD, FACR
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Pathology

          • Clinical Issues

            TERMINOLOGY

            • Definitions

              • Congenitally oversized meniscus due to failure of resorption of its central portion during development
                • Typically not thicker than normal meniscus; instead covers more of tibial plateau surface than normal
              • Incomplete (partial) discoid meniscus: incomplete resorption of central portion

            IMAGING

            • General Features

              • Radiographic Findings

                • MR Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Consider

                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                      • Reporting Tips

                                        Selected References

                                        1. Ha CW et al: Predictive validity of radiographic signs of complete discoid lateral meniscus in children using machine learning techniques. J Orthop Res. 38(6):1279-88, 2019
                                        2. Jackson T et al: Epidemiology, injury patterns, and treatment of meniscal tears in pediatric patients: a 16-year experience of a single center. Orthop J Sports Med. 7(12):2325967119890325, 2019
                                        3. Restrepo R et al: Discoid meniscus in the pediatric population: emphasis on MR imaging signs of instability. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 27(2):323-39, 2019
                                        4. Sohn DW et al: Discoid lateral meniscus can be overlooked by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with meniscal tears. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 26(8):2317-23, 2018
                                        5. Dai WL et al: Discoid lateral meniscus. J Knee Surg. 30(9):854-62, 2017
                                        6. Ellis HB Jr et al: Prevalence of discoid meniscus during arthroscopy for isolated lateral meniscal pathology in the pediatric population. J Pediatr Orthop. 37(4):285-92, 2017
                                        7. Esteves C et al: Ring-shaped lateral meniscus with hypoplasic anterior cruciate ligament. Skeletal Radiol. 44(12):1813-8, 2015
                                        8. Jose J et al: Wrisberg-variant discoid lateral meniscus: current concepts, treatment options, and imaging features with emphasis on dynamic ultrasonography. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 44(3):135-9, 2015
                                        9. Kini SG et al: Bilateral symptomatic discoid medial meniscus of the knee: a case report and review of literature. Arch Trauma Res. 4(1):e27115, 2015
                                        10. Song JG et al: Radiographic evaluation of complete and incomplete discoid lateral meniscus. Knee. 22(3):163-8, 2015
                                        11. Fu D et al: Discoid lateral meniscus tears and concomitant articular cartilage lesions in the knee. Arthroscopy. 30(3):311-8, 2014
                                        12. Park HJ et al: Usefulness of meniscal width to transverse diameter ratio on coronal MRI in the diagnosis of incomplete discoid lateral meniscus. Clin Radiol. 69(4):391-6, 2014
                                        13. Yilgor C et al: Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging findings with arthroscopic findings in discoid meniscus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 22(2):268-73, 2014
                                        14. Yoon KH et al: Meniscus allograft transplantation for discoid lateral meniscus: clinical comparison between discoid lateral meniscus and nondiscoid lateral meniscus. Arthroscopy. 30(6):724-30, 2014
                                        15. Choi SH et al: Diagnostic criterion to distinguish between incomplete and complete discoid lateral meniscus on MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 38(2):417-21, 2013
                                        16. Jung JY et al: MRI findings with arthroscopic correlation for tear of discoid lateral meniscus: comparison between children and adults. Acta Radiol. 54(4):442-7, 2013
                                        17. Yoo WJ et al: Meniscal morphologic changes on magnetic resonance imaging are associated with symptomatic discoid lateral meniscal tear in children. Arthroscopy. 28(3):330-6, 2012
                                        18. Sun Y et al: Review of discoid meniscus. Orthop Surg. 3(4):219-23, 2011
                                        19. Ahn JH et al: Bilateral discoid lateral meniscus in knees: evaluation of the contralateral knee in patients with symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus. Arthroscopy. 26(10):1348-56, 2010
                                        20. Kim JE et al: Is the location of the Wrisberg ligament related to frequent complete discoid lateral meniscus tear? Acta Radiol. 51(10):1120-5, 2010
                                        21. Lee MH et al: Quantitative analysis of the difference between an intact complete discoid lateral meniscus and a torn complete discoid meniscus on MR imaging: a feasibility study for a new classification. Skeletal Radiol. 39(12):1193-7, 2010
                                        22. Ahn JH et al: A novel magnetic resonance imaging classification of discoid lateral meniscus based on peripheral attachment. Am J Sports Med. 37(8):1564-9, 2009
                                        23. Fukazawa I et al: Development of the meniscus of the knee joint in human fetuses. Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 49(1):27-32, 2009
                                        24. Kramer DE et al: Meniscal tears and discoid meniscus in children: diagnosis and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 17(11):698-707, 2009
                                        25. Papadopoulos A et al: Histomorphologic study of discoid meniscus. Arthroscopy. 25(3):262-8, 2009
                                        26. Kim EY et al: Atypically thick and high location of the Wrisberg ligament in patients with a complete lateral discoid meniscus. Skeletal Radiol. 37(9):827-33, 2008
                                        27. Yoo WJ et al: Discoid lateral meniscus in children: limited knee extension and meniscal instability in the posterior segment. J Pediatr Orthop. 28(5):544-8, 2008
                                        28. Good CR et al: Arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic discoid meniscus in children: classification, technique, and results. Arthroscopy. 23(2):157-63, 2007
                                        29. Moser MW et al: A hypermobile Wrisberg variant lateral discoid meniscus seen on MRI. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 456:264-7, 2007
                                        30. Rao SK et al: Clinical, radiologic and arthroscopic assessment and treatment of bilateral discoid lateral meniscus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 15(5):597-601, 2007
                                        31. Singh K et al: MRI appearance of Wrisberg variant of discoid lateral meniscus. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(2):384-7, 2006
                                        32. Klingele KE et al: Discoid lateral meniscus: prevalence of peripheral rim instability. J Pediatr Orthop. 24(1):79-82, 2004
                                        33. Tachibana Y et al: Discoid medial meniscus. Arthroscopy. 19(7):E12-8, 2003
                                        34. Rohren EM et al: Discoid lateral meniscus and the frequency of meniscal tears. Skeletal Radiol. 30(6):316-20, 2001
                                        35. Ryu KN et al: MR imaging of tears of discoid lateral menisci. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 171(4):963-7, 1998
                                        36. Silverman JM et al: Discoid menisci of the knee: MR imaging appearance. Radiology. 173(2):351-4, 1989
                                        37. Dickhaut SC et al: The discoid lateral-meniscus syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 64(7):1068-73, 1982
                                        Related Anatomy
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                                        Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                        References
                                        Tables

