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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Duplicate left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery
Synonyms
- Dual left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery
Definitions
- Rare congenital coronary artery anomaly with 2 LADs: 1 short, 1 long
- Short LAD usually originates from LAD proper and terminates high in proximal anterior interventricular vein (AIV) groove
- Long LAD has variable origin from either left or right coronary arteries, has variable course outside proximal AIV groove, and reenters distal part of AIV groove to reach cardiac apex
- Note that normally, LAD originates from left main coronary artery (LMCA), courses in AIV groove, and gives off diagonal and septal perforators
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Lee YF et al: A rare coronary anomaly -- type 4 dual left anterior descending artery accompanying anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right coronary sinus. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. ePub, 2019
- Bali HK et al: PCI in a case of dual (type IV) LAD with anomalous origin of the LCx from RCA. J Saudi Heart Assoc. 26(1):43-6, 2014
- Ghandour A et al: Unusual fistulas and connections in the cardiovascular system: A pictorial review. World J Radiol. 6(5):169-76, 2014
- Lee Y et al: A case report of type VI dual left anterior descending coronary artery anomaly presenting with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 12:101, 2012
- Maroney J et al: Report of a new anomaly of the left anterior descending artery: type VI dual LAD. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 80(4):626-9, 2012
- Manchanda A et al: Novel variant of dual left anterior descending coronary artery. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 4(2):139-41, 2010
- Agarwal PP et al: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: CT findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(6):1698-701, 2008
- Chiurlia E et al: Type IV dual left anterior descending coronary artery evaluated using multislice computed tomography: anatomy of a rare coronary anomaly. Ital Heart J. 4(12):900-1, 2003
- Sajja LR et al: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: surgical revascularization in 4 patients. Tex Heart Inst J. 27(3):292-6, 2000
- Spindola-Franco H et al: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: angiographic description of important variants and surgical implications. Am Heart J. 105(3):445-55, 1983
Related Anatomy
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Duplicate left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery
Synonyms
- Dual left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery
Definitions
- Rare congenital coronary artery anomaly with 2 LADs: 1 short, 1 long
- Short LAD usually originates from LAD proper and terminates high in proximal anterior interventricular vein (AIV) groove
- Long LAD has variable origin from either left or right coronary arteries, has variable course outside proximal AIV groove, and reenters distal part of AIV groove to reach cardiac apex
- Note that normally, LAD originates from left main coronary artery (LMCA), courses in AIV groove, and gives off diagonal and septal perforators
IMAGING
General Features
CT Findings
MR Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Reporting Tips
Selected References
- Lee YF et al: A rare coronary anomaly -- type 4 dual left anterior descending artery accompanying anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right coronary sinus. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. ePub, 2019
- Bali HK et al: PCI in a case of dual (type IV) LAD with anomalous origin of the LCx from RCA. J Saudi Heart Assoc. 26(1):43-6, 2014
- Ghandour A et al: Unusual fistulas and connections in the cardiovascular system: A pictorial review. World J Radiol. 6(5):169-76, 2014
- Lee Y et al: A case report of type VI dual left anterior descending coronary artery anomaly presenting with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 12:101, 2012
- Maroney J et al: Report of a new anomaly of the left anterior descending artery: type VI dual LAD. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 80(4):626-9, 2012
- Manchanda A et al: Novel variant of dual left anterior descending coronary artery. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 4(2):139-41, 2010
- Agarwal PP et al: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: CT findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 191(6):1698-701, 2008
- Chiurlia E et al: Type IV dual left anterior descending coronary artery evaluated using multislice computed tomography: anatomy of a rare coronary anomaly. Ital Heart J. 4(12):900-1, 2003
- Sajja LR et al: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: surgical revascularization in 4 patients. Tex Heart Inst J. 27(3):292-6, 2000
- Spindola-Franco H et al: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: angiographic description of important variants and surgical implications. Am Heart J. 105(3):445-55, 1983
