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Gynecology
Diagnosis
Ovary
Neoplasms
Germ Cell
Dysgerminoma
Dysgerminoma
Akram M. Shaaban, MBBCh; Oguz Akin, MD
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Pathology

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Definitions

            • Malignant ovarian tumor classified as germ cell tumor

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • CT Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                  • Imaging Recommendations

                    DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                      PATHOLOGY

                      • General Features

                        • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Wang Q et al: Clinical and computed tomography features of female pelvic malignant germ cell tumors in children and adolescents: a series of 30 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 33(1):83-8, 2020
                                          2. Tsuboyama T et al: Imaging findings of ovarian dysgerminoma with emphasis on multiplicity and vascular architecture: pathogenic implications. Abdom Radiol (NY). 43(7):1515-23, 2018
                                          3. Shaaban AM et al: Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors: cellular classification and clinical and imaging features. Radiographics. 34(3):777-801, 2014
                                          4. Ajao M et al: Ovarian dysgerminoma: a case report and literature review. Mil Med. 178(8):e954-5, 2013
                                          5. Guerriero S et al: Imaging of gynecological disease (6): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of ovarian dysgerminoma. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 37(5):596-602, 2011
                                          6. Shanbhogue AK et al: Clinical syndromes associated with ovarian neoplasms: a comprehensive review. Radiographics. 30(4):903-19, 2010
                                          7. Aldhafery BF: Ovarian dysgerminoma in two sisters. J Family Community Med. 15(3):127-31, 2008
                                          8. De Backer A et al: Ovarian germ cell tumors in children: a clinical study of 66 patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 46(4):459-64, 2006
                                          9. Imaoka I et al: Developing an MR imaging strategy for diagnosis of ovarian masses. Radiographics. 26(5):1431-48, 2006
                                          10. Boran N et al: Pregnancy outcomes and menstrual function after fertility sparing surgery for pure ovarian dysgerminomas. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 271(2):104-8, 2005
                                          11. Gucer F et al: Ovarian dysgerminoma associated with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome and functioning ovarian stroma: a case report. Gynecol Oncol. 97(2):681-4, 2005
                                          12. Lu KH et al: Update on the management of ovarian germ cell tumors. J Reprod Med. 50(6):417-25, 2005
                                          13. Guven S et al: Management of ovarian dysgerminoma during a pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia; a case report. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 25(6):759-60, 2004
                                          14. Ueno T et al: Spectrum of germ cell tumors: from head to toe. Radiographics. 24(2):387-404, 2004
                                          15. Togashi K: Ovarian cancer: the clinical role of US, CT, and MRI. Eur Radiol. 13 Suppl 4:L87-104, 2003
                                          16. Jung SE et al: CT and MR imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 22(6):1305-25, 2002
                                          17. Akyuz C et al: Malignant ovarian tumors in children: 22 years of experience at a single institution. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 22(5):422-7, 2000
                                          18. Ayhan A et al: Pure dysgerminoma of the ovary: a review of 45 well staged cases. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 21(1):98-101, 2000
                                          19. Tanaka YO et al: Ovarian dysgerminoma: MR and CT appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 18(3):443-8, 1994
                                          Related Anatomy
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                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Pathology

                                                • Clinical Issues

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Malignant ovarian tumor classified as germ cell tumor

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • CT Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                          • Imaging Recommendations

                                                            DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                              PATHOLOGY

                                                              • General Features

                                                                • Staging, Grading, & Classification

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Wang Q et al: Clinical and computed tomography features of female pelvic malignant germ cell tumors in children and adolescents: a series of 30 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 33(1):83-8, 2020
                                                                                  2. Tsuboyama T et al: Imaging findings of ovarian dysgerminoma with emphasis on multiplicity and vascular architecture: pathogenic implications. Abdom Radiol (NY). 43(7):1515-23, 2018
                                                                                  3. Shaaban AM et al: Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors: cellular classification and clinical and imaging features. Radiographics. 34(3):777-801, 2014
                                                                                  4. Ajao M et al: Ovarian dysgerminoma: a case report and literature review. Mil Med. 178(8):e954-5, 2013
                                                                                  5. Guerriero S et al: Imaging of gynecological disease (6): clinical and ultrasound characteristics of ovarian dysgerminoma. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 37(5):596-602, 2011
                                                                                  6. Shanbhogue AK et al: Clinical syndromes associated with ovarian neoplasms: a comprehensive review. Radiographics. 30(4):903-19, 2010
                                                                                  7. Aldhafery BF: Ovarian dysgerminoma in two sisters. J Family Community Med. 15(3):127-31, 2008
                                                                                  8. De Backer A et al: Ovarian germ cell tumors in children: a clinical study of 66 patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 46(4):459-64, 2006
                                                                                  9. Imaoka I et al: Developing an MR imaging strategy for diagnosis of ovarian masses. Radiographics. 26(5):1431-48, 2006
                                                                                  10. Boran N et al: Pregnancy outcomes and menstrual function after fertility sparing surgery for pure ovarian dysgerminomas. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 271(2):104-8, 2005
                                                                                  11. Gucer F et al: Ovarian dysgerminoma associated with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome and functioning ovarian stroma: a case report. Gynecol Oncol. 97(2):681-4, 2005
                                                                                  12. Lu KH et al: Update on the management of ovarian germ cell tumors. J Reprod Med. 50(6):417-25, 2005
                                                                                  13. Guven S et al: Management of ovarian dysgerminoma during a pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia; a case report. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 25(6):759-60, 2004
                                                                                  14. Ueno T et al: Spectrum of germ cell tumors: from head to toe. Radiographics. 24(2):387-404, 2004
                                                                                  15. Togashi K: Ovarian cancer: the clinical role of US, CT, and MRI. Eur Radiol. 13 Suppl 4:L87-104, 2003
                                                                                  16. Jung SE et al: CT and MR imaging of ovarian tumors with emphasis on differential diagnosis. Radiographics. 22(6):1305-25, 2002
                                                                                  17. Akyuz C et al: Malignant ovarian tumors in children: 22 years of experience at a single institution. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 22(5):422-7, 2000
                                                                                  18. Ayhan A et al: Pure dysgerminoma of the ovary: a review of 45 well staged cases. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 21(1):98-101, 2000
                                                                                  19. Tanaka YO et al: Ovarian dysgerminoma: MR and CT appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 18(3):443-8, 1994