                                        Tables

                                        KEY FACTS

                                        • Terminology

                                          • Imaging

                                            • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Congenitally oversized meniscus due to failure of resorption of its central portion during development
                                                      • Typically not thicker than normal meniscus; instead covers more of tibial plateau surface than normal
                                                    • Incomplete (partial) discoid meniscus: incomplete resorption of central portion

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • Radiographic Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                            PATHOLOGY

                                                            • General Features

                                                              • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                • Presentation

                                                                  • Demographics

                                                                    • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                      • Treatment

                                                                        DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                        • Consider

                                                                          • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                            • Reporting Tips

                                                                              Selected References

                                                                              1. Ha CW et al: Predictive validity of radiographic signs of complete discoid lateral meniscus in children using machine learning techniques. J Orthop Res. 38(6):1279-88, 2019
                                                                              2. Jackson T et al: Epidemiology, injury patterns, and treatment of meniscal tears in pediatric patients: a 16-year experience of a single center. Orthop J Sports Med. 7(12):2325967119890325, 2019
                                                                              3. Restrepo R et al: Discoid meniscus in the pediatric population: emphasis on MR imaging signs of instability. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 27(2):323-39, 2019
                                                                              4. Sohn DW et al: Discoid lateral meniscus can be overlooked by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with meniscal tears. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 26(8):2317-23, 2018
                                                                              5. Dai WL et al: Discoid lateral meniscus. J Knee Surg. 30(9):854-62, 2017
                                                                              6. Ellis HB Jr et al: Prevalence of discoid meniscus during arthroscopy for isolated lateral meniscal pathology in the pediatric population. J Pediatr Orthop. 37(4):285-92, 2017
                                                                              7. Esteves C et al: Ring-shaped lateral meniscus with hypoplasic anterior cruciate ligament. Skeletal Radiol. 44(12):1813-8, 2015
                                                                              8. Jose J et al: Wrisberg-variant discoid lateral meniscus: current concepts, treatment options, and imaging features with emphasis on dynamic ultrasonography. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 44(3):135-9, 2015
                                                                              9. Kini SG et al: Bilateral symptomatic discoid medial meniscus of the knee: a case report and review of literature. Arch Trauma Res. 4(1):e27115, 2015
                                                                              10. Song JG et al: Radiographic evaluation of complete and incomplete discoid lateral meniscus. Knee. 22(3):163-8, 2015
                                                                              11. Fu D et al: Discoid lateral meniscus tears and concomitant articular cartilage lesions in the knee. Arthroscopy. 30(3):311-8, 2014
                                                                              12. Park HJ et al: Usefulness of meniscal width to transverse diameter ratio on coronal MRI in the diagnosis of incomplete discoid lateral meniscus. Clin Radiol. 69(4):391-6, 2014
                                                                              13. Yilgor C et al: Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging findings with arthroscopic findings in discoid meniscus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 22(2):268-73, 2014
                                                                              14. Yoon KH et al: Meniscus allograft transplantation for discoid lateral meniscus: clinical comparison between discoid lateral meniscus and nondiscoid lateral meniscus. Arthroscopy. 30(6):724-30, 2014
