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KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
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Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Intracardiac echogenic focus (IEF)
Synonyms
- Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF)
- Intracardiac echogenic focus (ICEF)
- Echogenic cardiac focus (ECF)
Definitions
- Focal echogenicity of papillary muscle
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- He M et al: Chromosomal microarray analysis for the detection of chromosome abnormalities in fetuses with echogenic intracardiac focus in women without high-risk factors. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(5):e19014, 2020
- Chiu G et al: Intracardiac echogenic focus and its location: association with congenital heart defects. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 32(18):3074-8, 2019
- Winter TC et al: How to integrate cell-free DNA screening with sonographic markers for aneuploidy: an update. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 210(4):906-12, 2018
- Yozgat Y et al: Modified myocardial performance index is not affected in fetuses with an isolated echogenic focus in the left ventricle. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 28(3):333-7, 2015
- Reddy UM et al: Fetal imaging: executive summary of a joint Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American College of Radiology, Society for Pediatric Radiology, and Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Fetal Imaging Workshop. J Ultrasound Med. 33(5):745-57, 2014
- Altug N et al: Echogenic focus in the fetal left ventricular cavity: is it a false tendon? Early Hum Dev. 89(7):479-82, 2013
- Chasen ST et al: Echogenic intracardiac foci: disclosure and the rate of amniocentesis in low-risk patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 209(4):377.e1-3, 2013
- Rodriguez R et al: The continuing enigma of the fetal echogenic intracardiac focus in prenatal ultrasound. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 25(2):145-51, 2013
- Gupta G et al: Intracardiac echogenic focus and fetal outcome. J Clin Ultrasound. 38(9):466-9, 2010
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References
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Tables
KEY FACTS
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
- Intracardiac echogenic focus (IEF)
Synonyms
- Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF)
- Intracardiac echogenic focus (ICEF)
- Echogenic cardiac focus (ECF)
Definitions
- Focal echogenicity of papillary muscle
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
- He M et al: Chromosomal microarray analysis for the detection of chromosome abnormalities in fetuses with echogenic intracardiac focus in women without high-risk factors. Medicine (Baltimore). 99(5):e19014, 2020
- Chiu G et al: Intracardiac echogenic focus and its location: association with congenital heart defects. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 32(18):3074-8, 2019
- Winter TC et al: How to integrate cell-free DNA screening with sonographic markers for aneuploidy: an update. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 210(4):906-12, 2018
- Yozgat Y et al: Modified myocardial performance index is not affected in fetuses with an isolated echogenic focus in the left ventricle. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 28(3):333-7, 2015
- Reddy UM et al: Fetal imaging: executive summary of a joint Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American College of Radiology, Society for Pediatric Radiology, and Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Fetal Imaging Workshop. J Ultrasound Med. 33(5):745-57, 2014
- Altug N et al: Echogenic focus in the fetal left ventricular cavity: is it a false tendon? Early Hum Dev. 89(7):479-82, 2013
- Chasen ST et al: Echogenic intracardiac foci: disclosure and the rate of amniocentesis in low-risk patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 209(4):377.e1-3, 2013
- Rodriguez R et al: The continuing enigma of the fetal echogenic intracardiac focus in prenatal ultrasound. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 25(2):145-51, 2013
- Gupta G et al: Intracardiac echogenic focus and fetal outcome. J Clin Ultrasound. 38(9):466-9, 2010
