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Endometrioma
Priyanka Jha, MBBS
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KEY FACTS

  • Terminology

    • Imaging

      • Top Differential Diagnoses

        • Clinical Issues

          TERMINOLOGY

          • Synonyms

            • Endometriosis, endometriotic cysts, chocolate cyst
          • Definitions

            • Functional endometrium outside of uterus
              • Cyclical hemorrhage
            • Ectopic endometrial cells

          IMAGING

          • General Features

            • Ultrasonographic Findings

              • MR Findings

                • Imaging Recommendations

                  DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                    PATHOLOGY

                    • General Features

                      • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                        • Microscopic Features

                          CLINICAL ISSUES

                          • Presentation

                            • Demographics

                              • Natural History & Prognosis

                                • Treatment

                                  DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                  • Consider

                                    • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                      Selected References

                                      1. Balcacer P et al: The "speckle sign" in the diagnosis of posterior compartment endometriosis. J Ultrasound Med. ePub, 2021
                                      2. Burla L et al: Structured manual for MRI assessment of deep infiltrating endometriosis using the ENZIAN classification. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 303(3):751-7, 2021
                                      3. Cohen Ben-Meir L et al: The association between gastrointestinal symptoms and transvaginal ultrasound findings in women referred for endometriosis evaluation: a prospective pilot study. Ultraschall Med. ePub, 2020
                                      4. Jha P et al: Endometriosis MRI lexicon: consensus statement from the society of abdominal radiology endometriosis disease-focused panel. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(6):1552-68, 2020
                                      5. Leonardi M et al: SonoPODography: a new diagnostic technique for visualizing superficial endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 254:124-31, 2020
                                      6. Navarro R et al: Endometriosis in pregnancy. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(6):1741-53, 2020
                                      7. Ros C et al: Accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound compared to cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder endometriosis nodules. J Ultrasound Med. ePub, 2020
                                      8. Yin S et al: Diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis using transvaginal ultrasonography. Front Med (Lausanne). 7:567929, 2020
                                      9. Yoon H et al: The relationship of ovarian endometrioma and its size to the preoperative serum anti-mullerian hormone level. Ginekol Pol. 91(6):313-9, 2020
                                      10. Young SW et al: Impact of uterine sliding sign in routine United States ultrasound practice. J Ultrasound Med. ePub, 2020
                                      11. Young SW et al: Sonographer-acquired ultrasound protocol for deep endometriosis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(6):1659-69, 2020
                                      12. Collins BG et al: Transvaginal US of endometriosis: looking beyond the endometrioma with a dedicated protocol. Radiographics. 39(5):1549-68, 2019
                                      13. Chamié LP et al: Atypical sites of deeply infiltrative endometriosis: clinical characteristics and imaging findings. Radiographics. 38(1):309-28, 2018
                                      14. Cunningham RK et al: Adenomyosis: a sonographic diagnosis. Radiographics. 38(5):1576-89, 2018
                                      15. Kaniewska M et al: Suspensory ligaments of the female genital organs: MRI evaluation with intraoperative correlation. Radiographics. 38(7):2195-211, 2018
                                      16. Groszmann Y et al: Decidualized endometrioma masquerading as ovarian cancer in pregnancy. J Ultrasound Med. 33(11):1909-15, 2014
                                      17. McDermott S et al: MR imaging of malignancies arising in endometriomas and extraovarian endometriosis. Radiographics. 32(3):845-63, 2012
                                      18. Siegelman ES et al: MR imaging of endometriosis: ten imaging pearls. Radiographics. 32(6):1675-91, 2012
                                      19. Chamié LP et al: Findings of pelvic endometriosis at transvaginal US, MR imaging, and laparoscopy. Radiographics. 31(4):E77-100, 2011
                                      20. Wall DJ et al: Echogenic foci in the ovary: are they predictive of endometriosis? J Ultrasound Med. 30(3):391-5, 2011
                                      21. Asch E et al: Variations in appearance of endometriomas. J Ultrasound Med. 26(8):993-1002, 2007
                                      22. Bhatt S et al: Endometriosis: Sonographic Spectrum. Ultrasound Q. 22(4):273-80, 2006
                                      Related Anatomy
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                                      Related Differential Diagnoses
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                                      References
                                      Tables