                                                                              15. Choi SH et al: Diagnostic criterion to distinguish between incomplete and complete discoid lateral meniscus on MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 38(2):417-21, 2013
                                                                              16. Jung JY et al: MRI findings with arthroscopic correlation for tear of discoid lateral meniscus: comparison between children and adults. Acta Radiol. 54(4):442-7, 2013
                                                                              17. Yoo WJ et al: Meniscal morphologic changes on magnetic resonance imaging are associated with symptomatic discoid lateral meniscal tear in children. Arthroscopy. 28(3):330-6, 2012
                                                                              18. Sun Y et al: Review of discoid meniscus. Orthop Surg. 3(4):219-23, 2011
                                                                              19. Ahn JH et al: Bilateral discoid lateral meniscus in knees: evaluation of the contralateral knee in patients with symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus. Arthroscopy. 26(10):1348-56, 2010
                                                                              20. Kim JE et al: Is the location of the Wrisberg ligament related to frequent complete discoid lateral meniscus tear? Acta Radiol. 51(10):1120-5, 2010
                                                                              21. Lee MH et al: Quantitative analysis of the difference between an intact complete discoid lateral meniscus and a torn complete discoid meniscus on MR imaging: a feasibility study for a new classification. Skeletal Radiol. 39(12):1193-7, 2010
                                                                              22. Ahn JH et al: A novel magnetic resonance imaging classification of discoid lateral meniscus based on peripheral attachment. Am J Sports Med. 37(8):1564-9, 2009
                                                                              23. Fukazawa I et al: Development of the meniscus of the knee joint in human fetuses. Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 49(1):27-32, 2009
                                                                              24. Kramer DE et al: Meniscal tears and discoid meniscus in children: diagnosis and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 17(11):698-707, 2009
                                                                              25. Papadopoulos A et al: Histomorphologic study of discoid meniscus. Arthroscopy. 25(3):262-8, 2009
                                                                              26. Kim EY et al: Atypically thick and high location of the Wrisberg ligament in patients with a complete lateral discoid meniscus. Skeletal Radiol. 37(9):827-33, 2008
                                                                              27. Yoo WJ et al: Discoid lateral meniscus in children: limited knee extension and meniscal instability in the posterior segment. J Pediatr Orthop. 28(5):544-8, 2008
                                                                              28. Good CR et al: Arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic discoid meniscus in children: classification, technique, and results. Arthroscopy. 23(2):157-63, 2007
                                                                              29. Moser MW et al: A hypermobile Wrisberg variant lateral discoid meniscus seen on MRI. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 456:264-7, 2007
                                                                              30. Rao SK et al: Clinical, radiologic and arthroscopic assessment and treatment of bilateral discoid lateral meniscus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 15(5):597-601, 2007
                                                                              31. Singh K et al: MRI appearance of Wrisberg variant of discoid lateral meniscus. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 187(2):384-7, 2006
                                                                              32. Klingele KE et al: Discoid lateral meniscus: prevalence of peripheral rim instability. J Pediatr Orthop. 24(1):79-82, 2004
                                                                              33. Tachibana Y et al: Discoid medial meniscus. Arthroscopy. 19(7):E12-8, 2003
                                                                              34. Rohren EM et al: Discoid lateral meniscus and the frequency of meniscal tears. Skeletal Radiol. 30(6):316-20, 2001
                                                                              35. Ryu KN et al: MR imaging of tears of discoid lateral menisci. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 171(4):963-7, 1998
                                                                              36. Silverman JM et al: Discoid menisci of the knee: MR imaging appearance. Radiology. 173(2):351-4, 1989
                                                                              37. Dickhaut SC et al: The discoid lateral-meniscus syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 64(7):1068-73, 1982