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KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Endometrial carcinoma (EC)
Definitions
Malignant proliferation of abnormal endometrial glands
Atypical irregular glands with multiple lumina
Reduced stroma → "back to back" appearance of glands
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kabil Kucur S et al: Role of endometrial power Doppler ultrasound using the international endometrial tumor analysis group classification in predicting intrauterine pathology. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 288(3):649-54, 2013
Armstrong AJ et al: Diagnosis and management of endometrial hyperplasia. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 19(5):562-71, 2012
Breijer MC et al: Capacity of endometrial thickness measurement to diagnose endometrial carcinoma in asymptomatic postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 40(6):621-9, 2012
Van den Bosch T et al: Pre-sampling ultrasound evaluation and assessment of the tissue yield during sampling improves the diagnostic reliability of office endometrial biopsy. J Obstet Gynaecol. 32(2):173-6, 2012
Jacobs I et al: Sensitivity of transvaginal ultrasound screening for endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women: a case-control study within the UKCTOCS cohort. Lancet Oncol. 12(1):38-48, 2011
Menzies R et al: Significance of abnormal sonographic findings in postmenopausal women with and without bleeding. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 33(9):944-51, 2011
Odeh M et al: Three-dimensional endometrial volume and 3-dimensional power Doppler analysis in predicting endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia. Gynecol Oncol. 106(2):348-53, 2007
Barwick TD et al: Imaging of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Clin Radiol. 61(7):545-55, 2006
Kirby TO et al: Surgical staging in endometrial cancer. Oncology (Williston Park). 20(1):45-50; discussion 50, 53-4, 63, 2006
Kumar R et al: Positron emission tomography in gynecological malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 6(7):1033-44, 2006
Mercé LT et al: Endometrial volume and vascularity measurements by transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasonography and power Doppler angiography in stimulated and tumoral endometria: intraobserver reproducibility. Gynecol Oncol. 100(3):544-50, 2006
Messiou C et al: MR staging of endometrial carcinoma. Clin Radiol. 61(10):822-32, 2006
Rackow BW et al: Endometrial cancer and fertility. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 18(3):245-52, 2006
Takeuchi M et al: Malignant transformation of pelvic endometriosis: MR imaging findings and pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 26(2):407-17, 2006
Barranger E et al: Lymphatic mapping for gynecologic malignancies. Semin Oncol. 31(3):394-402, 2004
Moodley M et al: Clinical pathway for the evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding with an emphasis on endometrial cancer detection. J Obstet Gynaecol. 24(7):736-41, 2004
Tjalma WA et al: The clinical value and the cost-effectiveness of follow-up in endometrial cancer patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 14(5):931-7, 2004
McMeekin DS et al: Endometrial cancer: treatment of nodal metastases. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 4(2):121-30, 2003
Ascher SM et al: Imaging of cancer of the endometrium. Radiol Clin North Am. 40(3):563-76, 2002
Sugimura K et al: Postsurgical pelvis: treatment follow-up. Radiol Clin North Am. 40(3):659-80, viii, 2002
Related Anatomy
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Related Differential Diagnoses
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References
Tables
Tables
KEY FACTS
Terminology
Imaging
Top Differential Diagnoses
Pathology
Clinical Issues
Diagnostic Checklist
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Endometrial carcinoma (EC)
Definitions
Malignant proliferation of abnormal endometrial glands
Atypical irregular glands with multiple lumina
Reduced stroma → "back to back" appearance of glands
IMAGING
General Features
Ultrasonographic Findings
CT Findings
MR Findings
Nuclear Medicine Findings
Imaging Recommendations
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
PATHOLOGY
General Features
Staging, Grading, & Classification
Microscopic Features
CLINICAL ISSUES
Presentation
Demographics
Natural History & Prognosis
Treatment
DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST
Consider
Image Interpretation Pearls
Selected References
Kabil Kucur S et al: Role of endometrial power Doppler ultrasound using the international endometrial tumor analysis group classification in predicting intrauterine pathology. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 288(3):649-54, 2013
Armstrong AJ et al: Diagnosis and management of endometrial hyperplasia. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 19(5):562-71, 2012
Breijer MC et al: Capacity of endometrial thickness measurement to diagnose endometrial carcinoma in asymptomatic postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 40(6):621-9, 2012
Van den Bosch T et al: Pre-sampling ultrasound evaluation and assessment of the tissue yield during sampling improves the diagnostic reliability of office endometrial biopsy. J Obstet Gynaecol. 32(2):173-6, 2012
Jacobs I et al: Sensitivity of transvaginal ultrasound screening for endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women: a case-control study within the UKCTOCS cohort. Lancet Oncol. 12(1):38-48, 2011
Menzies R et al: Significance of abnormal sonographic findings in postmenopausal women with and without bleeding. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 33(9):944-51, 2011
Odeh M et al: Three-dimensional endometrial volume and 3-dimensional power Doppler analysis in predicting endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia. Gynecol Oncol. 106(2):348-53, 2007
Barwick TD et al: Imaging of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Clin Radiol. 61(7):545-55, 2006
Kirby TO et al: Surgical staging in endometrial cancer. Oncology (Williston Park). 20(1):45-50; discussion 50, 53-4, 63, 2006
Kumar R et al: Positron emission tomography in gynecological malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 6(7):1033-44, 2006
Mercé LT et al: Endometrial volume and vascularity measurements by transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasonography and power Doppler angiography in stimulated and tumoral endometria: intraobserver reproducibility. Gynecol Oncol. 100(3):544-50, 2006
Messiou C et al: MR staging of endometrial carcinoma. Clin Radiol. 61(10):822-32, 2006
Rackow BW et al: Endometrial cancer and fertility. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 18(3):245-52, 2006
Takeuchi M et al: Malignant transformation of pelvic endometriosis: MR imaging findings and pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 26(2):407-17, 2006
Barranger E et al: Lymphatic mapping for gynecologic malignancies. Semin Oncol. 31(3):394-402, 2004
Moodley M et al: Clinical pathway for the evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding with an emphasis on endometrial cancer detection. J Obstet Gynaecol. 24(7):736-41, 2004
Tjalma WA et al: The clinical value and the cost-effectiveness of follow-up in endometrial cancer patients. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 14(5):931-7, 2004
McMeekin DS et al: Endometrial cancer: treatment of nodal metastases. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 4(2):121-30, 2003
Ascher SM et al: Imaging of cancer of the endometrium. Radiol Clin North Am. 40(3):563-76, 2002
Sugimura K et al: Postsurgical pelvis: treatment follow-up. Radiol Clin North Am. 40(3):659-80, viii, 2002
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