                                      Tables

                                      KEY FACTS

                                      • Terminology

                                        • Imaging

                                          • Top Differential Diagnoses

                                            • Clinical Issues

                                              TERMINOLOGY

                                              • Synonyms

                                                • Endometriosis, endometriotic cysts, chocolate cyst
                                              • Definitions

                                                • Functional endometrium outside of uterus
                                                  • Cyclical hemorrhage
                                                • Ectopic endometrial cells

                                              IMAGING

                                              • General Features

                                                • Ultrasonographic Findings

                                                  • MR Findings

                                                    • Imaging Recommendations

                                                      DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

                                                        PATHOLOGY

                                                        • General Features

                                                          • Gross Pathologic & Surgical Features

                                                            • Microscopic Features

                                                              CLINICAL ISSUES

                                                              • Presentation

                                                                • Demographics

                                                                  • Natural History & Prognosis

                                                                    • Treatment

                                                                      DIAGNOSTIC CHECKLIST

                                                                      • Consider

                                                                        • Image Interpretation Pearls

                                                                          Selected References

                                                                          1. Balcacer P et al: The "speckle sign" in the diagnosis of posterior compartment endometriosis. J Ultrasound Med. ePub, 2021
                                                                          2. Burla L et al: Structured manual for MRI assessment of deep infiltrating endometriosis using the ENZIAN classification. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 303(3):751-7, 2021
                                                                          3. Cohen Ben-Meir L et al: The association between gastrointestinal symptoms and transvaginal ultrasound findings in women referred for endometriosis evaluation: a prospective pilot study. Ultraschall Med. ePub, 2020
                                                                          4. Jha P et al: Endometriosis MRI lexicon: consensus statement from the society of abdominal radiology endometriosis disease-focused panel. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(6):1552-68, 2020
                                                                          5. Leonardi M et al: SonoPODography: a new diagnostic technique for visualizing superficial endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 254:124-31, 2020
                                                                          6. Navarro R et al: Endometriosis in pregnancy. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(6):1741-53, 2020
                                                                          7. Ros C et al: Accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound compared to cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder endometriosis nodules. J Ultrasound Med. ePub, 2020
                                                                          8. Yin S et al: Diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis using transvaginal ultrasonography. Front Med (Lausanne). 7:567929, 2020
                                                                          9. Yoon H et al: The relationship of ovarian endometrioma and its size to the preoperative serum anti-mullerian hormone level. Ginekol Pol. 91(6):313-9, 2020
                                                                          10. Young SW et al: Impact of uterine sliding sign in routine United States ultrasound practice. J Ultrasound Med. ePub, 2020
                                                                          11. Young SW et al: Sonographer-acquired ultrasound protocol for deep endometriosis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 45(6):1659-69, 2020
                                                                          12. Collins BG et al: Transvaginal US of endometriosis: looking beyond the endometrioma with a dedicated protocol. Radiographics. 39(5):1549-68, 2019
                                                                          13. Chamié LP et al: Atypical sites of deeply infiltrative endometriosis: clinical characteristics and imaging findings. Radiographics. 38(1):309-28, 2018
                                                                          14. Cunningham RK et al: Adenomyosis: a sonographic diagnosis. Radiographics. 38(5):1576-89, 2018
                                                                          15. Kaniewska M et al: Suspensory ligaments of the female genital organs: MRI evaluation with intraoperative correlation. Radiographics. 38(7):2195-211, 2018
                                                                          16. Groszmann Y et al: Decidualized endometrioma masquerading as ovarian cancer in pregnancy. J Ultrasound Med. 33(11):1909-15, 2014
                                                                          17. McDermott S et al: MR imaging of malignancies arising in endometriomas and extraovarian endometriosis. Radiographics. 32(3):845-63, 2012
                                                                          18. Siegelman ES et al: MR imaging of endometriosis: ten imaging pearls. Radiographics. 32(6):1675-91, 2012
                                                                          19. Chamié LP et al: Findings of pelvic endometriosis at transvaginal US, MR imaging, and laparoscopy. Radiographics. 31(4):E77-100, 2011
                                                                          20. Wall DJ et al: Echogenic foci in the ovary: are they predictive of endometriosis? J Ultrasound Med. 30(3):391-5, 2011
                                                                          21. Asch E et al: Variations in appearance of endometriomas. J Ultrasound Med. 26(8):993-1002, 2007
                                                                          22. Bhatt S et al: Endometriosis: Sonographic Spectrum. Ultrasound Q. 22(4):273-80, 2006