link
Bookmarks
Enchondroma
Behrang Amini, MD, PhDB. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR
To access 4,300 diagnoses written by the world's leading experts in radiology.Try it free - 15 days
0
26
25
3

KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Clinical Issues

        • Diagnostic Checklist

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Solitary enchondroma (EC), central chondroma
          • Definitions

            • Benign hyaline cartilage tumor originating in bone

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Radiographic Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                    • Image-Guided Biopsy

                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                        PATHOLOGY

                        • General Features

                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                            • Microscopic Features

                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                              • Presentation

                                • Demographics

                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                    • Treatment

                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                      • Consider

                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                          Selected References

                                          1. Deckers C et al: Midterm MRI follow-up of untreated enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors in the long bones. Cancers (Basel). 13(16), 2021
                                          2. Haygood TM et al: Chondroid tumors of bone. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 42(2):123-33, 2021
                                          3. Bovée JVMG et al: Enchondroma. In Fletcher CDM et al: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours: Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 353-5, 2020
                                          4. Annovazzi A et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of cartilaginous bone neoplasms: the added value of tumor grading. Ann Nucl Med. 33(11):813-21, 2019
                                          5. Sensarma A et al: Regression of an enchondroma: a case report and proposed etiology. Skeletal Radiol. 44(5):739-42, 2015
                                          6. Herget GW et al: Insights into enchondroma, enchondromatosis and the risk of secondary chondrosarcoma. Review of the literature with an emphasis on the clinical behaviour, radiology, malignant transformation and the follow up. Neoplasma. 61(4):365-78, 2014
                                          7. Choi BB et al: MR differentiation of low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. Clin Imaging. 37(3):542-7, 2013
                                          8. De Coninck T et al: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for differentiation between enchondroma and chondrosarcoma. Eur Radiol. 23(11):3140-52, 2013
                                          9. Landman AS et al: Loss of pRB and p107 disrupts cartilage development and promotes enchondroma formation. Oncogene. 32(40):4798-805, 2013
                                          10. Logie CI et al: Chondrosarcoma: a diagnostic imager's guide to decision making and patient management. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 17(2):101-15, 2013
                                          11. Bierry G et al: Enchondromas in children: imaging appearance with pathological correlation. Skeletal Radiol. 41(10):1223-9, 2012
                                          12. Douis H et al: Can MR imaging challenge the commonly accepted theory of the pathogenesis of solitary enchondroma of long bone? Skeletal Radiol. 41(12):1537-42, 2012
                                          13. Douis H et al: The imaging of cartilaginous bone tumours. I. Benign lesions. Skeletal Radiol. 41(10):1195-212, 2012
                                          14. Ferrer-Santacreu EM et al: Enchondroma versus low-grade chondrosarcoma in appendicular skeleton: clinical and radiological criteria. J Oncol. 2012:437958, 2012
                                          15. Hong ED et al: Prevalence of shoulder enchondromas on routine MR imaging. Clin Imaging. 35(5):378-84, 2011
                                          16. Parlier-Cuau C et al: When should we biopsy a solitary central cartilaginous tumor of long bones? Literature review and management proposal. Eur J Radiol. 77(1):6-12, 2011
                                          17. Bui KL et al: Cortical scalloping and cortical penetration by small eccentric chondroid lesions in the long tubular bones: not a sign of malignancy? Skeletal Radiol. 38(8):791-6, 2009
                                          18. An YY et al: Enchondroma protuberans of the hand. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(1):40-4, 2008
                                          19. Walden MJ et al: Incidental enchondromas of the knee. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(6):1611-5, 2008
                                          20. Potter BK et al: Solitary epiphyseal enchondromas. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 87(7):1551-60, 2005
                                          21. Geirnaerdt MJ et al: Cartilaginous tumors: fast contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology. 214(2):539-46, 2000
                                          22. Murphey MD et al: Enchondroma versus chondrosarcoma in the appendicular skeleton: differentiating features. Radiographics. 18(5):1213-37; quiz 1244-5, 1998
                                          23. Geirnaerdt MJ et al: Usefulness of radiography in differentiating enchondroma from central grade 1 chondrosarcoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 169(4):1097-104, 1997
                                          Related Anatomy
                                          Loading...
                                          Related Differential Diagnoses
                                          Loading...
                                          References
                                          Tables

                                          Tables

                                          KEY FACTS

                                          • Terminology

                                            • Imaging

                                              • Clinical Issues

                                                • Diagnostic Checklist

                                                  TERMINOLOGY

                                                  • Synonyms

                                                    • Solitary enchondroma (EC), central chondroma
                                                  • Definitions

