Smith BM et al: Rings and slings revisited. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 23(1):127-35, 2015
Etesami M et al: Computed tomography in the evaluation of vascular rings and slings. Insights Imaging. 5(4):507-21, 2014
Murillo H et al: Imaging of the aorta: embryology and anatomy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 33(3):169-90, 2012
Restrepo CS et al: Multidetector computed tomography of congenital anomalies of the thoracic aorta. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 33(3):191-206, 2012
Cerillo AG et al: Sixteen-row multislice computed tomography in infants with double aortic arch. Int J Cardiol. 99(2):191-4, 2005
Chan MS et al: Angiography and dynamic airway evaluation with MDCT in the diagnosis of double aortic arch associated with tracheomalacia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 185(5):1248-51, 2005
Greil GF et al: Diagnosis of vascular rings and slings using an interleaved 3D double-slab FISP MR angiography technique. Pediatr Radiol. 2005
Subramanyan R et al: Vascular rings: an important cause of persistent respiratory symptoms in infants and children. Indian Pediatr. 40(10):951-7, 2003
Yilmaz M et al: Vascular anomalies causing tracheoesophageal compression: a 20-year experience in diagnosis and management. Heart Surg Forum. 6(3):149-52, 2003
Fleck RJ et al: Imaging findings in pediatric patients with persistent airway symptoms after surgery for double aortic arch. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 178(5):1275-9, 2002
Skinner LJ et al: Complete vascular ring detected by barium esophagography. Ear Nose Throat J. 81(8):554-5, 2002
McElhinney DB et al: Association of chromosome 22q11 deletion with isolated anomalies of aortic arch laterality and branching. J Am Coll Cardiol. 37(8):2114-9, 2001
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Definitions
Congenital aortic arch anomaly
Persistent right and left 4th embryonic aortic arches
Complete vascular ring encircles trachea and esophagus
Most common symptomatic vascular ring (55%)
May occur with or without other congenital abnormalities
Often isolated anomaly in adults
IMAGING
General Features
Radiographic Findings
Fluoroscopic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Echocardiographic Findings
Angiographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Young AA et al: Prenatal detection, comorbidities, and management of vascular rings. Am J Cardiol. 123(10):1703-8, 2019
Priya S et al: Congenital anomalies of the aortic arch. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 8(Suppl 1):S26-44, 2018
Hanneman K et al: Congenital variants and anomalies of the aortic arch. Radiographics. 37(1):32-51, 2017
Smith BM et al: Rings and slings revisited. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 23(1):127-35, 2015
Etesami M et al: Computed tomography in the evaluation of vascular rings and slings. Insights Imaging. 5(4):507-21, 2014
Murillo H et al: Imaging of the aorta: embryology and anatomy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 33(3):169-90, 2012
Restrepo CS et al: Multidetector computed tomography of congenital anomalies of the thoracic aorta. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 33(3):191-206, 2012
Cerillo AG et al: Sixteen-row multislice computed tomography in infants with double aortic arch. Int J Cardiol. 99(2):191-4, 2005
Chan MS et al: Angiography and dynamic airway evaluation with MDCT in the diagnosis of double aortic arch associated with tracheomalacia. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 185(5):1248-51, 2005
Greil GF et al: Diagnosis of vascular rings and slings using an interleaved 3D double-slab FISP MR angiography technique. Pediatr Radiol. 2005
Subramanyan R et al: Vascular rings: an important cause of persistent respiratory symptoms in infants and children. Indian Pediatr. 40(10):951-7, 2003
Yilmaz M et al: Vascular anomalies causing tracheoesophageal compression: a 20-year experience in diagnosis and management. Heart Surg Forum. 6(3):149-52, 2003
Fleck RJ et al: Imaging findings in pediatric patients with persistent airway symptoms after surgery for double aortic arch. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 178(5):1275-9, 2002
Skinner LJ et al: Complete vascular ring detected by barium esophagography. Ear Nose Throat J. 81(8):554-5, 2002
McElhinney DB et al: Association of chromosome 22q11 deletion with isolated anomalies of aortic arch laterality and branching. J Am Coll Cardiol. 37(8):2114-9, 2001
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