                                                    • Benign hyaline cartilage tumor originating in bone

                                                  IMAGING

                                                  • General Features

                                                    • Radiographic Findings

                                                      • MR Findings

                                                        • Imaging Recommendations

                                                          • Nuclear Medicine Findings

                                                            • Image-Guided Biopsy

                                                              DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                                PATHOLOGY

                                                                • General Features

                                                                  • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                                    • Microscopic Features

                                                                      CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                                      • Presentation

                                                                        • Demographics

                                                                          • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                            • Treatment

                                                                              DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                              • Consider

                                                                                • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                                  Selected References

                                                                                  1. Deckers C et al: Midterm MRI follow-up of untreated enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumors in the long bones. Cancers (Basel). 13(16), 2021
                                                                                  2. Haygood TM et al: Chondroid tumors of bone. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 42(2):123-33, 2021
                                                                                  3. Bovée JVMG et al: Enchondroma. In Fletcher CDM et al: World Health Organization Classification of Tumours: Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. IARC Press. 353-5, 2020
                                                                                  4. Annovazzi A et al: 18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of cartilaginous bone neoplasms: the added value of tumor grading. Ann Nucl Med. 33(11):813-21, 2019
                                                                                  5. Sensarma A et al: Regression of an enchondroma: a case report and proposed etiology. Skeletal Radiol. 44(5):739-42, 2015
                                                                                  6. Herget GW et al: Insights into enchondroma, enchondromatosis and the risk of secondary chondrosarcoma. Review of the literature with an emphasis on the clinical behaviour, radiology, malignant transformation and the follow up. Neoplasma. 61(4):365-78, 2014
                                                                                  7. Choi BB et al: MR differentiation of low-grade chondrosarcoma from enchondroma. Clin Imaging. 37(3):542-7, 2013
                                                                                  8. De Coninck T et al: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for differentiation between enchondroma and chondrosarcoma. Eur Radiol. 23(11):3140-52, 2013
                                                                                  9. Landman AS et al: Loss of pRB and p107 disrupts cartilage development and promotes enchondroma formation. Oncogene. 32(40):4798-805, 2013
                                                                                  10. Logie CI et al: Chondrosarcoma: a diagnostic imager's guide to decision making and patient management. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 17(2):101-15, 2013
                                                                                  11. Bierry G et al: Enchondromas in children: imaging appearance with pathological correlation. Skeletal Radiol. 41(10):1223-9, 2012
                                                                                  12. Douis H et al: Can MR imaging challenge the commonly accepted theory of the pathogenesis of solitary enchondroma of long bone? Skeletal Radiol. 41(12):1537-42, 2012
                                                                                  13. Douis H et al: The imaging of cartilaginous bone tumours. I. Benign lesions. Skeletal Radiol. 41(10):1195-212, 2012
                                                                                  14. Ferrer-Santacreu EM et al: Enchondroma versus low-grade chondrosarcoma in appendicular skeleton: clinical and radiological criteria. J Oncol. 2012:437958, 2012
                                                                                  15. Hong ED et al: Prevalence of shoulder enchondromas on routine MR imaging. Clin Imaging. 35(5):378-84, 2011
                                                                                  16. Parlier-Cuau C et al: When should we biopsy a solitary central cartilaginous tumor of long bones? Literature review and management proposal. Eur J Radiol. 77(1):6-12, 2011
                                                                                  17. Bui KL et al: Cortical scalloping and cortical penetration by small eccentric chondroid lesions in the long tubular bones: not a sign of malignancy? Skeletal Radiol. 38(8):791-6, 2009
                                                                                  18. An YY et al: Enchondroma protuberans of the hand. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(1):40-4, 2008
                                                                                  19. Walden MJ et al: Incidental enchondromas of the knee. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 190(6):1611-5, 2008
                                                                                  20. Potter BK et al: Solitary epiphyseal enchondromas. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 87(7):1551-60, 2005
                                                                                  21. Geirnaerdt MJ et al: Cartilaginous tumors: fast contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology. 214(2):539-46, 2000
                                                                                  22. Murphey MD et al: Enchondroma versus chondrosarcoma in the appendicular skeleton: differentiating features. Radiographics. 18(5):1213-37; quiz 1244-5, 1998
                                                                                  23. Geirnaerdt MJ et al: Usefulness of radiography in differentiating enchondroma from central grade 1 chondrosarcoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 169(4):1097-104, 1997